NAME
    GeoDNA - Encode latitude and longitude in a useful string format
    There's an interactive demo of this at
    http://www.geodna.org/docs/google-maps.html

SYNOPSIS
     <script type="text/javascript" src="geodna.js"></script>

     var geo = GeoDNA.encode( -41.288889, 174.777222, { precision: 22 } );
     console.log( geo );
     > etctttagatagtgacagtcta

     var coords = GeoDNA.decode( geo );
     console.log( coords[0], coords[1] );
     > -41.288889, 174.777222

VERSION
        0.04

FEATURES
    * Simple API
        Generally you just convert coordinates back and forth with simple
        function calls.

    * Fast
        It's just basic space partitioning, really.

DESCRIPTION
    This is a javascript version of the Python "geoprint" system that we developed
    a few years back at Action Without Borders.

    Its purpose is to encode a latitude/longitude pair in a string format
    that can be used in text databases to locate items by proximity. For
    example, if Wellington, New Zealand has the GeoDNA(10) value of

    etctttagat

    (which it does), then you can chop characters off the end of that to
    expand the area around Wellington. You can easily tell if items are
    close together because (for the most part) their GeoDNA will have the
    same prefix. For example, Palmerston North, New Zealand, has a
    GeoDNA(10) code of

    etctttaatc

    which has the same initial 7 characters.

    The original implementation of this in Python was by Michel Pelletier.

    This uses a concept that is very similar to Gustavo Niemeyer's geohash
    system ( http://geohash.org ), but encodes the latitude and longitude in
    a way that is more conducive to stem-based searching (which is probably
    the most common use of these hashing systems).

  FUNCTIONS

    GeoDNA.encode
      var code = GeoDNA.encode( latitude, longitude, options );

    Returns a GeoDNA code (which is a string) for latitude, longitude.
    Possible options are:

    radians : true/false
        A true value means the latitude and longitude are in radians.

    precision : Integer (defaults to 22)
        number of characters in the GeoDNA code. Note that any more than
        22 chars and you're kinda splitting hairs.


    GeoDNA.decode
     var coords = GeoDNA.decode( code, options )

    Returns the latitude and longitude encoded within a GeoDNA code.

    radians : true/false
        If true, the values returned will be in radians.


    GeoDNA.neighbours
     var neighbours = GeoDNA.neighbours( code );

    Returns an array of the 8 GeoDNA codes representing boxes of equal
    size around the one represented by code. This is very useful for
    proximity searching, because you can generate these GeoDNA codes, and
    then using only textual searching (eg. a SQL "LIKE" operator), you can
    locate any items within any of those boxes.

    The precision (ie. string length) of the GeoDNA codes will be the same
    as code.


    GeoDNA.neighboursWithinRadius
     var neighbours = GeoDNA.neighboursWithinRadius( code, radius, options );

    Returns a raw list of GeoDNA codes of a certain size contained within the
    radius (specified in kilometres) about the point represented by a
    code.

    The size of the returned codes will either be specified in options, or
    will be the default (11).

    precision: N
        If this is present, the returned GeoDNA codes will have this size.


    GeoDNA.reduce
     var neighbours = GeoDNA.reduce( neighbours )

    Given an array of GeoDNA codes of arbitrary size (eg. as returned by
    the "neighboursWithinRadius" function), this will return the minimal set
    of GeoDNA codes (of any sizes) that exactly cover the same area.  This is
    important because it can massively reduce the number of comparisons you
    have to do in order to perform stem-matching, *and* more crucially, if
    you *don't* reduce the list, you *can't* perform stem matching.



    GeoDNA.boundingBox
     var coords = GeoDNA.boundingBox( code );

    This returns an array containing two arrays:

     [ [ minimum latitude,  maximum latitude  ],
       [ minimum longitude, maximum longitude ],
     ]

TODO
    * Add conveniences to help you with prefix-based searching
        At present you have to understand how this geometry works fairly
        well in order to get the most out of this module.

    * Bulletproofing
        It's not particularly well-tested. And there is the boundary-problem
        in that two very close-by locations can have radically different
        GeoDNA codes if they are on different sides of a partition. This
        is not a problem if you use the neighbouring GeoDNA codes of your
        reference point to do proximity searching, but if you don't know how
        to do that, it will make life hard for you.

BUGS
    Please report bugs relevant to `GeoDNA' to <info[at]kyledawkins.com>.

CONTRIBUTING
    The github repository is at
    git://github.com/quile/geodna-js.git

SEE ALSO
    Some other stuff.

AUTHOR
    Kyle Dawkins, <info[at]kyledawkins.com>

COPYRIGHT
    Copyright 2012 by Kyle Dawkins