From d95aeedbe862045ba27902f3934783bc0112288c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: GitHub Actions <actions@github.com>
Date: Tue, 13 Aug 2024 00:54:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] site deploy

Auto-generated via {sandpaper}
Source  : 634538b4700fb66b128eb36f27d566be4bf6d080
Branch  : md-outputs
Author  : GitHub Actions <actions@github.com>
Time    : 2024-08-13 00:53:46 +0000
Message : markdown source builds

Auto-generated via {sandpaper}
Source  : 5fded147923cfb9b4fdeec46e2077245d54742bb
Branch  : l10n_main
Author  : Toby Hodges <tbyhdgs@gmail.com>
Time    : 2024-05-23 03:33:24 +0000
Message : New translations 01-intro.md (Japanese)
---
 01-intro.html                    |  11 +-
 02-filedir.html                  |  60 ++----
 03-create.html                   |  93 ++++-----
 04-pipefilter.html               |  72 +++----
 05-loop.html                     |  65 +++---
 06-script.html                   |  44 ++--
 07-find.html                     |  38 ++--
 404.html                         |   7 +-
 CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html             |   2 +-
 LICENSE.html                     |  11 +-
 aio.html                         | 343 +++++++++++-------------------
 discuss.html                     |  14 +-
 images.html                      |   4 +-
 index.html                       |  25 +--
 instructor-notes.html            |   8 +-
 instructor/01-intro.html         |  11 +-
 instructor/02-filedir.html       |  62 ++----
 instructor/03-create.html        |  95 ++++-----
 instructor/04-pipefilter.html    |  72 +++----
 instructor/05-loop.html          |  65 +++---
 instructor/06-script.html        |  44 ++--
 instructor/07-find.html          |  38 ++--
 instructor/404.html              |   7 +-
 instructor/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html  |   2 +-
 instructor/LICENSE.html          |  11 +-
 instructor/aio.html              | 347 +++++++++++--------------------
 instructor/discuss.html          |  14 +-
 instructor/images.html           |   4 +-
 instructor/index.html            |  25 +--
 instructor/instructor-notes.html |   8 +-
 instructor/key-points.html       |   4 +-
 instructor/profiles.html         |   4 +-
 instructor/reference.html        |  14 +-
 key-points.html                  |   4 +-
 md5sum.txt                       |   2 +-
 pkgdown.yml                      |   2 +-
 profiles.html                    |   4 +-
 reference.html                   |  14 +-
 38 files changed, 618 insertions(+), 1032 deletions(-)

diff --git a/01-intro.html b/01-intro.html
index b0156035d..f130fb605 100644
--- a/01-intro.html
+++ b/01-intro.html
@@ -463,8 +463,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="コマンドが見つからないとき" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">コマンドが見つからないとき<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#%E3%82%B3%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%81%8C%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%A4%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%A8%E3%81%8D"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">コマンドが見つからないとき</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If the shell can’t find a program whose name is the command you
 typed, it will print an error message such as:</p>
@@ -484,8 +483,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem">Nelle’s Pipeline: A Typical Problem<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem">Nelle’s Pipeline: A Typical Problem<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Nelle Nemo, a marine biologist, has just returned from a six-month
 survey of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Pacific_Gyre" class="external-link">North Pacific
 Gyre</a>, where she has been sampling gelatinous marine life in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Pacific_Garbage_Patch" class="external-link">Great
@@ -521,8 +519,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>A shell is a program whose primary purpose is to read commands and
 run other programs.</li>
@@ -597,7 +594,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/01-intro.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/02-filedir.html b/02-filedir.html
index cb5ec02a7..4ca3acc6f 100644
--- a/02-filedir.html
+++ b/02-filedir.html
@@ -402,8 +402,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="home-directory-variation" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Home Directory Variation<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#home-directory-variation"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Home Directory Variation</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The home directory path will look different on different operating
 systems. On Linux, it may look like <code>/home/nelle</code>, and on
@@ -447,8 +446,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Home Directory Variation<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="slashes" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Slashes<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#slashes"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Slashes</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Notice that there are two meanings for the <code>/</code> character.
 When it appears at the front of a file or directory name, it refers to
@@ -515,8 +513,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="clearing-your-terminal" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Clearing your terminal<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#clearing-your-terminal"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Clearing your terminal</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If your screen gets too cluttered, you can clear your terminal using
 the <code>clear</code> command. You can still access previous commands
@@ -551,8 +548,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="help-for-built-in-commands" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Help for built-in commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#help-for-built-in-commands"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Help for built-in commands</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Some commands are built in to the Bash shell, rather than existing as
 separate programs on the filesystem. One example is the <code>cd</code>
@@ -607,8 +603,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="when-to-use-short-or-long-options" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">When to use short or long options<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#when-to-use-short-or-long-options"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">When to use short or long options</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>When options exist as both short and long options:</p>
 <ul><li>Use the short option when typing commands directly into the shell to
@@ -623,8 +618,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">When to use short or long options<a class="anchor" ari
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="unsupported-command-line-options" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Unsupported command-line options<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#unsupported-command-line-options"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Unsupported command-line options</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If you try to use an option that is not supported, <code>ls</code>
 and other commands will usually print an error message similar to:</p>
@@ -668,8 +662,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="manual-pages-on-the-web" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Manual pages on the web<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#manual-pages-on-the-web"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Manual pages on the web</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Of course, there is a third way to access help for commands:
 searching the internet via your web browser. When using internet search,
@@ -687,8 +680,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Manual pages on the web<a class="anchor" aria-label="a
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="exploring-more-ls-options" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Exploring More <code>ls</code> Options<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#exploring-more-ls-options"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Exploring More <code>ls</code> Options</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You can also use two options at the same time. What does the command
 <code>ls</code> do when used with the <code>-l</code> option? What about
@@ -704,7 +696,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Exploring More <code>ls</code> Options<a class="anchor
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>-l</code> option makes <code>ls</code> use a
 <strong>l</strong>ong listing format, showing not only the
@@ -722,8 +714,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="listing-in-reverse-chronological-order" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Listing in Reverse Chronological Order<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#listing-in-reverse-chronological-order"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Listing in Reverse Chronological Order</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>By default, <code>ls</code> lists the contents of a directory in
 alphabetical order by name. The command <code>ls -t</code> lists items
@@ -740,7 +731,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Listing in Reverse Chronological Order<a class="anchor
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The most recently changed file is listed last when using
 <code>-rt</code>. This can be very useful for finding your most recent
@@ -922,8 +913,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="other-hidden-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Other Hidden Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-hidden-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Other Hidden Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In addition to the hidden directories <code>..</code> and
 <code>.</code>, you may also see a file called
@@ -1014,8 +1004,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="two-more-shortcuts" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Two More Shortcuts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#two-more-shortcuts"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Two More Shortcuts</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The shell interprets a tilde (<code>~</code>) character at the start
 of a path to mean “the current user’s home directory”. For example, if
@@ -1064,8 +1053,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="absolute-vs-relative-paths" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Absolute vs Relative Paths<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#absolute-vs-relative-paths"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Absolute vs Relative Paths</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Starting from <code>/Users/nelle/data</code>, which of the following
 commands could Nelle use to navigate to her home directory, which is
@@ -1087,7 +1075,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Absolute vs Relative Paths<a class="anchor" aria-label
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li><p>No: <code>.</code> stands for the current directory.</p></li>
 <li><p>No: <code>/</code> stands for the root directory.</p></li>
@@ -1110,8 +1098,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="relative-path-resolution" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Relative Path Resolution<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#relative-path-resolution"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Relative Path Resolution</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Using the filesystem diagram below, if <code>pwd</code> displays
 <code>/Users/thing</code>, what will <code>ls -F ../backup</code>
