Drainpipe

Drainpipe is a composer package which provides build tool and testing helpers for a Drupal site, including:

• Site and database updates
• Artifact packaging for deployment to a hosting provider
• Automated testing setup
• Integration with DDEV
• CI integration

Installation

composer config extra.drupal-scaffold.gitignore true
composer config --json extra.drupal-scaffold.allowed-packages "[\"lullabot/drainpipe\", \"lullabot/drainpipe-dev\"]"
composer require lullabot/drainpipe
composer require lullabot/drainpipe-dev --dev

and if using DDEV, restart to enable the added features:

ddev restart

This will scaffold out various files, most importantly a Taskfile.yml in the root of your repository. Task is a task runner / build tool that aims to be simpler and easier to use than, for example, GNU Make. Since it's written in Go, Task is just a single binary and has no other dependencies. It's also cross-platform with everything running through the same shell interpreter.

You can see what tasks are available after installation by running ./vendor/bin/task --list or ddev task --list if you're running DDEV. To get more information on a specific task e.g. what parameters it takes, you can run task [task name] --summary.

Your Taskfile.yml can be validated with JSON Schema:

curl -O https://taskfile.dev/schema.json
npx ajv-cli validate -s schema.json -d scaffold/Taskfile.yml

See .github/workflows/validate-taskfile.yml for an example of this in use.

💡 If your docroot is not the standard `web/` path, you must create a symlink to it
ln -s web/ docroot

Binaries

If you receive an error such as exec format error: ./vendor/bin/task, then you may have the wrong binary for your architecture. If your architecture wasn't detected correctly, please open an issue with the output of php -r "echo php_uname('m');", along with information on your hardware and operating system.

You can override the platform and processor with environment variables DRAINPIPE_PLATFORM and DRAINPIPE_PROCESSOR. Valid platform values are linux, darwin, or windows, and processors are 386, amd64, or arm64. These correspond to builds of upstream dependencies e.g. https://github.com/go-task/task/releases

---

Database Updates

The drupal:update command follows the same procedure as the 'drush deploy' command, with the exception that it runs the configuration import twice as in some cases the import can fail due to memory exhaustion before completion.

drush updatedb --no-cache-clear
drush cache:rebuild
drush config:import || true
drush config:import
drush cache:rebuild
drush deploy:hook

.env support

Drainpipe will add .env file support for managing environment variables.

This is only used for locals - other environments such as CI and production should use their native environment variable mechanisms.

This consists of:

• Creation of a .env and .env.defaults file
• Default Taskfile.yml contains dotenv support note: real environment variables will override these
• Drupal integration via vlucas/phpdotenv To enable this, add the following to your composer.json:

  "autoload-dev":
  {
    "files": [
      "vendor/lullabot/drainpipe/scaffold/env/dotenv.php"
    ]
  },
  

  You will need to restart DDEV if you make any changes to .env or.env.defaults

SASS Compilation

This compiles CSS assets using Sass. It also supports the following:

• Globbing

  // Base
  @use "sass/base/**/*";
  

• Modern Normalizer
• Autoprefixer configured through a .browserslistrc file in the project root

Setup

• Add @lullabot/drainpipe-sass to your project yarn add @lullabot/drainpipe-sass or npm install @lullabot/drainpipe-sass
• Edit Taskfile.yml and add DRAINPIPE_SASS in the vars section

  vars:
    DRAINPIPE_SASS: |
      web/themes/custom/mytheme/style.scss:web/themes/custom/mytheme/style.css
      web/themes/custom/myothertheme/style.scss:web/themes/custom/myothertheme/style.css
  

• Run task sass:compile to check it works as expected
• Run task sass:watch to check file watching works as expected
• Add the task to a task that compiles all your assets e.g.

  assets:
    desc: Builds assets such as CSS & JS
    cmds:
      - yarn install --immutable --immutable-cache --check-cache
      - task: sass:compile
      - task: javascript:compile
  assets:watch:
    desc: Builds assets such as CSS & JS, and watches them for changes
    deps: [sass:watch, javascript:watch]
  

JavaScript Compilation

JavaScript bundling support is via esbuild.

