Chado is a modular schema for handling all kinds of biological data. It is intended to be used as both a primary datastore schema as well as a warehouse-style schema.
Chado was originally conceived as the next generation Flybase database, combining the sequence annotation database gadfly with the Harvard and Cambridge databases. We have avoided organism or project specificity in the schema, and we hope it will be of use to other projects.
The modules currently in chado are:
Module | Description |
---|---|
Audit | database audits |
Companalysis | data from computational analysis |
Contact | people and groups |
Controlled Vocabulary (cv) | controlled vocabularies and ontologies |
Expression | summarized RNA and protein expresssion |
General | identifiers |
Genetic | genetic data and genotypes |
Library | descriptions of molecular libraries |
Mage | microarray data |
Map | maps without sequence |
Organism | species |
Phenotype | phenotypic data |
Phylogeny | phylogenetic trees |
Publication (pub) | publications and references |
Sequence | sequences and sequence features |
Stock | specimens and biological collections |
WWW | generic classes for web interfaces |
For documentation on the various modules, see http://www.gmod.org.
Other modules are possible; the existing modules cover a very large variety of use cases.
Chado has a fairly abstract schema, and ontologies and controlled vocabularies (CVs) are utilised where their use is favourable to relational modeling. In particular, the sequence ontology (SO) is vital to the sequence module.
Some (but not all) of the use cases we have discussed are:
-
Central dogma genome annotations
-
Genes that break the central dogma (of which there are many Annotated in fly, including polycistronic transcripts, transplicing, selenocysteine readthroughs, rna editing, ....)
-
Sequence variation data, including SNPs, transposable element insertions, indels, ... how this relates to phenotypes, how these effect the central dogma....
-
Non-wildtype data, including representing a wildtype transcriptome and proteome on a non wildtype genome; implicit and explicit central dogma examples for mutant strains
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Complex phenotypic data
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Ontologies structured as graphs; querying over graph ontologies non-recursively by pre-computing the closure
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Sequence ontology
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Comparative data
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Genetic interactions
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Transgene constructs, complex genetic experiments and their results
The core schema is DBMS independent. The SQL table create files can be found in the chado/modules directory. The main Chado developers are currently using PostgreSQL.
Please read the included chado/INSTALL.Chado.md document for instructions on how to install the Chado schema.
docker build -t chado .
docker run -it -d chado
Please see our website for more information on Chado and the GMOD project:
http://www.gmod.org/
You can send questions to the Chado mailing list:
gmod-schema@lists.sourceforge.net
You can browse the schema CVS repository here:
http://cvs.sourceforge.net/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/gmod/schema/
Chris Mungall, David Emmert and the GMOD team
Full list of committers:
- a8wright a8wright@224a875b-6a50-0410-9993-82261b5d0d45
- Allen Day allenday@users.sourceforge.net
- Ben Faga mwz444@users.sourceforge.net
- Bobular bobular@users.sourceforge.net
- Brian O. briano@users.sourceforge.net
- Brian O'Connor boconnor@users.sourceforge.net
- Chris Vandevelde cnvandev@users.sourceforge.net
- Chun-Huai Cheng chunhuaicheng@gmail.com
- cmungall cjmungall@lbl.gov
- Colin Wiel cwiel@users.sourceforge.net
- Cyril Pommier cpommier_gmod@users.sourceforge.net
- Dave Clements clements@galaxyproject.org
- David Emmert emmert@users.sourceforge.net
- Don Gilbert don@dongilbert.net
- elee gk_fan@users.sourceforge.net
- Eric Just ejust@users.sourceforge.net
- Eric Rasche rasche.eric@gmail.com
- Frank Smutniak smutniak@users.sourceforge.net
- Hilmar Lapp hlapp@drycafe.net
- Jason Stajich stajich@users.sourceforge.net
- Jay Sundaram jaysundaram@users.sourceforge.net
- Jim Hu jimhu@users.sourceforge.net
- Josh Goodman jogoodma@indiana.edu
- Kathleen Falls kfalls@users.sourceforge.net
- Ken Youens-Clark kycl4rk@users.sourceforge.net
- Lacey-Anne Sanderson laceyannesanderson@gmail.com
- lallsonu lallsonu@224a875b-6a50-0410-9993-82261b5d0d45
- Lincoln Stein lincoln.stein@gmail.com
- Malcolm Cook malcolm.cook@gmail.com
- Marc RJ Carlson mcarlson@users.sourceforge.net
- Mark Gibson mgibson@users.sourceforge.net
- Meg Staton mestato@gmail.com
- Monty Schulman montys9@users.sourceforge.net
- Nathan Liles nliles@users.sourceforge.net
- nm249 nm249@cornell.edu
- nmenda nm249@cornell.edu
- Nomi Harris nomi@users.sourceforge.net
- Peili Zhnag peili@users.sourceforge.net
- Peter Ruzanov pruzanov@users.sourceforge.net
- Pinglei Zhou pinglei@users.sourceforge.net
- Ram Podicheti mnrusimh@indiana.edu
- Richard D. Hayes rdhayes@users.sourceforge.net
- Rob Buels rbuels@gmail.com
- Scott Cain scott@scottcain.net
- Seth Redmond sethnr@users.sourceforge.net
- Sheldon McKay sheldon.mckay@gmail.com
- Shengqiang Shu sshu@users.sourceforge.net
- Stan Letovsky sletovsky@users.sourceforge.net
- Stephen Ficklin spficklin@gmail.com
- Tony deCatanzaro tonydecat@users.sourceforge.net
- Yuri Bendana ybendana@users.sourceforge.net
- zheng zha zzgw@users.sourceforge.net