@@ -1128,7 +1115,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Relative Path Resolution<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li><p>No: there <em>is</em> a directory <code>backup</code> in
 <code>/Users</code>.</p></li>
@@ -1147,8 +1134,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 <div id="ls-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">
-<code>ls</code> Reading Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ls-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+<code>ls</code> Reading Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Using the filesystem diagram below, if <code>pwd</code> displays
 <code>/Users/backup</code>, and <code>-r</code> tells <code>ls</code> to
@@ -1170,7 +1156,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li><p>No: <code>pwd</code> is not the name of a directory.</p></li>
 <li><p>Yes: <code>ls</code> without directory argument lists files and
@@ -1181,8 +1167,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="general-syntax-of-a-shell-command">General Syntax of a Shell Command<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#general-syntax-of-a-shell-command"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#general-syntax-of-a-shell-command"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="general-syntax-of-a-shell-command">General Syntax of a Shell Command<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#general-syntax-of-a-shell-command"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>We have now encountered commands, options, and arguments, but it is
 perhaps useful to formalise some terminology.</p>
 <p>Consider the command below as a general example of a command, which
@@ -1318,8 +1303,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>The file system is responsible for managing information on the
 disk.</li>
@@ -1412,7 +1396,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/02-filedir.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/03-create.html b/03-create.html
index 0a7835f1b..6a260a5e4 100644
--- a/03-create.html
+++ b/03-create.html
@@ -366,8 +366,7 @@ <h3 class="card-title">Objectives</h3>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="creating-directories">Creating directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-directories"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="creating-directories">Creating directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-directories"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>We now know how to explore files and directories, but how do we
 create them in the first place?</p>
 <p>In this episode we will learn about creating and moving files and
@@ -464,8 +463,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="two-ways-of-doing-the-same-thing" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Two ways of doing the same thing<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#two-ways-of-doing-the-same-thing"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Two ways of doing the same thing</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Using the shell to create a directory is no different than using a
 file explorer. If you open the current directory using your operating
@@ -481,8 +479,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Two ways of doing the same thing<a class="anchor" aria
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="good-names-for-files-and-directories" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Good names for files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#good-names-for-files-and-directories"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Good names for files and directories</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Complicated names of files and directories can make your life painful
 when working on the command line. Here we provide a few useful tips for
@@ -528,8 +525,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="which-editor" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Which Editor?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#which-editor"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Which Editor?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>When we say, ‘<code>nano</code> is a text editor’ we really do mean
 ‘text’. It can only work with plain character data, not tables, images,
@@ -566,8 +562,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Which Editor?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" hre
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="control-ctrl-or-key" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Control, Ctrl, or ^ Key<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#control-ctrl-or-key"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Control, Ctrl, or ^ Key</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The Control key is also called the ‘Ctrl’ key. There are various ways
 in which using the Control key may be described. For example, you may
@@ -604,8 +599,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="creating-files-a-different-way" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Creating Files a Different Way<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-files-a-different-way"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Creating Files a Different Way</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have seen how to create text files using the <code>nano</code>
 editor. Now, try the following command:</p>
@@ -628,7 +622,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li><p>The <code>touch</code> command generates a new file called
 <code>my_file.txt</code> in your current directory. You can observe this
@@ -654,7 +648,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 <div id="creating-files-a-different-way" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">Creating Files a Different Way<em>
-(continued)</em><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-files-a-different-way"></a>
+(continued)</em>
 </h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>To avoid confusion later on, we suggest removing the file you’ve just
@@ -674,8 +668,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="whats-in-a-name" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">What’s In A Name?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#whats-in-a-name"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">What’s In A Name?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You may have noticed that all of Nelle’s files are named ‘something
 dot something’, and in this part of the lesson, we always used the
@@ -703,8 +696,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">What’s In A Name?<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="moving-files-and-directories">Moving files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="moving-files-and-directories">Moving files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Returning to the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/writing</code>
 directory,</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb17">
@@ -803,8 +795,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="moving-files-to-a-new-folder" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Moving Files to a new folder<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-to-a-new-folder"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Moving Files to a new folder</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>After running the following commands, Jamie realizes that she put the
 files <code>sucrose.dat</code> and <code>maltose.dat</code> into the
@@ -834,7 +825,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb30">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -848,8 +839,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="copying-files-and-directories">Copying files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copying-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copying-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="copying-files-and-directories">Copying files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copying-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>The <code>cp</code> command works very much like <code>mv</code>,
 except it copies a file instead of moving it. We can check that it did
 the right thing using <code>ls</code> with two paths as arguments — like
@@ -904,8 +894,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="renaming-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Renaming Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#renaming-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Renaming Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose that you created a plain-text file in your current directory
 to contain a list of the statistical tests you will need to do to
@@ -925,7 +914,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Renaming Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" hr
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li>No. While this would create a file with the correct name, the
 incorrectly named file still exists in the directory and would need to
@@ -944,8 +933,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="moving-and-copying" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Moving and Copying<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-and-copying"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Moving and Copying</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What is the output of the closing <code>ls</code> command in the
 sequence shown below?</p>
@@ -989,7 +977,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We start in the <code>/Users/jamie/data</code> directory, and create
 a new folder called <code>recombined</code>. The second line moves
@@ -1016,8 +1004,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="removing-files-and-directories">Removing files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="removing-files-and-directories">Removing files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Returning to the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/writing</code>
 directory, let’s tidy up this directory by removing the
 <code>quotes.txt</code> file we created. The Unix command we’ll use for
@@ -1043,8 +1030,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">ERROR<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="deleting-is-forever" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Deleting Is Forever<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#deleting-is-forever"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Deleting Is Forever</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The Unix shell doesn’t have a trash bin that we can recover deleted
 files from (though most graphical interfaces to Unix do). Instead, when
@@ -1061,8 +1047,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Deleting Is Forever<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="using-rm-safely" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>rm</code> Safely<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#using-rm-safely"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>rm</code> Safely</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What happens when we execute
 <code>rm -i thesis_backup/quotations.txt</code>? Why would we want this
@@ -1075,7 +1060,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>rm</code> Safely<a class="anchor" aria-lab
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper">
 <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1117,8 +1102,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <p>Given that there is no way to retrieve files deleted using the shell,
 <code>rm -r</code> <em>should be used with great caution</em> (you might
 consider adding the interactive option <code>rm -r -i</code>).</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories">Operations with multiple files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories">Operations with multiple files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Oftentimes one needs to copy or move several files at once. This can
