Enable sanitizers for postgres v17

[alexanderlaw]

Add a build with sanitizers (asan, ubsan) to the CI pipeline and run tests on it.

See #6053

[github-actions]

7414 tests run: 7063 passed, 0 failed, 351 skipped (full report)

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Flaky tests (8)

Postgres 17

• test_pgdata_import_smoke[None-1024-RelBlockSize.MULTIPLE_RELATION_SEGMENTS]: debug-x86-64-without-lfc, release-arm64-without-lfc, release-arm64-with-lfc
• test_pgdata_import_smoke[8-1024-RelBlockSize.MULTIPLE_RELATION_SEGMENTS]: debug-x86-64-without-lfc, release-arm64-without-lfc, release-arm64-with-lfc

Postgres 16

• test_pageserver_gc_compaction_idempotent[after_restart]: release-arm64-with-lfc

Postgres 15

• test_pageserver_gc_compaction_idempotent[after_restart]: release-x86-64-with-lfc

Code coverage* (full report)

• functions: 33.4% (8508 of 25499 functions)
• lines: 49.1% (71452 of 145541 lines)

* collected from Rust tests only

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_{The comment gets automatically updated with the latest test results
0ac2f2a at 2025-01-30T09:15:17.611Z :recycle:}

[bayandin]

I've added sanitizers column to the db (it's false by default), could you please add setting it from test results?
You can use LFC as an example, you need to add changes to scripts/ingest_regress_test_result-new-format.py and test_runner/fixtures/parametrize.py and maybe to workflow to set this env variable for test runs.

[alexanderlaw]

Please look at a commit I've added to address this: 0ac2f2a