Add wave.build.template config option

docs/reference/config.md

@@ -1587,6 +1587,11 @@ The following settings are available:
   :::
 : Forcefully apply compression option to all layers, including already existing layers (default: `false`).
 
+`wave.build.conda.baseImage`
+: :::{versionadded} 25.12.0-edge
+  :::
+: The base image for the final stage in multi-stage Conda container builds (default: `ubuntu:24.04`). This option only applies when using `wave.build.template` set to `conda/micromamba:v2` or `conda/pixi:v1`.
+
 `wave.build.conda.basePackages`
 : One or more Conda packages to be always added in the resulting container (default: `conda-forge::procps-ng`).
 
@@ -1600,6 +1605,16 @@ The following settings are available:
 : The container repository where images built by Wave are uploaded.
 : The corresponding credentials must be provided in your Seqera Platform account.
 
+`wave.build.template`
+: :::{versionadded} 25.12.0-edge
+  :::
+: The build template to use for container builds (default: `conda/micromamba:v1`). Supported values:
+: - `conda/micromamba:v1`: Standard Micromamba 1.x single-stage build. Default when unspecified.
+: - `conda/micromamba:v2`: Micromamba 2.x with multi-stage builds.
+: - `conda/pixi:v1`: Pixi package manager with multi-stage builds for optimized image sizes.
+: - `cran/installr:v1`: R/CRAN packages using installr.
+: Multi-stage templates produce smaller images by excluding build tools from the final image.
+
 `wave.httpClient.connectTimeout`
 : :::{versionadded} 22.06.0-edge
   :::

docs/wave.md

@@ -92,6 +92,40 @@ conda.channels = 'conda-forge,bioconda'
 
 Packages from the [Python Package Index](https://pypi.org/) can also be added to a Conda `environment.yml` file. See {ref}`Conda and PyPI <conda-pypi>` for more information.
 
+(wave-build-templates)=
+
+### Build templates
+
+:::{versionadded} 25.12.0-edge
+:::
+
+Wave supports different build templates for creating container images from Conda packages. Build templates control how packages are installed and how the final container image is structured.
+
+Multi-stage build templates (`conda/pixi:v1` and `conda/micromamba:v2`) offer several advantages:
+
+- **Smaller images**: Build tools and package managers are excluded from the final image (30-50% size reduction typical).
+- **Reproducibility**: Lock files are generated for exact package version tracking.
+- **Security**: Fewer binaries in the final image reduces the attack surface.
+
+To use a specific build template, add the following to your configuration:
+
+```groovy
+wave.enabled = true
+wave.strategy = ['conda']
+wave.build.template = 'conda/pixi:v1'
+```
+
+Available templates:
+
+| Template | Description |
+|----------|-------------|
+| `conda/micromamba:v1` | Standard Micromamba 1.x single-stage build. The final image includes the package manager. Default when unspecified. |
+| `conda/micromamba:v2` | Multi-stage build using Micromamba 2.x. Produces smaller images without the package manager. |
+| `conda/pixi:v1` | Multi-stage build using [Pixi](https://pixi.sh/) package manager. Produces smaller images with faster dependency resolution. |
+| `cran/installr:v1` | Build template for R/CRAN packages using installr. |
+
+When `wave.build.template` is not specified, Wave uses the standard `conda/micromamba:v1` template.
+
 (wave-singularity)=
 
 ### Build Singularity native images

plugins/nf-wave/build.gradle

@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ dependencies {
     api 'org.apache.commons:commons-compress:1.26.1'
     api 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.13.1'
     api 'org.yaml:snakeyaml:2.2'
-    api 'io.seqera:wave-api:0.16.0'
-    api 'io.seqera:wave-utils:0.15.1'
+    api 'io.seqera:wave-api:1.31.1'
+    api 'io.seqera:wave-utils:1.31.1'
 
     testImplementation(testFixtures(project(":nextflow")))
     testImplementation "org.apache.groovy:groovy:4.0.29"

plugins/nf-wave/src/main/io/seqera/wave/plugin/SubmitContainerTokenRequest.groovy

@@ -154,4 +154,9 @@ class SubmitContainerTokenRequest {
      */
     BuildCompression buildCompression
 
+    /**
+     * The build template to use for container builds
+     */
+    String buildTemplate
+
 }

plugins/nf-wave/src/main/io/seqera/wave/plugin/WaveClient.groovy

@@ -226,7 +226,8 @@ class WaveClient {
                 mirror: config.mirrorMode(),
                 scanMode: config.scanMode(),
                 scanLevels: config.scanAllowedLevels(),
-                buildCompression: config.buildCompression()
+                buildCompression: config.buildCompression(),
+                buildTemplate: config.buildTemplate()
         )
     }
 
@@ -254,7 +255,8 @@ class WaveClient {
                 mirror: config.mirrorMode(),
                 scanMode: config.scanMode(),
                 scanLevels: config.scanAllowedLevels(),
-                buildCompression: config.buildCompression()
+                buildCompression: config.buildCompression(),
+                buildTemplate: config.buildTemplate()
         )
         return sendRequest(request)
     }

plugins/nf-wave/src/main/io/seqera/wave/plugin/config/WaveConfig.groovy

@@ -139,6 +139,8 @@ class WaveConfig implements ConfigScope {
 
     String cacheRepository() { build.cacheRepository }
 
+    String buildTemplate() { build.template }
+
     Duration buildMaxDuration() { build.maxDuration }
 