 be done by providing a list of individual filenames, or specifying a
 naming pattern using wildcards. Wildcards are special characters that
@@ -1129,8 +1113,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="copy-with-multiple-filenames" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Copy with Multiple Filenames<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copy-with-multiple-filenames"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Copy with Multiple Filenames</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For this exercise, you can test the commands in the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data</code> directory.</p>
@@ -1168,7 +1151,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>If given more than one file name followed by a directory name
 (i.e. the destination directory must be the last argument),
@@ -1192,8 +1175,7 @@ <h3 id="using-wildcards-for-accessing-multiple-files-at-once">Using wildcards fo
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="wildcards" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#wildcards"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p><code>*</code> is a <strong>wildcard</strong>, which represents zero
 or more other characters. Let’s consider the
@@ -1230,8 +1212,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="list-filenames-matching-a-pattern" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">List filenames matching a pattern<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#list-filenames-matching-a-pattern"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">List filenames matching a pattern</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>When run in the <code>alkanes</code> directory, which <code>ls</code>
 command(s) will produce this output?</p>
@@ -1248,7 +1229,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">List filenames matching a pattern<a class="anchor" ari
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution7">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The solution is <code>3.</code></p>
 <p><code>1.</code> shows all files whose names contain zero or more
@@ -1276,8 +1257,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="more-on-wildcards" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">More on Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#more-on-wildcards"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">More on Wildcards</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Sam has a directory containing calibration data, datasets, and
 descriptions of the datasets:</p>
@@ -1370,7 +1350,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution8">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb57">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1388,8 +1368,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="organizing-directories-and-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Organizing Directories and Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#organizing-directories-and-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Organizing Directories and Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Jamie is working on a project, and she sees that her files aren’t
 very well organized:</p>
@@ -1435,7 +1414,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution9" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution9">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution9"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9">
+<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb64">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1456,8 +1435,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="reproduce-a-folder-structure" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Reproduce a folder structure<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#reproduce-a-folder-structure"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Reproduce a folder structure</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You’re starting a new experiment and would like to duplicate the
 directory structure from your previous experiment so you can add new
@@ -1524,7 +1502,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution10" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution10">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution10"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10">
+<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The first two sets of commands achieve this objective. The first set
 uses relative paths to create the top-level directory before the
@@ -1548,8 +1526,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution10"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>
 <code>cp [old] [new]</code> copies a file.</li>
@@ -1639,7 +1616,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/03-create.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/04-pipefilter.html b/04-pipefilter.html
index 872ae49f9..083b44893 100644
--- a/04-pipefilter.html
+++ b/04-pipefilter.html
@@ -451,8 +451,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="why-isnt-it-doing-anything" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Why Isn’t It Doing Anything?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#why-isnt-it-doing-anything"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Why Isn’t It Doing Anything?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What happens if a command is supposed to process a file, but we don’t
 give it a filename? For example, what if we type:</p>
@@ -474,8 +473,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="capturing-output-from-commands">Capturing output from commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#capturing-output-from-commands"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#capturing-output-from-commands"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="capturing-output-from-commands">Capturing output from commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#capturing-output-from-commands"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Which of these files contains the fewest lines? It’s an easy question
 to answer when there are only six files, but what if there were 6000?
 Our first step toward a solution is to run the command:</p>
@@ -529,8 +527,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="output-page-by-page" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#output-page-by-page"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We’ll continue to use <code>cat</code> in this lesson, for
 convenience and consistency, but it has the disadvantage that it always
@@ -542,8 +539,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="filtering-output">Filtering output<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filtering-output"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filtering-output"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="filtering-output">Filtering output<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filtering-output"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Next we’ll use the <code>sort</code> command to sort the contents of
 the <code>lengths.txt</code> file. But first we’ll do an exercise to
 learn a little about the sort command:</p>
@@ -552,8 +548,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="what-does-sort--n-do" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>sort -n</code> Do?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#what-does-sort--n-do"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>sort -n</code> Do?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The file <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/numbers.txt</code>
 contains the following lines:</p>
@@ -592,7 +587,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>-n</code> option specifies a numerical rather than an
 alphanumerical sort.</p>
@@ -647,8 +642,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="redirecting-to-the-same-file" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Redirecting to the same file<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#redirecting-to-the-same-file"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Redirecting to the same file</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>It’s a very bad idea to try redirecting the output of a command that
 operates on a file to the same file. For example:</p>
@@ -667,8 +661,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="what-does-mean" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>&gt;&gt;</code> Mean?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#what-does-mean"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>&gt;&gt;</code> Mean?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have seen the use of <code>&gt;</code>, but there is a similar
 operator <code>&gt;&gt;</code> which works slightly differently. We’ll
@@ -708,7 +701,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In the first example with <code>&gt;</code>, the string ‘hello’ is
 written to <code>testfile01.txt</code>, but the file gets overwritten
@@ -726,8 +719,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="appending-data" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Appending Data<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#appending-data"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Appending Data</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have already met the <code>head</code> command, which prints lines
 from the start of a file. <code>tail</code> is similar, but prints lines
@@ -759,7 +751,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 3 is correct. For option 1 to be correct we would only run the
 <code>head</code> command. For option 2 to be correct we would only run
@@ -771,8 +763,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="passing-output-to-another-command">Passing output to another command<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#passing-output-to-another-command"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#passing-output-to-another-command"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="passing-output-to-another-command">Passing output to another command<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#passing-output-to-another-command"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>In our example of finding the file with the fewest lines, we are
 using two intermediate files <code>lengths.txt</code> and
 <code>sorted-lengths.txt</code> to store output. This is a confusing way
@@ -797,8 +788,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 right.</p>
 <p>This has removed the need for the <code>sorted-lengths.txt</code>
 file.</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="combining-multiple-commands">Combining multiple commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#combining-multiple-commands"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#combining-multiple-commands"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="combining-multiple-commands">Combining multiple commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#combining-multiple-commands"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Nothing prevents us from chaining pipes consecutively. We can for
 example send the output of <code>wc</code> directly to
 <code>sort</code>, and then send the resulting output to
@@ -844,8 +834,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="piping-commands-together" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Piping Commands Together<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#piping-commands-together"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Piping Commands Together</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In our current directory, we want to find the 3 files which have the
 least number of lines. Which command listed below would work?</p>
@@ -861,7 +850,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Piping Commands Together<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 4 is the solution. The pipe character <code>|</code> is used
 to connect the output from one command to the input of another.
