Update GHA workflows to Ubuntu 24 and 22

[obenkenobi]

Overview

Upgrades all workflows to ubuntu 24 with the exception of the AIT workflow which is upgraded to ubuntu 22 due to a bug in python 3.12.

Instrumentation tests with embedded MariaDB are disabled with the proposition we should use test containers as an alternative.

Related Github Issue

#2159

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 70.56%. Comparing base (d492642) to head (232c660).
Report is 14 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##               main    #2231      +/-   ##
============================================
- Coverage     70.56%   70.56%   -0.01%     
  Complexity     9974     9974              
============================================
  Files           842      842              
  Lines         40374    40373       -1     
  Branches       6119     6119              
============================================
- Hits          28490    28489       -1     
+ Misses         9107     9106       -1     
- Partials       2777     2778       +1     

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