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New translations 60-next-steps.md (Portuguese)
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Expand Up @@ -12,14 +12,14 @@ exercises: 45

- Introduce the Bioconductor project.
- Introduce the notion of data containers.
- Give an overview of the `SummarizedExperiment`, extensively used in
- Give an overview of the `SummarizedExperiment2`, extensively used in
omics analyses.

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: questions

- What is a `SummarizedExperiment`?
- What is a `SummarizedExperiment2`?
- What is Bioconductor?

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Expand All @@ -44,15 +44,15 @@ proporcionar coerência, interoperabilidade e estabilidade ao projeto como um to
Para ilustrar um contêiner de dados ômicos, apresentaremos a classe
`SummarizedExperiment`.

## SummarizedExperiment
## SummarizedExperiment2

The figure below represents the anatomy of the SummarizedExperiment class.
The figure below represents the anatomy of the SummarizedExperiment2 class.

```{r SE, echo=FALSE, out.width="80%"}
knitr::include_graphics("https://uclouvain-cbio.github.io/WSBIM1322/figs/SE.svg")
```

Objects of the class SummarizedExperiment contain :
Objects of the class SummarizedExperiment2 contain :

- **One (or more) assay(s)** containing the quantitative omics data
(expression data), stored as a matrix-like object. Features (genes,
Expand All @@ -76,9 +76,9 @@ dos metadados da amostra na mesma operação.
Os compartimentos de metadados podem aumentar as co-variáveis adicionais
(colunas) sem afetar as outras estruturas.

### Creating a SummarizedExperiment
### Creating a SummarizedExperiment2

In order to create a `SummarizedExperiment`, we will create the
In order to create a `SummarizedExperiment2`, we will create the
individual components, i.e the count matrix, the sample and gene
metadata from csv files. Normalmente, é assim que os dados de RNA-Seq são
fornecidos (depois dos dados brutos terem sido processados).
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ gene_metadata[1:10, 1:4]
dim(gene_metadata)
```

We will create a `SummarizedExperiment` from these tables:
We will create a `SummarizedExperiment2` from these tables:

- The count matrix that will be used as the **`assay`**

Expand All @@ -161,11 +161,11 @@ We will create a `SummarizedExperiment` from these tables:
metadata** slot

To do this we can put the different parts together using the
`SummarizedExperiment` constructor:
`SummarizedExperiment2` constructor:

```{r, message=FALSE, warning=FALSE}
## BiocManager::install("SummarizedExperiment")
library("SummarizedExperiment")
## BiocManager::install("SummarizedExperiment2")
library("SummarizedExperiment2")
```

First, we make sure that the samples are in the same order in the
Expand All @@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ stopifnot(colnames(count_matrix) == sample_metadata$sample)
```

```{r}
se <- SummarizedExperiment(assays = list(counts = count_matrix),
se <- SummarizedExperiment2(assays = list(counts = count_matrix),
colData = sample_metadata,
rowData = gene_metadata)
se
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -233,9 +233,9 @@ head(rowData(se))
dim(rowData(se))
```

### Subsetting a SummarizedExperiment
### Subsetting a SummarizedExperiment2

SummarizedExperiment can be subset just like with data frames, with
SummarizedExperiment2 can be subset just like with data frames, with
numerics or with characters of logicals.

Abaixo, criamos uma nova instância da classe SummarizedExperiment que contém apenas as 5 primeiras variáveis para as 3 primeiras amostras.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ rna |>

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

The long table and the `SummarizedExperiment` contain the same
The long table and the `SummarizedExperiment2` contain the same
information, but are simply structured differently. Cada abordagem tem as suas
próprias vantagens: a primeira adequa-se bem aos pacotes `tidyverse`,
enquanto a segunda é a estrutura preferida para muitas etapas de processamento bioinformático e
Expand All @@ -340,29 +340,29 @@ colData(se)
This illustrates that the metadata slots can grow indefinitely without
affecting the other structures!

### tidySummarizedExperiment
### tidySummarizedExperiment2

You may be wondering, can we use tidyverse commands to interact with
`SummarizedExperiment` objects? A resposta é sim, podemos fazê-lo com o pacote
`SummarizedExperiment2` objects? A resposta é sim, podemos fazê-lo com o pacote
`tidySummarizedExperiment`.

Remember what our SummarizedExperiment object looks like:
Remember what our SummarizedExperiment2 object looks like:

```{r, message=FALSE}
se
```

Load `tidySummarizedExperiment` and then take a look at the se object
Load `tidySummarizedExperiment2` and then take a look at the se object
again.

```{r, message=FALSE}
#BiocManager::install("tidySummarizedExperiment")
library("tidySummarizedExperiment")
#BiocManager::install("tidySummarizedExperiment2")
library("tidySummarizedExperiment2")
se
```

It's still a `SummarizedExperiment` object, so maintains the efficient
It's still a `SummarizedExperiment2` object, so maintains the efficient
structure, but now we can view it as a tibble. Repare que na primeira linha do output diz isto:
`SummarizedExperiment`\-`tibble`
abstraction. Também podemos ver na segunda linha do output o
Expand All @@ -371,19 +371,19 @@ número de transcrições e amostras.
Se quisermos, podemos reverter para a visualização padrão do `SummarizedExperiment`.

```{r}
options("restore_SummarizedExperiment_show" = TRUE)
options("restore_SummarizedExperiment2_show" = TRUE)
se
```

But here we use the tibble view.

```{r}
options("restore_SummarizedExperiment_show" = FALSE)
options("restore_SummarizedExperiment2_show" = FALSE)
se
```

We can now use tidyverse commands to interact with the
`SummarizedExperiment` object.
`SummarizedExperiment2` object.

Podemos utilizar `filter` para filtrar as linhas utilizando uma condição, por exemplo, para visualizar
todas as linhas de uma amostra.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ se %>%
summarise(total_counts=sum(counts))
```

We can treat the tidy SummarizedExperiment object as a normal tibble
We can treat the tidy SummarizedExperiment2 object as a normal tibble
for plotting.

Aqui traçamos a distribuição das contagens por amostra.
Expand All @@ -425,13 +425,13 @@ se %>%
theme_bw()
```

For more information on tidySummarizedExperiment, see the package
For more information on tidySummarizedExperiment2, see the package
website
[here](https://stemangiola.github.io/tidySummarizedExperiment/).
[here](https://stemangiola.github.io/tidySummarizedExperiment2/).

**Take-home message**

- `SummarizedExperiment` represents an efficient way to store and
- `SummarizedExperiment2` represents an efficient way to store and
handle omics data.

- They are used in many Bioconductor packages.
Expand All @@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ Se seguir a próxima formação centrada na análise de sequências de RNA, apre

- Bioconductor is a project provide support and packages for the
comprehension of high high-throughput biology data.
- A `SummarizedExperiment` is a type of object useful to store and
- A `SummarizedExperiment2` is a type of object useful to store and
manage high-throughput omics data.

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

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