@@ -872,8 +861,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="tools-designed-to-work-together">Tools designed to work together<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tools-designed-to-work-together"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tools-designed-to-work-together"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="tools-designed-to-work-together">Tools designed to work together<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tools-designed-to-work-together"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>This idea of linking programs together is why Unix has been so
 successful. Instead of creating enormous programs that try to do many
 different things, Unix programmers focus on creating lots of simple
@@ -894,8 +882,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="pipe-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Reading Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#pipe-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Reading Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>A file called <code>animals.csv</code> (in the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/animal-counts</code> folder)
@@ -926,7 +913,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>head</code> command extracts the first 5 lines from
 <code>animals.csv</code>. Then, the last 3 lines are extracted from the
@@ -948,8 +935,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="pipe-construction" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Construction<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#pipe-construction"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Construction</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For the file <code>animals.csv</code> from the previous exercise,
 consider the following command:</p>
@@ -990,7 +976,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb39">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1006,8 +992,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="which-pipe" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Which Pipe?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#which-pipe"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Which Pipe?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The file <code>animals.csv</code> contains 8 lines of data formatted
 as follows:</p>
@@ -1039,7 +1024,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution7">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 4. is the correct answer. If you have difficulty understanding
 why, try running the commands, or sub-sections of the pipelines (make
@@ -1050,8 +1035,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-checking-files">Nelle’s Pipeline: Checking Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-checking-files"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-checking-files"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-checking-files">Nelle’s Pipeline: Checking Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-checking-files"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Nelle has run her samples through the assay machines and created 17
 files in the <code>north-pacific-gyre</code> directory described
 earlier. As a quick check, starting from the
@@ -1134,8 +1118,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="removing-unneeded-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Removing Unneeded Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-unneeded-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Removing Unneeded Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose you want to delete your processed data files, and only keep
 your raw files and processing script to save storage. The raw files end
@@ -1154,7 +1137,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Removing Unneeded Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="a
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution8">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li><p>This would remove <code>.txt</code> files with one-character
 names</p></li>
@@ -1174,8 +1157,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>
 <code>wc</code> counts lines, words, and characters in its
@@ -1261,7 +1243,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/04-pipefilter.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/05-loop.html b/05-loop.html
index 903c81ffd..02e1da2fc 100644
--- a/05-loop.html
+++ b/05-loop.html
@@ -429,8 +429,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="follow-the-prompt" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Follow the Prompt<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#follow-the-prompt"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Follow the Prompt</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The shell prompt changes from <code>$</code> to <code>&gt;</code> and
 back again as we were typing in our loop. The second prompt,
@@ -475,8 +474,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Follow the Prompt<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor"
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="same-symbols-different-meanings" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Same Symbols, Different Meanings<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#same-symbols-different-meanings"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Same Symbols, Different Meanings</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Here we see <code>&gt;</code> being used as a shell prompt, whereas
 <code>&gt;</code> is also used to redirect output. Similarly,
@@ -531,8 +529,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="write-your-own-loop" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Write your own loop<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#write-your-own-loop"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Write your own loop</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>How would you write a loop that echoes all 10 numbers from 0 to
 9?</p>
@@ -544,7 +541,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Write your own loop<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb7">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -577,8 +574,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="variables-in-loops" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Loops<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#variables-in-loops"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Loops</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>This exercise refers to the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code> directory.
@@ -615,7 +611,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The first code block gives the same output on each iteration through
 the loop. Bash expands the wildcard <code>*.pdb</code> within the loop
@@ -662,8 +658,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="limiting-sets-of-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Limiting Sets of Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#limiting-sets-of-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Limiting Sets of Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What would be the output of running the following loop in the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code> directory?</p>
@@ -688,7 +683,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>4 is the correct answer. <code>*</code> matches zero or more
 characters, so any file name starting with the letter c, followed by
@@ -703,7 +698,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 <div id="limiting-sets-of-files" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">Limiting Sets of Files<em>
-(continued)</em><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#limiting-sets-of-files"></a>
+(continued)</em>
 </h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>How would the output differ from using this command instead?</p>
@@ -729,7 +724,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>4 is the correct answer. <code>*</code> matches zero or more
 characters, so a file name with zero or more characters before a letter
@@ -743,8 +738,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-one" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part One<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-one"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part One</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code>
 directory, what is the effect of this loop?</p>
@@ -778,7 +772,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li>The text from each file in turn gets written to the
 <code>alkanes.pdb</code> file. However, the file gets overwritten on
@@ -793,8 +787,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-two" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part Two<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-two"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part Two</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Also in the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code>
 directory, what would be the output of the following loop?</p>
@@ -830,7 +823,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>3 is the correct answer. <code>&gt;&gt;</code> appends to a file,
 rather than overwriting it with the redirected output from a command.
@@ -891,8 +884,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="spaces-in-names" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Spaces in Names<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#spaces-in-names"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Spaces in Names</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Spaces are used to separate the elements of the list that we are
 going to loop over. If one of those elements contains a space character,
@@ -1005,8 +997,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <p>The following diagram shows what happens when the modified loop is
 executed and demonstrates how the judicious use of <code>echo</code> is
 a good debugging technique.</p>
-<figure><img src="fig/shell_script_for_loop_flow_chart.svg" alt='The for loop "for filename in .dat; do echo cp $filename original-$filename;done" will successively assign the names of all ".dat" files in your currentdirectory to the variable "$filename" and then execute the command. With thefiles "basilisk.dat", "minotaur.dat" and "unicorn.dat" in the current directorythe loop will successively call the echo command three times and print threelines: "cp basislisk.dat original-basilisk.dat", then "cp minotaur.datoriginal-minotaur.dat" and finally "cp unicorn.datoriginal-unicorn.dat"' class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-processing-files">Nelle’s Pipeline: Processing Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-processing-files"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-processing-files"></a></h2>
+<figure><img src="fig/shell_script_for_loop_flow_chart.svg" alt='The for loop "for filename in .dat; do echo cp $filename original-$filename;done" will successively assign the names of all ".dat" files in your currentdirectory to the variable "$filename" and then execute the command. With thefiles "basilisk.dat", "minotaur.dat" and "unicorn.dat" in the current directorythe loop will successively call the echo command three times and print threelines: "cp basislisk.dat original-basilisk.dat", then "cp minotaur.datoriginal-minotaur.dat" and finally "cp unicorn.datoriginal-unicorn.dat"' class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-processing-files">Nelle’s Pipeline: Processing Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-processing-files"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Nelle is now ready to process her data files using
 <code>goostats.sh</code> — a shell script written by her supervisor.