Setup

• Add @lullabot/drainpipe-javascript to your project yarn add @lullabot/drainpipe-javascript or npm install @lullabot/drainpipe-javascript
• Edit Taskfile.yml and add DRAINPIPE_JAVASCRIPT in the vars section

  DRAINPIPE_JAVASCRIPT: |
    web/themes/custom/mytheme/script.js:web/themes/custom/mytheme/script.min.js
    web/themes/custom/myotherthemee/script.js:web/themes/custom/myothertheme/script.min.js
  

  Source and target need to have the same basedir (web or docroot) due to being unable to provide separate entryNames. See evanw/esbuild#224
• Run task javascript:compile to check it works as expected
• Run task javascript:watch to check file watching works as expected
• Add the task to a task that compiles all your assets e.g.

  assets:
    desc: Builds assets such as CSS & JS
    cmds:
      - yarn install --immutable --immutable-cache --check-cache
      - task: sass:compile
      - task: javascript:compile
  assets:watch:
    desc: Builds assets such as CSS & JS, and watches them for changes
    deps: [sass:watch, javascript:watch]
  

Testing

This is provided by the separate drainpipe-dev package (so the development/testing dependencies aren't installed in production builds).

Static Tests

All the below static code analysis tests can be run with task test:static

Test Type	Task Command	Description
Security	task test:security	Runs security checks for composer packages against the FriendsOfPHP Security Advisory Database and Drupal core and contributed modules against Drupal's Security Advisories.
Lint	task test:lint	- YAML lint on .yml files in the web directory - Twig lint on files in web/modules, web/profiles, and web/themes - composer validate These cannot currently be customised. See #9.
PHPStan	task test:phpstan	Runs PHPStan with mglaman/phpstan-drupal onweb/modules/custom, web/themes/custom, and web/sites.
PHPUnit	task test:phpunit:static	Runs Unit tests in web/modules/custom/**/tests/src/Unit and test/phpunit/**/Unit
PHPCS	task test:phpcs	Runs PHPCS with Drupal coding standards provided by [Coder module](https://www.drupal.org/project/coder

Altering PHP_CodeSniffer Configuration

• Create phpcs.xml to override the phpcs.xml.dist file with overrides being done in:

  <rule ref="phpcs.xml.dist">
  </rule>
  

• Edit phpcs.xml in the root of your project, e.g. to add an exclude pattern:

  <!-- Custom excludes -->
  <exclude-pattern>web/sites/sites.php</exclude-pattern>
  

Functional Tests

Functional tests require some mechanism of creating a functing Drupal site to test against. All the below tests can be run with task test:functional

PHPUnit

task test:phpunit:functional

Runs PHPUnit tests in:

• web/modules/custom/**/tests/src/Kernel
• test/phpunit/**/Kernel
• web/modules/custom/**/tests/src/Functional
• test/phpunit/**/Functional
• web/modules/custom/**/tests/src/FunctionalJavaScript
• test/phpunit/**/FunctionalJavaScript

You will need to make sure you have a working Drupal site before you're able to run these.

Support for Drupal Test Traits is included, set this in your Taskfile.yml vars:

vars:
  DRUPAL_TEST_TRAITS: true

This will additionally look for tests in:

• web/modules/custom/**/tests/src/ExistingSite
• test/phpunit/**/ExistingSite
• web/modules/custom/**/tests/src/ExistingSiteJavascript
• test/phpunit/**/ExistingSiteJavascript

beware: DTT tests will run against the main working Drupal site rather than installing a new instance in isolation

Nightwatch

task test:nightwatch

Runs functional browser tests with Nightwatch.

Run test:nightwatch:setup to help you setup your project to run Nightwatch tests by installing the necessary node packages and DDEV configurations.

If you are using DDEV, Drainpipe will have created a .ddev/docker-compose.selenium.yaml file that provides standalone Firefox and Chrome as containers, as well as an example test in test/nightwatch/example.nightwatch.js.

To run the above test you will need to have a working Drupal installation in the Firefox and Chrome containers. You can run the test:nightwatch:siteinstall helper task to run the Drupal site installer for both sites with your existing configuration.

After you've verified this test works, you can ignore it in your composer.json:

"extra": {
        "drupal-scaffold": {
            "file-mapping": {
                "[project-root]/test/nightwatch/example.nightwatch.js": {
			"mode": "skip"
		}
	}
}

Nightwatch tests must have the suffix .nightwatch.js to be recognised by the test runner.

Whilst tests are running, you can view them in realtime through your browser.

https://:7900 for Chrome https://:7901 for Firefox

The password for all environments is secret.

Autofix

task test:autofix attempts to autofix any issues discovered by tests. Currently, this is just fixing PHPCS errors with PHPCBF.

