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Fix typos, improve wording
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Signed-off-by: Marcello Seri <marcello.seri@gmail.com>
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mseri committed Jan 19, 2023
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Expand Up @@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ \section{Orientation on manifolds}
where $\alpha_{lk}\in C^{\infty}(U_k\cap U_l)$, $a_{lk} > 0$ and there is no implied sum\footnote{All indices are low indices.}.
Since the covering $\{U_i\}$ is locally finite\footnote{See Theorem~\ref{thm:partitionof1}.}, a point $p\in M$ belongs only to a finite number of open sets, let's call them $U_{i_0}, U_{i_1}, \ldots, U_{i_N}$. That is,
\begin{equation}
\omega(p) = \sum_{k=1}^N \omega_{i_k}(p) = \left( 1 + \sum_{k = 1}^N a_{i_k i_0} \right) \omega_{i_0}(p) \neq 0
\omega(p) = \sum_{k=0}^N \omega_{i_k}(p) = \left( 1 + \sum_{k = 1}^N a_{i_k i_0} \right) \omega_{i_0}(p) \neq 0
\end{equation}
since $\omega_{i_0}(p) \neq 0$ and $a_{i_k i_0} > 0$.
That is, for all $p\in M$ we have that $\omega(p) \neq 0$.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ \section{Orientation on manifolds}
\varphi_{U}:\pi^{-1}(U)\to U\times \R^{n},
\end{equation}
with $\R^n$ equipped with its standard orientation, is fiberwise orientation-preserving.
\marginnote[-2em]{Otherwise said, we can cover the manifold by (continuous) local frames whose local trivializations are orientation preserving.}
\marginnote[-2em]{Otherwise said, we can cover the manifold by (continuous) local frames such that the local trivializations are orientation preserving.}
With this definition, the orientability of $M$ coincides with the orientability of the bundle $TM\to M$.
\end{remark}

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ \section{Integrals on manifolds}

\begin{definition}\label{def:intnform:chart}
Let $M$ be a smooth $n$-manifold and $(U,\varphi)$ be a chart from an oriented atlas of $M$ with coordinates $(x^i)$.
If $\omega\in\Omega^n(M)$ be a $n$-form, $n > 0$, with compact support in $U$, we define the integral of $\omega$ as\sidenote[][-1em]{Recall that for a diffeomorphism $\phi$, $\phi_* = (\phi^{-1})^*$.}
If $\omega\in\Omega^n(M)$ is a $n$-form, $n > 0$, with compact support in $U$, we define the integral of $\omega$ as\sidenote[][-1em]{Recall that for a diffeomorphism $\phi$, $\phi_* = (\phi^{-1})^*$.}
\begin{equation}
\int_M \omega = \int_U \omega := \int_{\varphi(U)} \varphi_*\omega := \int_{\R^n} \omega(x) d x^1\cdots dx^n,
\end{equation}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -768,10 +768,10 @@ \section{Stokes' Theorem}
In fact this example is a particular case of the following corollary of Stokes' theorem.

\begin{corollary}
Suppose $M$ is a smooth $m$-manifold with or without boundary,$N\subseteq M$ is an oriented compact smooth $n$-submanifold (without boundary) and $\omega$ is a closed $n$-form on $M$.
Suppose $M$ is a smooth $m$-manifold with or without boundary, $N\subseteq M$ is an oriented compact smooth $n$-submanifold and $\omega$ is a closed $n$-form on $M$.
If $\int_N\omega \neq 0$ then the following are true:
\begin{enumerate}
\item $\omega$ is not exact on $M$;
\item if $\partial N = \emptyset$, $\omega$ is not exact on $M$;
\item $N$ is not the boundary of an oriented compact smooth submanifold with boundary in $M$.
\end{enumerate}
\end{corollary}
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