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teresamg committed Jun 8, 2024
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50 changes: 28 additions & 22 deletions poster.Rmd
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poster_height: 46in
poster_width: 33in

title: "Structural cerebellar connectivity in schizophrenia: Support for the cognitive dysmetria theory"
title: "Structural cerebellar connectivity in schizophrenia"
author:
- name: Teresa Gomez
affil: 1
orcid: '0000-0001-7909-4430'
- name: Sivan Jossinger
affil: 2
orcid: '0000-0000-0000-0000'
- name: John Kruper
affil: 1
orcid: '0000-0000-0000-0000'
- name: Adam Richie-Halford
affil: 3
orcid: '0000-0000-0000-0000'
- name: Michal Ben-Shachar
affil: 2
orcid: '0000-0000-0000-0000'
- name: Jason Yeatman
affil: 3
orcid: '0000-0000-0000-0000'
- name: Ariel Rokem
affil: 1
orcid: '0000-0003-0679-1985'
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output:
posterdown::posterdown_html:
self_contained: true
self_contained: no
pandoc_args: ["--csl=science-without-titles.csl"]

header-includes:
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}

body {
bottom-margin: 0px;
bottom-margin: 0px;
}

.poster_body h1 {
background-color: #b7a57a;
border: #85754d;
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.poster_title h3 {
font-family: "Palatino", "URW Palladio L", "serif";

}

.poster_title h5 {
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}

.title_container {
height: 165mm; }
height: 180mm; }

img[src*='#logo'] {
width: 10%;
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- Previous research found increased functional connectivity in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuits in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. [@Cao2018]
- This hyperconnectivity was more pronounced in individuals who converted to psychosis, correlated to the severity of symptoms, and was predictive of the time to conversion.

![The cerebellum sends its output through the superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP), the contralateral red nucleus (RN), and VA/VL of the thalamus to various cerebral areas… The decussation (d) of the cerebero-thalamo-cortical pathway is indicated by the yellow circle. [@Palesi2015-oi]](images/palesi.jpg){#id .class width=100% height=100% }
<center>

![The cerebellum sends its output through the superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP), the contralateral red nucleus (RN), and VA/VL of the thalamus to various cerebral areas… The decussation (d) of the cerebero-thalamo-cortical pathway is indicated by the yellow circle. [@Palesi2015-oi]](images/palesi.jpg){width=60% height=60%}

</center>

**QUESTION**: Are the physical properties of the white matter tracts of the CTC different in individuals with SZ?

\

# Methods

- **Data:** the UCLA Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics LA5c Study [@ds000030:1.0.0], which includes diffusion MRI (dMRI) data from 49 participants with SZ (mean age: 36.2 +/- 8.8 SD; 12 female), 40 participants with ADHD (mean age: 31.95 +/- 10.3 SD; 20 female), 49 participants with bipolar disorder (BP) (mean age: 35.3 +/- 9.0 SD, 21 female), and 123 controls (CTRL) (mean age: 31.6 +/- 8.8 SD; 58 female).
- **Data:** the UCLA Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics LA5c Study [@ds000030:1.0.0], which includes diffusion MRI (dMRI) data from 49 participants with SZ (mean age: 36.2 +/- 8.8 SD; 12 female), 40 participants with ADHD (mean age: 31.95 +/- 10.3 SD; 20 female), 49 participants with bipolar disorder (BD) (mean age: 35.3 +/- 9.0 SD, 21 female), and 123 controls (CTRL) (mean age: 31.6 +/- 8.8 SD; 58 female).
- The data were processed using QSIPREP [@Cieslak2021-vj] and pyAFQ [@Kruper2021-az] [@Yeatman2012-ze]
- The SCPs were identified in each individual using pyAFQ and anatomical criteria that capture the decussation of these bundles. [@Jossinger2023-gj]
- This resulted in tract profiles of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) in each white matter pathway (100 nodes each).
- We then fit generalized additive models (GAMs) for FA and MD in each bundle as a function of diagnosis (entered as a factor: SZ or CTRL), nodeID (modeled with an adaptive smooth, where degree of the smooth is determined as the k that minimizes the AIC), age, sex (entered as a factor) and data quality (quantified as the neighbor correlation from QSIPREP). [@Muncy2022GAMs]

<!---
![](images/OHBM-SZ-SCP-methods.png){#id .class width=100% height=100% }
-->
![](images/SCP_right.png){width=24% height=24%}
![](images/SCP_back.png){width=24% height=24%}
![](images/SCP_left.png){width=24% height=24%}
![](images/SCP_top.png){width=24% height=24%}
<div style="font-size:32px; font-family:'Palatino'; text-align:center">The left (dark blue) and right (light blue) SCP bundles visualized in an individual with SZ, with sagittal, coronal and axial anatomical views of the T1-weighted scan of this individual.</div>

![a](images/sub-50010_SCP_right.png){#id .class width=25% height=25% }
![b](images/sub-50010_SCP_back.png){#id .class width=25% height=25% }
![c](images/sub-50010_SCP_top.png){#id .class width=25% height=25% }
![d](images/sub-50010_SCP_left.png){#id .class width=25% height=25% }
The left (dark blue) and right (light blue) SCP bundles visualized in an individual with SZ, with sagittal (a, d), coronal (b) and axial (c) anatomical views of the T1-weighted scan of this individual.
\
\
\

# Results

- MD differed significantly in the left superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) between the SZ and CTRL groups (p<0.05), but not between the ADHD and CTRL groups or BP and CTRL groups.
![](images/figure_mod.png){width=100% height=100%}

- MD differed significantly in the left superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) between the SZ and CTRL groups (p<0.05), but not between the ADHD and CTRL groups or BD and CTRL groups.
- Individuals with SZ had lower MD in this tract than the matched controls.
- This finding held after adding medication as a covariate (haloperidol equivalent dosage).
- No other significant differences were found.

![](images/figure.png){#id .class width=100% height=100% }
\

# Conclusions

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- These results appear in line with previous fMRI results that found increased functional connectivity in the CTC in individuals with SZ. [@Cao2018]
- This provides additional support for the cognitive dysmetria theory of SZ.

\

# Acknowledgements

NIMH grants: MH121867 (PI: Poldrack), MH121868 (PI: Rokem), EB027585 (PI: Garyfallidis)

\

# References
1 change: 0 additions & 1 deletion references.bib
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Expand Up @@ -203,7 +203,6 @@ @dataset{ds000030:1.0.0
Freimer, N and Congdon, E and Karlsgodt, K and Sabb, F",
title = "UCLA Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics LA5c Study",
year = 2020,
doi = "10.18112/openneuro.ds000030.v1.0.0",
publisher = "OpenNeuro",
}
@ARTICLE{Cieslak2021-vj,
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