Hosting Provider Integration

Generic

Generic helpers for deployments can be found in tasks/snapshot.yml, tasks/deploy.yml, and tasks/drupal.yml

task deploy:git	Pushes a directory to a git remote
task drupal:composer:development	Install composer dependencies
task drupal:composer:production	Install composer dependencies without devDependencies
task drupal:export-db	Exports a database fetched with a *:fetch-db command
task drupal:import-db	Imports a database fetched with a *:fetch-db command
task drupal:install	Runs the site installer
task drupal:maintenance:off	Turn off Maintenance Mode
task drupal:maintenance:on	Turn on Maintenance Mode
task drupal:update	Run Drupal update tasks after deploying new code
task snapshot:archive	Creates a snapshot of the current working directory and exports as an archive
task snapshot:directory	Creates a snapshot of the current working directory

Importing/Exporting Databases

Databases are by default fetched to /var/www/html/files/db/db.sql.gz, this can be overridden with a variable in Task:

`task drupal:import-db DB_DIR="/var/www/htdocs"`

Snapshots

When creating a snapshot of the current working directly files can be excluded using a .drainpipeignore file in the root of the repository that uses the same format as .gitignore, e.g.

# Files that won't be deployed to Pantheon
/.ddev
/.github
/.yarn
/files/db
/tests
/.env
/.env.defaults
/README.md
/Taskfile.yml
*.sql
*.sql.gz

This folder can then be deployed to a remote service either as an archive, or pushed to a git remote with task deploy:git.

Pantheon

Pantheon specific tasks are contained in tasks/pantheon.yml. Add the following to your Taskfile.yml's includes section to use them:

includes:
  pantheon: ./vendor/lullabot/drainpipe/tasks/pantheon.yml

task pantheon:fetch-db	Fetches a database from Pantheon. Set PANTHEON_SITE_ID in Taskfile vars
	and optionally ENVIRONMENT to override the default value of live

See below for CI specific integrations for hosting providers.

When using Pantheon with Drainpipe, the Pantheon site should be configured to override some of Pantheon's default behaviors. Because Drainpipe installs composer dependencies, Pantheon's Integrated Composer should be disabled. Add build_step: false to your pantheon.yml file:

---
api_version: 1
build_step: false

Additionally, Pantheon sites start with "Autopilot", which provides updates from the Drupal upstream. Usually this feature conflicts with an external Git repository such as GitHub or GitLab. It is recommended to disable this by setting an empty upstream with terminus.

ddev ssh
terminus site:upstream:set [site_name] empty

GitHub Actions Integration

Add the following to composer.json for generic GitHub Actions that will be copied to .github/actions/drainpipe in your project:

"extra": {
  "drainpipe": {
    "github": []
  }
}

They are composite actions which can be used in any of your workflows e.g.

- uses: ./.github/actions/drainpipe/set-env

- name: Install and Start DDEV
  uses: ./.github/actions/drainpipe/ddev
  with:
    git-name: Drainpipe Bot
    git-email: no-reply@example.com
    ssh-private-key: ${{ secrets.SSH_PRIVATE_KEY }}
    ssh-known-hosts: ${{ secrets.SSH_KNOWN_HOSTS }}

Tests can be run locally with act: act -P ubuntu-latest=ghcr.io/catthehacker/ubuntu:runner-latest -j Static-Tests

Tests

Workflows for running static and functional tests can be added with the following configuration:

"extra": {
  "drainpipe": {
    "github": ["TestStatic", "TestFunctional"]
  }
}

The build process for the functional tests will use task build:ci:functional, falling back to task build:dev, and then task build. The static tests should not require a build step.

These workflow flies will continue to be managed by Drainpipe and cannot be overridden. If you wish to do so then it's recommended you maintain your own workflows for testing.

Security

"extra": {
  "drainpipe": {
    "github": ["Security"]
  }
}

Runs security checks for composer packages and Drupal contrib, as well as posting a diff of composer.lock as a review comment.

Composer Lock Diff (Deprecated)

This is now provided as part of the Security workflow

Update Pull Request descriptions with a markdown table of any changes detected in composer.lock using composer-lock-diff.

"extra": {
    "drainpipe": {
        "github": ["ComposerLockDiff"]
    }
}

Pantheon

To enable deployment of Pantheon Review Apps:

• Add the following composer.json

  "extra": {
      "drainpipe": {
          "github": ["PantheonReviewApps"]
      }
  }

• Run composer install to install the workflow to .github/workflows
• Add the following variables to your GitHub repository:
  • PANTHEON_SITE_NAME The canonical site name in Pantheon
  • TERMINUS_PLUGINS (optional) Comma-separated list of Terminus plugins to be available
• Add the following secrets to your GitHub repository:
  • PANTHEON_TERMINUS_TOKEN See https://pantheon.io/docs/terminus/install#machine-token
  • SSH_PRIVATE_KEY A private key of a user which can push to Pantheon
  • SSH_KNOWN_HOSTS The result of running ssh-keyscan -H -p 2222 codeserver.dev.$PANTHEON_SITE_ID.drush.in
  • PANTHEON_REVIEW_USERNAME (optional) A username for HTTP basic auth local
  • PANTHEON_REVIEW_PASSWORD (optional) The password to lock the site with