 This calculates some statistics from a protein sample file and takes two
@@ -1098,8 +1089,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="beginning-and-end" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Beginning and End<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#beginning-and-end"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Beginning and End</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We can move to the beginning of a line in the shell by typing
 <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>A</kbd> and to the end using
@@ -1128,8 +1118,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="those-who-know-history-can-choose-to-repeat-it" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Those Who Know History Can Choose to Repeat It<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#those-who-know-history-can-choose-to-repeat-it"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Those Who Know History Can Choose to Repeat It</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Another way to repeat previous work is to use the
 <code>history</code> command to get a list of the last few hundred
@@ -1161,8 +1150,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="other-history-commands" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Other History Commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-history-commands"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Other History Commands</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>There are a number of other shortcut commands for getting at the
 history.</p>
@@ -1191,8 +1179,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Other History Commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="an
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="doing-a-dry-run" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Doing a Dry Run<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#doing-a-dry-run"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Doing a Dry Run</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>A loop is a way to do many things at once — or to make many mistakes
 at once if it does the wrong thing. One way to check what a loop
@@ -1236,7 +1223,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution7">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The second version is the one we want to run. This prints to screen
 everything enclosed in the quote marks, expanding the loop variable name
@@ -1259,8 +1246,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="nested-loops" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Nested Loops<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nested-loops"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Nested Loops</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose we want to set up a directory structure to organize some
 experiments measuring reaction rate constants with different compounds
@@ -1285,7 +1271,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution8">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We have a nested loop, i.e. contained within another loop, so for
 each species in the outer loop, the inner loop (the nested loop)
@@ -1302,8 +1288,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>A <code>for</code> loop repeats commands once for every thing in a
 list.</li>
@@ -1383,7 +1368,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/05-loop.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/06-script.html b/06-script.html
index 7118abb36..b0bed1995 100644
--- a/06-script.html
+++ b/06-script.html
@@ -424,8 +424,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="text-vs.-whatever" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Text vs. Whatever<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#text-vs.-whatever"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Text vs. Whatever</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We usually call programs like Microsoft Word or LibreOffice Writer
 “text editors”, but we need to be a bit more careful when it comes to
@@ -490,8 +489,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="double-quotes-around-arguments" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Double-Quotes Around Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#double-quotes-around-arguments"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Double-Quotes Around Arguments</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For the same reason that we put the loop variable inside
 double-quotes, in case the filename happens to contain any spaces, we
@@ -619,8 +617,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="list-unique-species" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">List Unique Species<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#list-unique-species"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">List Unique Species</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Leah has several hundred data files, each of which is formatted like
 this:</p>
@@ -651,7 +648,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">List Unique Species<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb25">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -696,8 +693,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="why-record-commands-in-the-history-before-running-them" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Why Record Commands in the History Before Running Them?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#why-record-commands-in-the-history-before-running-them"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Why Record Commands in the History Before Running Them?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If you run the command:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb28">
@@ -718,7 +714,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>If a command causes something to crash or hang, it might be useful to
 know what that command was, in order to investigate the problem. Were
@@ -734,8 +730,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 to recycle what they discover about their data and their workflow with
 one call to <code>history</code> and a bit of editing to clean up the
 output and save it as a shell script.</p>
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script">Nelle’s Pipeline: Creating a Script<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script">Nelle’s Pipeline: Creating a Script<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Nelle’s supervisor insisted that all her analytics must be
 reproducible. The easiest way to capture all the steps is in a
 script.</p>
@@ -804,8 +799,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="variables-in-shell-scripts" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Shell Scripts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#variables-in-shell-scripts"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Shell Scripts</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In the <code>alkanes</code> directory, imagine you have a shell
 script called <code>script.sh</code> containing the following
@@ -840,7 +834,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The correct answer is 2.</p>
 <p>The special variables <code>$1</code>, <code>$2</code> and
@@ -865,8 +859,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="find-the-longest-file-with-a-given-extension" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Find the Longest File With a Given Extension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#find-the-longest-file-with-a-given-extension"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Find the Longest File With a Given Extension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Write a shell script called <code>longest.sh</code> that takes the
 name of a directory and a filename extension as its arguments, and
@@ -894,7 +887,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb40">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -925,8 +918,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="script-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Script Reading Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#script-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Script Reading Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For this question, consider the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code> directory once
@@ -964,7 +956,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Solutions </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In each case, the shell expands the wildcard in <code>*.pdb</code>
 before passing the resulting list of file names as arguments to the
@@ -993,8 +985,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="debugging-scripts" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Debugging Scripts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#debugging-scripts"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Debugging Scripts</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose you have saved the following script in a file called
 <code>do-errors.sh</code> in Nelle’s <code>north-pacific-gyre</code>
@@ -1033,7 +1024,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>-x</code> option causes <code>bash</code> to run in debug
 mode. This prints out each command as it is run, which will help you to
@@ -1050,8 +1041,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>Save commands in files (usually called shell scripts) for
 re-use.</li>
@@ -1129,7 +1119,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/06-script.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-02-20",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/07-find.html b/07-find.html
index 35bbcfedd..109b86575 100644
--- a/07-find.html
+++ b/07-find.html
@@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="using-grep" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>grep</code><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#using-grep"></a>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>grep</code>
 </h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Which command would result in the following output:</p>
@@ -607,7 +607,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The correct answer is 3, because the <code>-w</code> option looks
 only for whole-word matches. The other options will also match ‘of’ when
@@ -621,8 +621,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="wildcards" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#wildcards"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p><code>grep</code>‘s real power doesn’t come from its options, though;
