Python module dependency visualization. This package installs the pydeps
command, and normal usage will be to use it from the command line.
pip install pydeps
From the shell:
shell> pydeps [flags] module-directory
Detailed usage examples can be found below the version history.
Creating the graph:
To create graphs you need to install Graphviz Please follow the
installation instructions provided in the Graphviz link (and make
sure the dot command is on your path).
Displaying the graph:
To display the resulting .svg files, pydeps by default
calls firefox foo.svg. This is can be overridden with
the --display PROGRAM option, where PROGRAM is an
executable that can display the image file of the graph.
Feature requests and bug reports:
Please report bugs and feature requests on GitHub at https://github.com/thebjorn/pydeps/issues
Version 1.9.0 supports Python 3.8.
Version 1.8.7 includes a new flag --rmprefix which lets you remove
prefixes from the node-labels in the graph. The _name_ of the nodes are not effected
so this does not cause merging of nodes, nor does it change coloring - but it
can lead to multiple nodes with the same label (hovering over the node will
give the full name). Thanks to aroberge for the enhancement request.
Version 1.8.5 With svg as the output format (which is the default), paths are now hilighted on mouse hover (thanks to tomasito665 for the enhancement request).
Version 1.8.2 incldes a new flag --only that causes pydeps to
only report on the paths specified:
shell> pydeps mypackage --only mypackage.a mypackage.b
Version 1.8.0 includes 4 new flags for drawing external dependencies as clusters. See below for examples. Additionally, the arrowheads now have the color of the source node.
Version 1.7.3 includes a new flag -xx or --exclude-exact which
matches the functionality of the --exclude flag, except it requires an
exact match, i.e. -xx foo.bar will exclude foo.bar, but not
foo.bar.blob (thanks to AvenzaOleg for the PR).
Version 1.7.2 includes a new flag, --no-output, which prevents
creation of the .svg/.png file.
Version 1.7.1 fixes excludes in .pydeps files (thanks to eqvis for the bug report).
Version 1.7.0 The new --reverse flag reverses the direction
of the arrows in the dependency graph, so they point _to_ the imported
module instead of _from_ the imported module (thanks to goetzk for
the bug report and tobiasmaier for the PR!).
Version 1.5.0 Python 3 support (thanks to eight04 for the PR).
Version 1.3.4 --externals will now include modules that
haven't been installed (what modulefinder calls badmodules).
Version 1.2.8 A shortcut for finding the direct external dependencies of a package was added:
pydeps --externals mypackage
which will print a json formatted list of module names to the screen, e.g.:
(dev) go|c:\srv\lib\dk-tasklib> pydeps --externals dktasklib
[
"dkfileutils"
]
which means that the dktasklib package only depends on the dkfileutils
package.
This functionality is also available programmatically:
import os
from pydeps.pydeps import externals
# the directory that contains setup.py (one level up from actual package):
os.chdir('package-directory')
print externals('mypackage')
Version 1.2.5: The defaults are now sensible, such that:
shell> pydeps mypackage
will likely do what you want. It is the same as
pydeps --show --max-bacon=2 mypackage which means display the
dependency graph in your browser, but limit it to two hops (which
includes only the modules that your module imports -- not continuing
down the import chain). The old default behavior is available with
pydeps --noshow --max-bacon=0 mypackage.
This is the result of running pydeps on itself (pydeps pydeps):
(full disclosure: this is for an early version of pydeps)
pydeps also contains an Erdős-like scoring function (a.k.a. Bacon
number, from Six degrees of Kevin Bacon
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Degrees_of_Kevin_Bacon) that lets
you filter out modules that are more than a given number of 'hops'
away from the module you're interested in. This is useful for finding
the interface a module has to the rest of the world.
To find pydeps' interface to the Python stdlib (less some very common modules).
shell> pydeps pydeps --show --max-bacon 2 --pylib -x os re types _* enum
--max-bacon 2 (the default) gives the modules that are at most 2
hops away, and modules that belong together have similar colors.
Compare that to the output with the --max-bacon=0 (infinite)
filter:
All options can also be set in a .pydeps file using .ini file
syntax (parsable by ConfigParser). Command line options override
options in the .pydeps file in the current directory, which again
overrides options in the user's home directory
(%USERPROFILE%\.pydeps on Windows and ${HOME}/.pydeps
otherwise).