GitLab CI Integration

Add the following to composer.json for GitLab helpers:

"extra": {
  "drainpipe": {
    "gitlab": []
  }
}

This will import scaffold/gitlab/Common.gitlab-ci.yml, which provides helpers that can be used in GitLab CI with includes and references, or scaffold/gitlab/DDEV.gitlab-ci.yml if you are using DDEV.

include:
  - local: '.gitlab/drainpipe/DDEV.gitlab-ci.ymll'

variables:
  DRAINPIPE_DDEV_GIT_EMAIL: drainpipe-bot@example.com
  DRAINPIPE_DDEV_GIT_NAME: Drainpipe Bot

build:
  stage: build
  interruptible: true
  script:
    - !reference [.drainpipe_setup_ddev, script]
    - composer install
    - ddev restart
    - ddev drush site:install minimal -y
    - echo "\$settings['config_sync_directory'] = '../config';" >> web/sites/default/settings.php
    - ddev drush config:export -y
    - ddev task update

Available variables are:

Variable
DRAINPIPE_DDEV_SSH_PRIVATE_KEY	SSH private key used for e.g. committing to git
DRAINPIPE_DDEV_SSH_KNOWN_HOSTS	The result of running e.g. ssh-keyscan -H -p 2222 codeserver.dev.$PANTHEON_SITE_ID.drush.in
DRAINPIPE_DDEV_GIT_EMAIL	E-mail address to use for git commits
DRAINPIPE_DDEV_GIT_NAME	Name to use for git commits
DRAINPIPE_DDEV_COMPOSER_CACHE_DIR	Set to "false" to disable composer cache dir, or another value to override the default location of .ddev/.drainpipe-composer-cache
DRAINPIPE_DDEV_VERSION	Install a specific version of DDEV instead of the latest

Composer Lock Diff

Updates Merge Request descriptions with a markdown table of any changes detected in composer.lock using composer-lock-diff. Requires GITLAB_ACCESS_TOKEN variable to be set, which is an access token with api scope.

"extra": {
    "drainpipe": {
        "gitlab": ["ComposerLockDiff"]
    }
}

Pantheon

"extra": {
    "drainpipe": {
        "gitlab": ["Pantheon", "Pantheon Review Apps"]
    }
}

• Add the following the composer.json to enable deployment of Pantheon Review Apps

  "extra": {
      "drainpipe": {
          "github": ["PantheonReviewApps"]
      }
  }

• Run composer install
• Add your Pantheon site-name to the last job in the new workflow file at .github/workflows/PantheonReviewApps.yml
• Add the following variables to your GitLab repository:
  • PANTHEON_TERMINUS_TOKEN See https://pantheon.io/docs/terminus/install#machine-token (enable the Mask variable checkbox)
  • SSH_PRIVATE_KEY A private key of a user which can push to Pantheon (enable the Mask variable checkbox)
  • SSH_KNOWN_HOSTS The result of running ssh-keyscan -H -p 2222 codeserver.dev.$PANTHEON_SITE_ID.drush.in (enable the Mask variable checkbox)
  • TERMINUS_PLUGINS Comma-separated list of Terminus plugins to be available (optional)

This will setup Merge Request deployment to Pantheon Multidev environments. See [scaffold/gitlab/gitlab-ci.example.yml] for an example. You can also just include which will give you helpers that you can include and reference for tasks such as setting up Terminus. See scaffold/gitlab/Pantheon.gitlab-ci.yml.

Tugboat

Add the following to composer.json to add Tugboat configuration:

{
    "extra": {
        "drainpipe": {
            "tugboat": {}
        }
    }
}

The following will be autodetected based on your .ddev/config.yml:

• Web server (nginx or apache)
• PHP version
• Database type and version
• nodejs version
• Redis (Obtained with ddev get ddev/ddev-redis)

Additionally, Pantheon Terminus can be added:

{
    "extra": {
        "drainpipe": {
            "tugboat": {
              "terminus": true
            }
        }
    }
}

It is assumed the following tasks exist:

• sync
• build
• update

The build, sync, and update tasks can be overridden with sync:tugboat, build:tugboat, and update:tugboat tasks if required (you will need to re-run composer install to regenerate the Tugboat scripts if you are adding this task to your Taskfile.yml for the first time).

  sync:
    desc: "Fetches a database from Pantheon and imports it"
    cmds:
      - task: pantheon:fetch-db
      - task: drupal:import-db
  sync:tugboat:
    desc: "Fetches a database from Pantheon and imports it in Tugboat"
    cmds:
      - task: pantheon:fetch-db
        vars:
          DB_DIR: /var/lib/tugboat/files/db
      - task: drupal:import-db
        vars:
          DB_DIR: /var/lib/tugboat/files/db

💡 composer install should be re-run if any changes are made to the DDEV configuration.