 it comes from the fact that patterns can include wildcards. (The
@@ -659,8 +658,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="tracking-a-species" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Tracking a Species<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tracking-a-species"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Tracking a Species</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Leah has several hundred data files saved in one directory, each of
 which is formatted like this:</p>
@@ -707,7 +705,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre class="source"><code>grep -w $1 -r $2 | cut -d : -f 2 | cut -d , -f 1,3 &gt; $1.txt</code></pre>
 <p>Actually, you can swap the order of the two cut commands and it still
@@ -729,8 +727,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="little-women" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Little Women<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#little-women"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Little Women</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You and your friend, having just finished reading <em>Little
 Women</em> by Louisa May Alcott, are in an argument. Of the four sisters
@@ -755,7 +752,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Little Women<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Solutions </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre class="source"><code>for sis in Jo Meg Beth Amy
 do
@@ -935,8 +932,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="listing-vs.-finding" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Listing vs. Finding<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#listing-vs.-finding"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Listing vs. Finding</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p><code>ls</code> and <code>find</code> can be made to do similar
 things given the right options, but under normal circumstances,
@@ -1002,8 +998,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="matching-and-subtracting" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Matching and Subtracting<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#matching-and-subtracting"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Matching and Subtracting</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The <code>-v</code> option to <code>grep</code> inverts pattern
 matching, so that only lines which do <em>not</em> match the pattern are
@@ -1023,7 +1018,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Matching and Subtracting<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 1 is correct. Putting the match expression in quotes prevents
 the shell expanding it, so it gets passed to the <code>find</code>
@@ -1044,8 +1039,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="binary-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Binary Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#binary-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Binary Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have focused exclusively on finding patterns in text files. What
 if your data is stored as images, in databases, or in some other
@@ -1083,8 +1077,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Binary Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href
 <div id="find-pipeline-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">
 <code>find</code> Pipeline Reading
-Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#find-pipeline-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Write a short explanatory comment for the following shell script:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb50">
@@ -1100,7 +1093,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li><p>Find all files with a <code>.dat</code> extension recursively
 from the current directory</p></li>
@@ -1115,8 +1108,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>
 <code>find</code> finds files with specific properties that match
@@ -1197,7 +1189,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/07-find.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-02-20",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/404.html b/404.html
index 0ba4558c7..f8b36907d 100644
--- a/404.html
+++ b/404.html
@@ -318,8 +318,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
     <main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Page not found</h1>
         
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="our-apologies">Our apologies!<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#our-apologies"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#our-apologies"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="our-apologies">Our apologies!<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#our-apologies"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>We cannot seem to find the page you are looking for. Here are some
 tips that may help:</p>
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li>try going back to the <a href="javascript:history.back()">previous
@@ -376,8 +375,8 @@ <h1>Page not found</h1>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/404.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/404.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html b/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html
index 0122be52e..cb2551467 100644
--- a/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html
+++ b/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ <h1>Contributor Code of Conduct</h1>
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/LICENSE.html b/LICENSE.html
index 15f7e8707..03df0665b 100644
--- a/LICENSE.html
+++ b/LICENSE.html
@@ -326,8 +326,7 @@ <h1>Licenses</h1>
 
         
 
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="instructional-material">Instructional Material<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#instructional-material"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#instructional-material"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="instructional-material">Instructional Material<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#instructional-material"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>All Carpentries (Software Carpentry, Data Carpentry, and Library
 Carpentry) instructional material is made available under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" class="external-link">Creative Commons
 Attribution license</a>. The following is a human-readable summary of
@@ -361,8 +360,7 @@ <h1>Licenses</h1>
 permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights
 such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the
 material.</li>
-</ul></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="software">Software<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#software"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#software"></a></h2>
+</ul></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="software">Software<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#software"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Except where otherwise noted, the example programs and other software
 provided by The Carpentries are made available under the <a href="https://opensource.org" class="external-link">OSI</a>-approved <a href="https://opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.html" class="external-link">MIT
 license</a>.</p>
@@ -382,8 +380,7 @@ <h1>Licenses</h1>
 CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
 TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
 SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="trademark">Trademark<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#trademark"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#trademark"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="trademark">Trademark<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#trademark"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>“The Carpentries”, “Software Carpentry”, “Data Carpentry”, and
 “Library Carpentry” and their respective logos are registered trademarks
 of <a href="https://communityin.org/" class="external-link">Community Initiatives</a>.</p>
@@ -446,7 +443,7 @@ <h1>Licenses</h1>
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/LICENSE.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/aio.html b/aio.html
index abf341009..4a6ca6f92 100644
--- a/aio.html
+++ b/aio.html
@@ -511,8 +511,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="コマンドが見つからないとき" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">コマンドが見つからないとき<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#%E3%82%B3%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%81%8C%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%A4%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%A8%E3%81%8D"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">コマンドが見つからないとき</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If the shell can’t find a program whose name is the command you
 typed, it will print an error message such as:</p>
@@ -533,7 +532,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 </div>
 </div>
 <section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem">Nelle’s Pipeline: A Typical Problem<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Nelle Nemo, a marine biologist, has just returned from a six-month
@@ -573,8 +571,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>A shell is a program whose primary purpose is to read commands and
@@ -668,8 +665,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="home-directory-variation" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Home Directory Variation<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#home-directory-variation"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Home Directory Variation</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The home directory path will look different on different operating
 systems. On Linux, it may look like <code>/home/nelle</code>, and on
@@ -713,8 +709,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Home Directory Variation<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="slashes" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Slashes<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#slashes"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Slashes</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Notice that there are two meanings for the <code>/</code> character.