     BuildCompression buildCompression() { build.compression }
@@ -275,6 +277,12 @@ class BuildOpts implements ConfigScope {
     """)
     final String cacheRepository
 
+    @ConfigOption
+    @Description("""
+        The build template to use for container builds. Supported values: `conda/pixi:v1` (Pixi with multi-stage builds), `conda/micromamba:v2` (Micromamba 2.x with multi-stage builds), `cran/installr:v1` (R/CRAN packages). Default: standard conda/micromamba:v1 template.
+    """)
+    final String template
+
     final CondaOpts conda
 
     final BuildCompression compression
@@ -287,6 +295,7 @@ class BuildOpts implements ConfigScope {
     BuildOpts(Map opts) {
         repository = opts.repository
         cacheRepository = opts.cacheRepository
+        template = opts.template
         conda = new CondaOpts(opts.conda as Map ?: Collections.emptyMap())
         compression = parseCompression(opts.compression as Map)
         maxDuration = opts.maxDuration as Duration ?: Duration.of('40m')

plugins/nf-wave/src/test/io/seqera/wave/plugin/config/WaveConfigTest.groovy

@@ -89,14 +89,21 @@ class WaveConfigTest extends Specification {
         def opts = new WaveConfig([:])
         then:
         opts.condaOpts().mambaImage == 'mambaorg/micromamba:1.5.10-noble'
+        opts.condaOpts().baseImage == 'ubuntu:24.04'
         opts.condaOpts().commands == null
 
         when:
         opts = new WaveConfig([build:[conda:[mambaImage:'mambaorg/foo:1', commands:['USER hola']]]])
         then:
         opts.condaOpts().mambaImage == 'mambaorg/foo:1'
         opts.condaOpts().commands == ['USER hola']
-
+
+        when:
+        opts = new WaveConfig([build:[conda:[baseImage:'debian:12', mambaImage:'mambaorg/micromamba:2-amazon2023']]])
+        then:
+        opts.condaOpts().baseImage == 'debian:12'
+        opts.condaOpts().mambaImage == 'mambaorg/micromamba:2-amazon2023'
+
     }
 
     def 'should get build and cache repos' () {
@@ -113,6 +120,18 @@ class WaveConfigTest extends Specification {
         opts.cacheRepository() == 'some/cache'
     }
 
+    def 'should get build template' () {
+        when:
+        def opts = new WaveConfig([:])
+        then:
+        opts.buildTemplate() == null
+
+        when:
+        opts = new WaveConfig([build:[template:'conda/pixi:v1']])
+        then:
+        opts.buildTemplate() == 'conda/pixi:v1'
+    }
+
     @Unroll
     def 'should set strategy' () {
         when:
@@ -185,7 +204,7 @@ class WaveConfigTest extends Specification {
         given:
         def config = new WaveConfig([enabled: true])
         expect:
-        config.toString() == 'WaveConfig(build:BuildOpts(repository:null, cacheRepository:null, conda:CondaOpts(mambaImage=mambaorg/micromamba:1.5.10-noble; basePackages=conda-forge::procps-ng, commands=null), compression:null, maxDuration:40m), enabled:true, endpoint:https://wave.seqera.io, freeze:false, httpClient:HttpOpts(), mirror:false, retryPolicy:RetryOpts(delay:450ms, maxDelay:1m 30s, maxAttempts:5, jitter:0.25, multiplier:2.0, delayAsDuration:PT0.45S, maxDelayAsDuration:PT1M30S), scan:ScanOpts(allowedLevels:null, mode:null), strategy:[container, dockerfile, conda], bundleProjectResources:null, containerConfigUrl:[], preserveFileTimestamp:null, tokensCacheMaxDuration:30m)'
+        config.toString() == 'WaveConfig(build:BuildOpts(repository:null, cacheRepository:null, template:null, conda:CondaOpts(mambaImage=mambaorg/micromamba:1.5.10-noble; basePackages=conda-forge::procps-ng, commands=null, baseImage=ubuntu:24.04), compression:null, maxDuration:40m), enabled:true, endpoint:https://wave.seqera.io, freeze:false, httpClient:HttpOpts(), mirror:false, retryPolicy:RetryOpts(delay:450ms, maxDelay:1m 30s, maxAttempts:5, jitter:0.25, multiplier:2.0, delayAsDuration:PT0.45S, maxDelayAsDuration:PT1M30S), scan:ScanOpts(allowedLevels:null, mode:null), strategy:[container, dockerfile, conda], bundleProjectResources:null, containerConfigUrl:[], preserveFileTimestamp:null, tokensCacheMaxDuration:30m)'
     }
 
     def 'should not allow invalid setting' () {

validation/wave-tests/example6/nextflow.config

@@ -7,3 +7,7 @@ fusion {
   enabled = true
 }
 
+wave {
+  build.template = 'conda/pixi:v1'
+}
+