Age-sex-GAD7-PHQ9-GLAD
Code for paper "Age and sex-related variability in the presentation of generalized anxiety and depression symptoms" published in Depression and Anxiety (2021).
All code written by Katherine N. Thompson and Christopher Hübel.
Analyses were conducted in R Studio version 4.0.2.
Data used were from the Genetic Links to Anxiety and Depression (GLAD) Study (https://gladstudy.org.uk/)
The analysis script includes the following components:
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Data preparation and descriptive statistics for the GLAD sample
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Factor analyses
a) Exploratory factor analyses: 1-6 factors run for 15 and 16 item model.
b) Confirmatory factor analyses: confirmation of 4 factor model in entire data set.
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Regression analyses with age and sex:
a) Logistic regression analyses for individual symptoms (symptom_binary ~ age/10 + sex + PHQ.total.score + GAD.total.score)
b) Linear regression analyses for factor scores (factor ~ age/10 + sex + PHQ.total.score + GAD.total.score)
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Post hoc sensitivity analyses conducted:
a) All factor analyses and regression models re-computed whilst stratifying based on completion during COVID: individuals that participated during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded at three intervals.
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31st January 2020 (first UK case; N=2456)
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1st March 2020 (higher awareness; N= 1222)
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23rd March 2020 (first UK lockdown; N=342)
b) Regression analyses were recomputed including highest education level (as a proxy for socioeconomic status) in the model.
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Full paper reference: Thompson, K. N., Hübel, C.,Cheesman, R., Adey, B. N., Armour, C., Davies, M. R., Hotopf, M., Jones, I. R., Kalsi, G., McIntosh, A. M., Monssen, D., Peel,A. J., Rogers, H. C., Skelton, M., Smith, D. J., Walters, J. T. R., Breen, G., & Eley, T. C. (2021). Age and sex-related variability in the presentation of generalized anxiety and depression symptoms. Depression and Anxiety, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.23213