This document answers the most frequently asked questions in the KodeKloud Slack channels. We will be adding to this list periodically.
- Exam Environment
- Kubernetes CKA/CKAD
- Kubernetes Challenges
- YAML Syntax
- See the dedicated YAML FAQ
- Useful Links
Probably the most asked questions! This pertains to the new PSI Bridge Proctoring Platform that went live for the Kubernetes exams on 25 June 2022.
Many people also ask "Can I use external webcam?", "Can I use bluetooth mouse?" etc. From the point of view of the system check, the PSI sofware will simply query the operating system. It will expect to find the following devices, and it doesn't matter how they are connected (built-in, wired, RF wireless, bluetooth, USB, via docking station, etc., etc.):
- One active monitor
- Mouse
- Keyboard
- Microphone
- Camera
In addition to the Q&A below, you can also watch our video on this subject.
Yes
...but read the next question too.
No
You are permitted to use one active monitor. All other monitors must be disabled, and the PSI Secure software will check your display settings to confirm only one monitor is active.
This can be the laptop display, or an externally connected display. If using an external monitor connected to laptop, the laptop display must be disabled, either using display settings or by closing the lid.
If using a desktop computer with multiple monitors, disable all but your best one in display settings.
TIP: You are strongly advised not to rely on a small laptop screen (like 13 or 14 inch). Your workspace will be extremely tiny, worse if you rely on scaling the font size up. A monitor of higher than HD resolution running at 100% scale and large enough that you can read the text is highly recommended. Anything less than full HD is seriously disadvantageous!
Yes
If you are working with laptop lid closed, then this is your only option. It doesn't have to be mega-expensive, it should be full HD and work.
Due to the nature of the check-in process for the exam, it's actually easier to use an external webcam, since you have to move it around a lot to cover everything that the proctor requires you to video - including 360 of room, all of desk area (left, right, up, down), all around your head and wrists too.
Note that you should practice getting a clear shot of your ID using your webcam well before exam day. Even consider building something to hold the ID card steady using your kids lego or something :-)
Yes
Proctor needs to be able to hear if anybody is talking to you from outside the camera's view.
No
Proctor will only communicate with you via webchat built into the PSI software.
No
Because you cannot run your own browser. The only software that may be running on your desktop at exam time is the PSI software. Each question has several relevant links into the Kubernetes documentation. Clicking these links opens tabs in Firefox within the exam environment. You can visit any of the allowed documentation using the provided Firefox.
No
The only software that may be running is the PSI software, therefore you must memorize such things and enter them up manually at the beginning of the exam.
Please see PSI Bridge Requirements and Exam System Requirements (Linux Foundation)
The PSI document states a minimum screen resolution of 1368x769, but we really would not recommend that. See the section on monitors above.
See also this detailed write-up on events for exam day.
Any national or state government issued photo ID where the name exactly matches the name you gave when registering for the exam. If your primary ID is in a language that uses non-Latin characters (e.g. Arabic, Greek, Russian etc.), then you must provide an additional form of ID that has your name as written in English.
Please carefully read Exam ID requirements.
See the dedicated etcd FAQ
See the dedicated etcd FAQ
If you are required to install any software or 3rd party Kubernetes applications, then the question will tell you where to obtain the files/packages you need.
Note that for e.g. cluster upgrades, then apt package manager should work exactly as you have practiced in labs.
As you most likely know, the Dockershim layer is removed in Kubernetes 1.24. This means that the docker command is also likely not installed.
For examining and working with containers at that level, you should find that one, other or both of crictl and podman will be present, depending on the exam requirements.
podmancan be used for creating containers from Dockerfiles. It has the same arguments asdocker, and fully supports Dockerfile syntax. It should be able to do most, if not all of what thedockercommand can. On newer versions of CentOS,podmanis installed by default if you doyum install docker, and it places a shell script for thedockercommand which invokespodman.crictlcan be used for controlling containers, like listing running containers and getting logs. It too has the same arguments as the correspondingdockercommands.
Find out which of these are installed by running these commands in the terminal
which docker
which crictl
which podmanAll the icons are green, yet it still says "tasks incomplete".
Notice the red arrow between users and gop-fs-service. Click this to reveal the final task.
- Exam System Requirements (Linux Foundation)
- PSI Bridge Requirements
- Exam Workspace Requirements
- Exam ID requirements
- Exam Desktop
- Detailed write-up on exam procedure by Alistair Mackay (KodeKloud)
- Video presentation on the new exam environment
- Specific Questions About Exam. Login here with your Linux Foundation credentials. You can raise a ticket to ask questions about anything to do with the exam. The answers you receive here are the ultimate source of truth and trump anything you may read on this page or in any public discussion forums. Expect 2-3 days for a response.
Should a response from Linux Foundation contradict anything on this page, please reach out to a member of the support team in Slack. Thanks!
KodeKloud Team.