You can hook into the init step of images by adding them to your Taskfile.yml, e.g.

tugboat:php:init:
  cmds:
    - apt-get install -y libldap2-dev
    - docker-php-ext-install ldap

You can additionally add an online step by adding a task named online:tugboat and re-running composer install.

Drainpipe will fully manage your .tugboat/config.yml file, you should not edit it. The following keys can be added to your config.yml via a .tugboat/config.drainppipe-override.yml file:

php:
  aliases:
  urls:
  screenshot:
  visualdiff:

Contributor Docs

This repo is public.

Please be careful to remove sensitive customer specifics when posting Issues or comments.

First time contributors need a maintainers approval for automated tests to run. (This is so we aren't at risk of getting a big CI bill accidentally, or maliciously.)

Peer Reviewing by looking at PR code changes is nice.

Testing PR code changes on real sites is extra beneficial.

Local Development

In order to test local changes follow the instructions for the test script.

Peer Review Guidelines for Automated Updates

These are guidelines for conducting peer reviews on automated dependency update pull requests created by Renovate.

All automated updates submitted by Renovate undergo a series of automated tests via GitHub Actions. These tests are designed to ensure compatibility and stability with the new versions of dependencies.

All Renovate peer reviews regardless if they're a minor or patch release require:

1. Reading the change logs carefully to understand the new features and fixes.
   • Assess if the changes necessitate additional test coverage or could potentially impact existing functionality.
   • Consider the implications of new features on the project's future development and maintenance.
2. All tests and checks must pass

Handling Version Ranges

Some dependencies allow multiple versions, like "drush/drush": "^10|^11|^12".

• Renovate will create pull requests when any of these versions get patch or minor releases.
• We DO NOT want to merge these, because it would pin these packages to a specific version.
• We DO want to allow these pull requests to run checks. This will confirm that the latest version within the range Drainpipe supports is unlikely break builds.
• After all GitHub Action checks pass, leave a comment on the pull request stating such, close the pull request, and delete the branch.

Handling Test Failures

Occasionally, tests may fail due to transient issues or flakiness in the test suite. In such cases:

1. Verify the nature of the test failure to ensure it's not related to the dependency update.
2. If the failure seems unrelated to the update, re-run the GitHub Actions job to confirm if the issue persists.
3. Document any recurring flakiness or issues on the pull request then create a new issue linked to the pull request for further investigation.

Conducting the Peer Review

1. Review the Automated Update Pull Request (PR):

   • Ensure the PR title and description clearly describe the update and its scope.
   • Check the list of changed files to understand the extent of the update.

2. Assess Test Results:

   • Ensure all GitHub Actions tests have passed. Pay close attention to tests that touch on updated dependencies.
   • For failed tests, follow the "Handling Test Failures" guidelines above.

3. Read the Dependency Change Logs:

   • For minor point releases, review the dependency's change logs to identify any significant changes or additions.
   • Evaluate how these changes might affect the Drainpipe project.

4. Final Decision:

   • For patch releases with all tests passing, proceed to merge the update.
   • For minor point releases, after thorough review and consideration, decide whether to merge the update or request manual testing before merging.

Releases

drainpipe and drainpipe-dev release process

When making a release, increase the version based on https://semver.org/

MAJOR version when you make incompatible API changes MINOR version when you add functionality in a backward compatible manner PATCH version when you make backward compatible bug fixes

Specifically for drainpipe, when a new "check" is added, that might break builds in projects, that would usually be a MINOR release, with a release note about the change.

Before making a new release, post in the lullabot internal #devops slack channel to coordinate with other maintainers.

1. Generate a GitHub release for drainpipe
2. Supply the correct tag based on the changes and semantic versioning standards.
3. Use the Generate release notes button and review the changes to confirm the new version is correct based on semantic versioning.
4. Set this release as latest and publish.
5. The release when published will automatically kick off a release of drainpipe-dev using the DrainpipeDev GitHub workflow.
6. Visit the project board and archive the Ready to Release column.

NPM package release process

To generate new NPM package releases:

1. Have the latest main branch checked out locally
2. Run yarn install && yarn lerna publish