apacheGH-36329: [C++][CI] Use OpenSSL 3 on macOS

GitHub Actions self-hosted runner for macOS has
/usr/local/include/openssl/ provided by OpenSSL 3 (`openssl@3`). Our
include paths have `... -isystem /usr/local/include -isystem
/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include ...`. It means that
`/usr/local/include/openssl/...` is used for `#include <openssl/...>`.

If we mix OpenSSL 3 headers and OpenSSL 1.1 libraries, we may get some
problems such as a link error.

This uses OpenSSL 3 instead of OpenSSL 1.1 because GitHub Actions
self-hosted runner for macOS provides OpenSSL 3 by
/usr/local/include/openssl/. Note that `$(brew --prefix
openssl@3)/include` isn't linked as /usr/local/include/openssl` by
default. So I think that Homebrew GitHub Actions self-hosted runner
for macOS does it explicitly.

Other solution: Unlinking `/usr/local/include/openssl` by `brew unlink
openssl@3`. But there is no reason to use OpenSSL 1.1 for us. So this
PR doesn't use this solution.

cpp/Brewfile

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ brew "grpc"
 brew "llvm@14"
 brew "lz4"
 brew "ninja"
-brew "openssl@1.1"
+brew "openssl@3"
 brew "protobuf"
 brew "python"
 brew "rapidjson"

cpp/cmake_modules/FindOpenSSLAlt.cmake

@@ -22,17 +22,24 @@ endif()
 if(APPLE AND NOT OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR)
   find_program(BREW brew)
   if(BREW)
-    execute_process(COMMAND ${BREW} --prefix "openssl@1.1"
-                    OUTPUT_VARIABLE OPENSSL11_BREW_PREFIX
+    execute_process(COMMAND ${BREW} --prefix "openssl"
+                    OUTPUT_VARIABLE OPENSSL_BREW_PREFIX
                     OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
-    if(OPENSSL11_BREW_PREFIX)
-      set(OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR ${OPENSSL11_BREW_PREFIX})
+    if(OPENSSL_BREW_PREFIX)
+      set(OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR ${OPENSSL_BREW_PREFIX})
     else()
-      execute_process(COMMAND ${BREW} --prefix "openssl"
-                      OUTPUT_VARIABLE OPENSSL_BREW_PREFIX
+      execute_process(COMMAND ${BREW} --prefix "openssl@3.0"
+                      OUTPUT_VARIABLE OPENSSL3_BREW_PREFIX
                       OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
-      if(OPENSSL_BREW_PREFIX)
-        set(OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR ${OPENSSL_BREW_PREFIX})
+      if(OPENSSL11_BREW_PREFIX)
+        set(OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR ${OPENSSL3_BREW_PREFIX})
+      else()
+        execute_process(COMMAND ${BREW} --prefix "openssl@1.1"
+                        OUTPUT_VARIABLE OPENSSL11_BREW_PREFIX
+                        OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
+        if(OPENSSL11_BREW_PREFIX)
+          set(OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR ${OPENSSL11_BREW_PREFIX})
+        endif()
       endif()
     endif()
   endif()