[Sync Iteration] python/black-jack/1

solutions/python/black-jack/1/black_jack.py

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+"""
+Functions to help play and score a game of blackjack.
+
+How to play blackjack:    https://bicyclecards.com/how-to-play/blackjack/
+"Standard" playing cards: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_52-card_deck
+"""
+
+
+def value_of_card(card) -> int:
+    """
+    Determine the scoring value of a card.
+
+    :param card: str - given card.
+    :return: int - value of a given card.  See below for values.
+
+    1.  'J', 'Q', or 'K' (otherwise known as "face cards") = 10
+    2.  'A' (ace card) = 1
+    3.  '2' - '10' = numerical value.
+    """
+    if card in 'JKQ':
+        return 10
+    elif card == 'A':
+        return 1
+
+    return int(card)
+
+
+def higher_card(card_one, card_two) -> str | tuple[str, str]:
+    """
+    Determine which card has a higher value in the hand.
+
+    :param card_one, card_two: str - cards dealt in hand.  See below for values.
+    :return: str or tuple - resulting Tuple contains both cards if they are of equal value.
+
+    1.  'J', 'Q', or 'K' (otherwise known as "face cards") = 10
+    2.  'A' (ace card) = 1
+    3.  '2' - '10' = numerical value.
+    """
+    if value_of_card(card_one) == value_of_card(card_two):
+        return card_one, card_two
+    elif value_of_card(card_one) > value_of_card(card_two):
+        return card_one
+
+    return card_two
+
+
+def value_of_ace(card_one, card_two) -> int:
+    """
+    Calculate the most advantageous value for the ace card.
+
+    :param card_one, card_two: str - card dealt. See below for values.
+    :return: int - either 1 or 11 value of the upcoming ace card.
+
+    1.  'J', 'Q', or 'K' (otherwise known as "face cards") = 10
+    2.  'A' (ace card) = 11 (if already in hand)
+    3.  '2' - '10' = numerical value.
+    """
+    total: int = value_of_card(card_one) + value_of_card(card_two)
+    # Hint: if we already have an ace in hand, then the value for the upcoming ace would be 1.
+    if card_one == 'A' or card_two == 'A':
+        return 1
+    # The value of the hand with the ace needs to be as high as possible without going over 21.
+    elif 21 - total >= 11:
+        return 11
+
+    return 1
+
+
+def is_blackjack(card_one, card_two) -> bool:
+    """
+    Determine if the hand is a 'natural' or 'blackjack'.
+
+    :param card_one, card_two: str - card dealt. See below for values.
+    :return: bool - is the hand is a blackjack (two cards worth 21).
+
+    1.  'J', 'Q', or 'K' (otherwise known as "face cards") = 10
+    2.  'A' (ace card) = 11 (if already in hand)
+    3.  '2' - '10' = numerical value.
+    """
+    # If a player is dealt an ace (A) and a ten-card (10, K, Q, or J)
+    # as their first two cards, then the player has a score of 21.
+    if card_one == 'A' and card_two in ('J', 'Q', 'K', '10'):
+        return True
+    elif card_two == 'A' and card_one in ('J', 'Q', 'K', '10'):
+        return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+def can_split_pairs(card_one, card_two) -> bool:
+    """
+    Determine if a player can split their hand into two hands.
+
+    :param card_one, card_two: str - cards dealt.
+    :return: bool - can the hand be split into two pairs? (i.e. cards are of the same value).
+    """
+    if value_of_card(card_one) == value_of_card(card_two):
+        return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+def can_double_down(card_one, card_two) -> bool:
+    """
+    Determine if a blackjack player can place a double down bet.
+
+    :param card_one, card_two: str - first and second cards in hand.
+    :return: bool - can the hand can be doubled down? (i.e. totals 9, 10 or 11 points).
+    """
+    return 9 <= value_of_card(card_one) + value_of_card(card_two) <= 11