Add quickstart build instructions to the README file

[rafaelroquetto]

• adjust supported Linux versions paragraph
• add quickstart instructions

Relates to #1189

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 81.17%. Comparing base (2d7c95c) to head (b5078ed).
Report is 4 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1188      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   81.13%   81.17%   +0.04%     
==========================================
  Files         136      136              
  Lines       11497    11497              
==========================================
+ Hits         9328     9333       +5     
+ Misses       1639     1636       -3     
+ Partials      530      528       -2     

Flag	Coverage Δ
integration-test	57.01% <ø> (ø)
k8s-integration-test	58.87% <ø> (+0.03%)	⬆️
oats-test	35.82% <ø> (ø)
unittests	53.37% <ø> (+0.03%)	⬆️

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[grcevski]

LGTM!