 When it appears at the front of a file or directory name, it refers to
@@ -783,8 +778,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="clearing-your-terminal" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Clearing your terminal<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#clearing-your-terminal"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Clearing your terminal</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If your screen gets too cluttered, you can clear your terminal using
 the <code>clear</code> command. You can still access previous commands
@@ -824,8 +818,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="help-for-built-in-commands" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Help for built-in commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#help-for-built-in-commands"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Help for built-in commands</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Some commands are built in to the Bash shell, rather than existing as
 separate programs on the filesystem. One example is the <code>cd</code>
@@ -881,8 +874,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="when-to-use-short-or-long-options" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">When to use short or long options<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#when-to-use-short-or-long-options"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">When to use short or long options</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>When options exist as both short and long options:</p>
 <ul>
@@ -899,8 +891,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">When to use short or long options<a class="anchor" ari
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="unsupported-command-line-options" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Unsupported command-line options<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#unsupported-command-line-options"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Unsupported command-line options</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If you try to use an option that is not supported, <code>ls</code>
 and other commands will usually print an error message similar to:</p>
@@ -945,8 +936,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="manual-pages-on-the-web" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Manual pages on the web<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#manual-pages-on-the-web"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Manual pages on the web</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Of course, there is a third way to access help for commands:
 searching the internet via your web browser. When using internet search,
@@ -964,8 +954,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Manual pages on the web<a class="anchor" aria-label="a
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="exploring-more-ls-options" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Exploring More <code>ls</code> Options<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#exploring-more-ls-options"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Exploring More <code>ls</code> Options</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You can also use two options at the same time. What does the command
 <code>ls</code> do when used with the <code>-l</code> option? What about
@@ -981,7 +970,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Exploring More <code>ls</code> Options<a class="anchor
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>-l</code> option makes <code>ls</code> use a
 <strong>l</strong>ong listing format, showing not only the
@@ -999,8 +988,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="listing-in-reverse-chronological-order" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Listing in Reverse Chronological Order<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#listing-in-reverse-chronological-order"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Listing in Reverse Chronological Order</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>By default, <code>ls</code> lists the contents of a directory in
 alphabetical order by name. The command <code>ls -t</code> lists items
@@ -1017,7 +1005,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Listing in Reverse Chronological Order<a class="anchor
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The most recently changed file is listed last when using
 <code>-rt</code>. This can be very useful for finding your most recent
@@ -1200,8 +1188,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="other-hidden-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Other Hidden Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-hidden-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Other Hidden Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In addition to the hidden directories <code>..</code> and
 <code>.</code>, you may also see a file called
@@ -1292,8 +1279,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="two-more-shortcuts" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Two More Shortcuts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#two-more-shortcuts"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Two More Shortcuts</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The shell interprets a tilde (<code>~</code>) character at the start
 of a path to mean “the current user’s home directory”. For example, if
@@ -1343,8 +1329,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="absolute-vs-relative-paths" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Absolute vs Relative Paths<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#absolute-vs-relative-paths"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Absolute vs Relative Paths</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Starting from <code>/Users/nelle/data</code>, which of the following
 commands could Nelle use to navigate to her home directory, which is
@@ -1368,7 +1353,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Absolute vs Relative Paths<a class="anchor" aria-label
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li><p>No: <code>.</code> stands for the current directory.</p></li>
@@ -1393,8 +1378,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="relative-path-resolution" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Relative Path Resolution<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#relative-path-resolution"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Relative Path Resolution</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Using the filesystem diagram below, if <code>pwd</code> displays
 <code>/Users/thing</code>, what will <code>ls -F ../backup</code>
@@ -1414,7 +1398,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Relative Path Resolution<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li><p>No: there <em>is</em> a directory <code>backup</code> in
@@ -1435,8 +1419,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 <div id="ls-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">
-<code>ls</code> Reading Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ls-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+<code>ls</code> Reading Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Using the filesystem diagram below, if <code>pwd</code> displays
 <code>/Users/backup</code>, and <code>-r</code> tells <code>ls</code> to
@@ -1460,7 +1443,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li><p>No: <code>pwd</code> is not the name of a directory.</p></li>
@@ -1474,7 +1457,6 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 <section><h2 class="section-heading" id="general-syntax-of-a-shell-command">General Syntax of a Shell Command<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#general-syntax-of-a-shell-command"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#general-syntax-of-a-shell-command"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>We have now encountered commands, options, and arguments, but it is
@@ -1613,8 +1595,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>The file system is responsible for managing information on the
@@ -1688,7 +1669,6 @@ <h3 class="card-title">Objectives</h3>
 </div>
 </div>
 <section><h2 class="section-heading" id="creating-directories">Creating directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-directories"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>We now know how to explore files and directories, but how do we
@@ -1789,8 +1769,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="two-ways-of-doing-the-same-thing" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Two ways of doing the same thing<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#two-ways-of-doing-the-same-thing"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Two ways of doing the same thing</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Using the shell to create a directory is no different than using a
 file explorer. If you open the current directory using your operating
@@ -1806,8 +1785,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Two ways of doing the same thing<a class="anchor" aria
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="good-names-for-files-and-directories" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Good names for files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#good-names-for-files-and-directories"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Good names for files and directories</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Complicated names of files and directories can make your life painful
 when working on the command line. Here we provide a few useful tips for
@@ -1860,8 +1838,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="which-editor" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Which Editor?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#which-editor"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Which Editor?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>When we say, ‘<code>nano</code> is a text editor’ we really do mean
 ‘text’. It can only work with plain character data, not tables, images,
@@ -1898,8 +1875,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Which Editor?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" hre
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="control-ctrl-or-key" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Control, Ctrl, or ^ Key<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#control-ctrl-or-key"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Control, Ctrl, or ^ Key</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The Control key is also called the ‘Ctrl’ key. There are various ways
 in which using the Control key may be described. For example, you may
@@ -1938,8 +1914,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="creating-files-a-different-way" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Creating Files a Different Way<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-files-a-different-way"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Creating Files a Different Way</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have seen how to create text files using the <code>nano</code>
 editor. Now, try the following command:</p>
@@ -1964,7 +1939,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li><p>The <code>touch</code> command generates a new file called
@@ -1992,7 +1967,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 <div id="creating-files-a-different-way" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">Creating Files a Different Way<em>
-(continued)</em><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-files-a-different-way"></a>
+(continued)</em>
 </h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>To avoid confusion later on, we suggest removing the file you’ve just
@@ -2012,8 +1987,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="whats-in-a-name" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">What’s In A Name?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#whats-in-a-name"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">What’s In A Name?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You may have noticed that all of Nelle’s files are named ‘something
 dot something’, and in this part of the lesson, we always used the
@@ -2042,7 +2016,6 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">What’s In A Name?<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="moving-files-and-directories">Moving files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-and-directories"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Returning to the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/writing</code>
@@ -2143,8 +2116,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="moving-files-to-a-new-folder" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Moving Files to a new folder<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-to-a-new-folder"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Moving Files to a new folder</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>After running the following commands, Jamie realizes that she put the
 files <code>sucrose.dat</code> and <code>maltose.dat</code> into the
@@ -2174,7 +2146,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb30">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -2189,7 +2161,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="copying-files-and-directories">Copying files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copying-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copying-files-and-directories"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>The <code>cp</code> command works very much like <code>mv</code>,
@@ -2246,8 +2217,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="renaming-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Renaming Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#renaming-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Renaming Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose that you created a plain-text file in your current directory
