fix(insert): user can specify insert table in specified database

A user reported this issue on Zulip.

We weren't passing `catalog.database` information to `get_schema` inside
of `_build_insert_from_table` which caused inserts to fail if user had
specified a `database` argument, because we were looking in the wrong db
for the existing table to pull the `schema` from.

ibis/backends/sql/__init__.py

@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ def _build_insert_from_table(
         # Compare the columns between the target table and the object to be inserted
         # If source is a subset of target, use source columns for insert list
         # Otherwise, assume auto-generated column names and use positional ordering.
-        target_cols = self.get_schema(target).keys()
+        target_cols = self.get_schema(target, catalog=catalog, database=db).keys()
 
         columns = (
             source_cols

ibis/backends/tests/test_client.py

@@ -1360,6 +1360,27 @@ def test_overwrite(ddl_con, monkeypatch):
         assert t2.count().execute() == expected_count
 
 
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def create_and_destroy_db(con):
+    con.create_database(dbname := gen_name("db"))
+    yield dbname
+    con.drop_database(dbname)
+
+
+# TODO: move this to something like `test_ddl.py`
+def test_insert_with_database_specified(con_create_database, monkeypatch):
+    con = con_create_database
+    monkeypatch.setattr(ibis.options, "default_backend", con)
+
+    t = ibis.memtable({"a": [1, 2, 3]})
+
+    with create_and_destroy_db(con) as dbname:
+        con.create_table(table_name := gen_name("table"), obj=t, database=dbname)
+        con.insert(table_name, obj=t, database=dbname)
+        assert con.table(table_name, database=dbname).count().to_pandas() == 6
+        con.drop_table(table_name, database=dbname)
+
+
 @pytest.mark.notyet(["datafusion"], reason="cannot list or drop catalogs")
 def test_create_catalog(con_create_catalog):
     catalog = gen_name("test_create_catalog")