Black Hole Simulation

A real-time 3D black hole simulation built with Python and Pygame, featuring gravitational physics, particle systems, and visual effects.

Features

• Realistic Physics: Implements gravitational acceleration and Schwarzschild radius calculations
• Particle System: Simulates accretion disk with hundreds of particles
• Visual Effects: Glow effects, particle trails, and gravitational lensing visualization
• Interactive Camera: Full 3D camera controls with zoom and movement
• Real-time Simulation: 60 FPS simulation with dynamic particle generation

Installation

1. Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/yourusername/black-hole-simulation.git
cd black-hole-simulation

2. Create a virtual environment:

python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate  # On Windows: .venv\Scripts\activate

3. Install dependencies:

pip install -r requirements.txt

Usage

Run the simulation:

python src/main.py

Controls

• WASD: Move camera
• Q/E: Move camera up/down
• +/-: Zoom in/out
• R: Reset camera position
• G: Toggle gravity on/off
• ESC: Exit simulation

Project Structure

src/
├── main.py              # Main simulation loop
├── physics/             # Physics calculations
│   ├── black_hole.py    # Black hole physics
│   ├── particle.py      # Particle system
│   └── constants.py     # Physical constants
├── rendering/           # Rendering system
│   ├── renderer.py      # Main renderer
│   ├── camera.py        # Camera controls
│   └── camera_config.py # Camera settings
└── utils/               # Utility functions
    └── vectors.py       # Vector operations

Physics

The simulation implements:

• Gravitational Force: F = GMm/r²
• Schwarzschild Radius: Rs = 2GM/c²
• Event Horizon: Particles crossing the event horizon turn black
• Orbital Mechanics: Particles follow realistic orbital paths

Contributing

We welcome contributions! Please see our Contributing Guidelines for details.

Development Setup

1. Fork the repository
2. Create a feature branch: git checkout -b feature-name
3. Make your changes
4. Run tests: python -m pytest tests/
5. Submit a pull request

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

Acknowledgments

• Physics calculations based on Einstein's General Relativity
• Inspired by real black hole observations from Event Horizon Telescope
• Built with Python, Pygame, and NumPy