[v15] chore: Bump golangci-lint to v1.63.4

[codingllama]

Backport #50846 to branch/v15.

[codingllama]

Some interesting failures over here, 👀.

[codingllama]

I've added ignores for the govet/stdversion warnings because we are using 1.22 as the toolchain, so it all actually builds (and tests) correctly. (Technically the linter is correct but changing all that code seems worse to me.)

Loopvar issues I've just fixed.

Ideally this would pull https://github.com/gravitational/teleport.e/pull/5813 as well, but it isn't a hard-requirement.

Edit: updated e/.

[creack]

nit: wouldn't it be better/easier to bump v15 go version?

[codingllama]

nit: wouldn't it be better/easier to bump v15 go version?

It's an option. I would do it separately (and then remove the ignores). WDYT @rosstimothy?

[creack]

imho we should keep all the backport version up to date, not just to avoid this kind of issue, but to benefit from any bug/security fixes.

[codingllama]

imho we should keep all the backport version up to date, not just to avoid this kind of issue, but to benefit from any bug/security fixes.

Toolchains are up to date, this is only about the module Go level.