Adds spec for #17260 and #17231

Adds specs for one-line pattern matching syntax in Ruby 3.0+, including
both Righthand Assignment (`=>`) and one-line match (`in`).

language/pattern_matching_spec.rb

@@ -10,12 +10,49 @@
     end
 
     ruby_version_is "3.0" do
-      it "can be standalone assoc operator that deconstructs value" do
-        suppress_warning do
-          eval(<<-RUBY).should == [0, 1]
-            [0, 1] => [a, b]
-            [a, b]
-          RUBY
+      describe "Rightward assignment (`=>`)" do
+        it "can be standalone assoc operator that deconstructs value" do
+          suppress_warning do
+            eval(<<~RUBY).should == [0, 1]
+              [0, 1] => [a, b]
+              [a, b]
+            RUBY
+          end
+        end
+
+        it "can work with keywords" do
+          suppress_warning do
+            eval(<<~RUBY).should == [0, 1]
+              { a: 0, b: 1 } => { a:, b: }
+              [a, b]
+            RUBY
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      describe "One-line pattern matching" do
+        it "can be used to check if a pattern matches for Array-like entities" do
+          suppress_warning do
+            eval(<<~RUBY).should == true
+              [0, 1] in [a, b]
+            RUBY
+
+            eval(<<~RUBY).should == false
+              [0, 1] in [a, b, c]
+            RUBY
+          end
+        end
+
+        it "can be used to check if a pattern matches for Hash-like entities" do
+          suppress_warning do
+            eval(<<~RUBY).should == true
+              { a: 0, b: 1 } in { a:, b: }
+            RUBY
+
+            eval(<<~RUBY).should == false
+              { a: 0, b: 1 } in { a:, b:, c: }
+            RUBY
+          end
         end
       end
     end
@@ -1136,6 +1173,16 @@ def ===(obj)
       end
     end
 
+    ruby_version_is ""..."2.7" do
+      it "raises NoMatchingPatternError if no pattern matches for one-line patterns" do
+        -> {
+          eval <<~RUBY
+            0 in 1
+          RUBY
+        }.should raise_error(NoMatchingPatternError, /\[0, 1\]/)
+      end
+    end
+
     ruby_version_is "3.1" do
       it "can omit parentheses in one line pattern matching" do
         eval(<<~RUBY).should == [1, 2]