validate company entries

app/models/company.rb

@@ -3,10 +3,12 @@ class Company < ApplicationRecord
   has_many :opportunities, dependent: :destroy
   has_many :resource_sheets, dependent: :nullify
 
+  before_validation :normalize_name
   before_save :shorten_urls, :sanitize_size
 
   # Validations
   validates :name, presence: true
+  validates :name, uniqueness: { case_sensitive: false }
   validates :company_type, inclusion: { in: %w[Product Consultancy Staffing], message: "%{value} is not a valid company type" }, allow_nil: true
   validates :size, format: { with: /\A[\d,\-\s]*\z/, message: "should be a range like '501-1,000'" }, allow_nil: true, allow_blank: true
 
@@ -64,6 +66,10 @@ def tech_stack_with_sources
 
   private
 
+  def normalize_name
+    self.name = name.to_s.squish.presence
+  end
+
   def shorten_urls
     if website_changed? && website.present? && !website.include?("is.gd")
       shortened = UrlShortenerService.shorten(website)

db/migrate/20260310120000_add_unique_index_on_companies_name.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+class AddUniqueIndexOnCompaniesName < ActiveRecord::Migration[8.0]
+  def up
+    execute <<~SQL
+      UPDATE companies
+      SET name = NULLIF(TRIM(REGEXP_REPLACE(name, '\\s+', ' ', 'g')), '')
+      WHERE name IS NOT NULL;
+    SQL
+
+    duplicate_names = select_values(<<~SQL)
+      SELECT LOWER(name)
+      FROM companies
+      WHERE name IS NOT NULL
+      GROUP BY LOWER(name)
+      HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
+    SQL
+
+    if duplicate_names.any?
+      raise ActiveRecord::IrreversibleMigration,
+            "Cannot add unique index on companies.name. Resolve duplicates first: #{duplicate_names.join(', ')}"
+    end
+
+    add_index :companies, "LOWER(name)", unique: true, name: "index_companies_on_lower_name"
+  end
+
+  def down
+    remove_index :companies, name: "index_companies_on_lower_name"
+  end
+end

spec/models/company_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+require "rails_helper"
+
+RSpec.describe Company, type: :model do
+  describe "validations" do
+    it "validates name presence" do
+      company = Company.new(name: nil, company_type: "Product")
+
+      expect(company).not_to be_valid
+      expect(company.errors[:name]).to include("can't be blank")
+    end
+
+    it "validates name uniqueness case-insensitively" do
+      Company.create!(name: "Acme Corp", company_type: "Product")
+      duplicate = Company.new(name: "acme corp", company_type: "Product")
+
+      expect(duplicate).not_to be_valid
+      expect(duplicate.errors[:name]).to include("has already been taken")
+    end
+
+    it "normalizes whitespace in name before validation" do
+      company = Company.new(name: "  New   Co  ", company_type: "Product")
+
+      company.validate
+
+      expect(company.name).to eq("New Co")
+    end
+  end
+end