An example .pydeps file:
[pydeps]
max_bacon = 2
verbose = 0
pylib = False
exclude =
os
re
sys
collections
__future__
pydeps can detect and display cycles with the --show-cycles
parameter. This will _only_ display the cycles, and for big libraries
it is not a particularly fast operation. Given a folder with the
following contents (this uses yaml to define a directory structure,
like in the tests):
relimp:
- __init__.py
- a.py: |
from . import b
- b.py: |
from . import a
pydeps relimp --show-cycles displays:
Running pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 on version 1.8.0 of pydeps gives the following graph:
If you are not interested in the internal structure of external modules, you can add the --cluster flag, which
will collapse external modules into folder-shaped objects:
shell> pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 --cluster
To see the internal structure _and_ delineate external modules, use the --max-cluster-size flag, which controls
how many nodes can be in a cluster before it is collapsed to a folder icon:
shell> pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 --cluster --max-cluster-size=1000
or, using a smaller max-cluster-size:
shell> pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 --cluster --max-cluster-size=3
To remove clusters with too few nodes, use the --min-cluster-size flag:
shell> pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 --cluster --max-cluster-size=3 --min-cluster-size=2
In some situations it can be useful to draw the target module as a cluster:
shell> pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 --cluster --max-cluster-size=3 --min-cluster-size=2 --keep-target-cluster
..and since the cluster boxes include the module name, we can remove those prefixes:
shell> pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 --cluster --max-cluster-size=3 --min-cluster-size=2 --keep-target-cluster --rmprefix pydeps. stdlib_list.
An attempt has been made to keep the intermediate formats readable,
eg. the output from pydeps --show-deps .. looks like this:
...
"pydeps.mf27": {
"imported_by": [
"__main__",
"pydeps.py2depgraph"
],
"kind": "imp.PY_SOURCE",
"name": "pydeps.mf27",
"path": "pydeps\\mf27.py"
},
"pydeps.py2depgraph": {
"imported_by": [
"__main__",
"pydeps.pydeps"
],
"imports": [
"pydeps.depgraph",
"pydeps.mf27"
],
"kind": "imp.PY_SOURCE",
"name": "pydeps.py2depgraph",
"path": "pydeps\\py2depgraph.py"
}, ...
usage: pydeps [-h] [--debug] [--config FILE] [--no-config] [--version]
[-L LOG] [-v] [-o file] [-T FORMAT] [--display PROGRAM]
[--noshow] [--show-deps] [--show-raw-deps] [--show-dot]
[--nodot] [--no-output] [--show-cycles] [--debug-mf INT]
[--noise-level INT] [--max-bacon INT] [--pylib] [--pylib-all]
[--include-missing] [-x PATTERN [PATTERN ...]]
[-xx MODULE [MODULE ...]] [--only MODULE_PATH [MODULE_PATH ...]]
[--externals] [--reverse] [--cluster] [--min-cluster-size INT]
[--max-cluster-size INT] [--keep-target-cluster]
[--rmprefix PREFIX [PREFIX ...]]
fname
- positional arguments:
- fname filename
- optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit --config FILE specify config file --no-config disable processing of config files --version print pydeps version -L LOG, --log LOG set log-level to one of CRITICAL, ERROR, WARNING, INFO, DEBUG, NOTSET. -v, --verbose be more verbose (-vv, -vvv for more verbosity) -o file write output to 'file' -T FORMAT output format (svg|png) --display PROGRAM program to use to display the graph (png or svg file depending on the T parameter) --noshow don't call external program to display graph --show-deps show output of dependency analysis --show-raw-deps show output of dependency analysis before removing skips --show-dot show output of dot conversion --nodot skip dot conversion --no-output don't create .svg/.png file, implies --no-show (-t/-o will be ignored) --show-cycles show only import cycles --debug turn on all the show and verbose options (mainly for debugging pydeps itself) --noise-level INT exclude sources or sinks with degree greater than noise-level --max-bacon INT exclude nodes that are more than n hops away (default=2, 0 -> infinite) --pylib include python std lib modules --pylib-all include python all std lib modules (incl. C modules) --x PATTERN, --exclude PATTERN input files to skip (e.g. foo.*), multiple patterns can be provided --xx MODULE, --exclude-exact MODULE same as --exclude, except requires the full match. -xx foo.bar will exclude foo.bar, but not foo.bar.blob --only MODULE_PATH only include modules that start with MODULE_PATH, multiple paths can be provided --externals create list of direct external dependencies --reverse draw arrows to (instead of from) imported modules --cluster draw external dependencies as separate clusters --min-cluster-size INT the minimum number of nodes a dependency must have before being clustered (default=0) --max-cluster-size INT the maximum number of nodes a dependency can have before the cluster is collapsed to a single node (default=0) --keep-target-cluster draw target module as a cluster --rmprefix PREFIX remove PREFIX from the displayed name of the nodes (multiple prefixes can be provided)
You can of course import pydeps from Python (look in the
tests/test_relative_imports.py file for examples.
- Fork it
- It is appreciated (but not required) if you raise an issue first: https://github.com/thebjorn/pydeps/issues
- Create your feature branch (git checkout -b my-new-feature)
- Commit your changes (git commit -am 'Add some feature')
- Push to the branch (git push origin my-new-feature)
- Create new Pull Request