 to contain a list of the statistical tests you will need to do to
@@ -2269,7 +2239,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Renaming Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" hr
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li>No. While this would create a file with the correct name, the
@@ -2290,8 +2260,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="moving-and-copying" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Moving and Copying<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-and-copying"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Moving and Copying</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What is the output of the closing <code>ls</code> command in the
 sequence shown below?</p>
@@ -2337,7 +2306,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We start in the <code>/Users/jamie/data</code> directory, and create
 a new folder called <code>recombined</code>. The second line moves
@@ -2367,7 +2336,6 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="removing-files-and-directories">Removing files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-files-and-directories"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Returning to the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/writing</code>
@@ -2395,8 +2363,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">ERROR<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="deleting-is-forever" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Deleting Is Forever<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#deleting-is-forever"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Deleting Is Forever</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The Unix shell doesn’t have a trash bin that we can recover deleted
 files from (though most graphical interfaces to Unix do). Instead, when
@@ -2413,8 +2380,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Deleting Is Forever<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="using-rm-safely" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>rm</code> Safely<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#using-rm-safely"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>rm</code> Safely</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What happens when we execute
 <code>rm -i thesis_backup/quotations.txt</code>? Why would we want this
@@ -2427,7 +2393,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>rm</code> Safely<a class="anchor" aria-lab
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper">
 <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -2470,7 +2436,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <code>rm -r</code> <em>should be used with great caution</em> (you might
 consider adding the interactive option <code>rm -r -i</code>).</p>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories">Operations with multiple files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Oftentimes one needs to copy or move several files at once. This can
@@ -2483,8 +2448,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="copy-with-multiple-filenames" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Copy with Multiple Filenames<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copy-with-multiple-filenames"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Copy with Multiple Filenames</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For this exercise, you can test the commands in the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data</code> directory.</p>
@@ -2522,7 +2486,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>If given more than one file name followed by a directory name
 (i.e. the destination directory must be the last argument),
@@ -2547,8 +2511,7 @@ <h3 id="using-wildcards-for-accessing-multiple-files-at-once">Using wildcards fo
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="wildcards" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#wildcards"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p><code>*</code> is a <strong>wildcard</strong>, which represents zero
 or more other characters. Let’s consider the
@@ -2585,8 +2548,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="list-filenames-matching-a-pattern" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">List filenames matching a pattern<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#list-filenames-matching-a-pattern"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">List filenames matching a pattern</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>When run in the <code>alkanes</code> directory, which <code>ls</code>
 command(s) will produce this output?</p>
@@ -2605,7 +2567,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">List filenames matching a pattern<a class="anchor" ari
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution7">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The solution is <code>3.</code></p>
 <p><code>1.</code> shows all files whose names contain zero or more
@@ -2633,8 +2595,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="more-on-wildcards" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">More on Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#more-on-wildcards"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">More on Wildcards</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Sam has a directory containing calibration data, datasets, and
 descriptions of the datasets:</p>
@@ -2727,7 +2688,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution8">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb57">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -2745,8 +2706,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="organizing-directories-and-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Organizing Directories and Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#organizing-directories-and-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Organizing Directories and Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Jamie is working on a project, and she sees that her files aren’t
 very well organized:</p>
@@ -2792,7 +2752,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution9" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution9">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution9"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9">
+<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb64">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -2813,8 +2773,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="reproduce-a-folder-structure" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Reproduce a folder structure<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#reproduce-a-folder-structure"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Reproduce a folder structure</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You’re starting a new experiment and would like to duplicate the
 directory structure from your previous experiment so you can add new
@@ -2881,7 +2840,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution10" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution10">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution10"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10">
+<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The first two sets of commands achieve this objective. The first set
 uses relative paths to create the top-level directory before the
@@ -2905,8 +2864,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution10"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>
@@ -3060,8 +3018,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="why-isnt-it-doing-anything" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Why Isn’t It Doing Anything?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#why-isnt-it-doing-anything"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Why Isn’t It Doing Anything?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What happens if a command is supposed to process a file, but we don’t
 give it a filename? For example, what if we type:</p>
@@ -3084,7 +3041,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 </div>
 </div>
 <section><h2 class="section-heading" id="capturing-output-from-commands">Capturing output from commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#capturing-output-from-commands"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#capturing-output-from-commands"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Which of these files contains the fewest lines? It’s an easy question
@@ -3140,8 +3096,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="output-page-by-page" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#output-page-by-page"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We’ll continue to use <code>cat</code> in this lesson, for
 convenience and consistency, but it has the disadvantage that it always
@@ -3154,7 +3109,6 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="filtering-output">Filtering output<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filtering-output"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filtering-output"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Next we’ll use the <code>sort</code> command to sort the contents of
@@ -3165,8 +3119,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="what-does-sort--n-do" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>sort -n</code> Do?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#what-does-sort--n-do"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>sort -n</code> Do?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The file <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/numbers.txt</code>
 contains the following lines:</p>
@@ -3205,7 +3158,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>-n</code> option specifies a numerical rather than an
 alphanumerical sort.</p>
@@ -3260,8 +3213,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="redirecting-to-the-same-file" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Redirecting to the same file<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#redirecting-to-the-same-file"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Redirecting to the same file</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>It’s a very bad idea to try redirecting the output of a command that
 operates on a file to the same file. For example:</p>
@@ -3280,8 +3232,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="what-does-mean" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>&gt;&gt;</code> Mean?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#what-does-mean"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>&gt;&gt;</code> Mean?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have seen the use of <code>&gt;</code>, but there is a similar
 operator <code>&gt;&gt;</code> which works slightly differently. We’ll
@@ -3321,7 +3272,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In the first example with <code>&gt;</code>, the string ‘hello’ is
 written to <code>testfile01.txt</code>, but the file gets overwritten
@@ -3339,8 +3290,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="appending-data" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Appending Data<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#appending-data"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Appending Data</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have already met the <code>head</code> command, which prints lines
 from the start of a file. <code>tail</code> is similar, but prints lines
@@ -3374,7 +3324,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 3 is correct. For option 1 to be correct we would only run the
 <code>head</code> command. For option 2 to be correct we would only run
@@ -3387,7 +3337,6 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="passing-output-to-another-command">Passing output to another command<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#passing-output-to-another-command"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#passing-output-to-another-command"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>In our example of finding the file with the fewest lines, we are
@@ -3415,7 +3364,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <p>This has removed the need for the <code>sorted-lengths.txt</code>
 file.</p>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="combining-multiple-commands">Combining multiple commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#combining-multiple-commands"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#combining-multiple-commands"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Nothing prevents us from chaining pipes consecutively. We can for
@@ -3463,8 +3411,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="piping-commands-together" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Piping Commands Together<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#piping-commands-together"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Piping Commands Together</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In our current directory, we want to find the 3 files which have the
 least number of lines. Which command listed below would work?</p>
@@ -3482,7 +3429,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Piping Commands Together<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 4 is the solution. The pipe character <code>|</code> is used
 to connect the output from one command to the input of another.
@@ -3494,7 +3441,6 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="tools-designed-to-work-together">Tools designed to work together<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tools-designed-to-work-together"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tools-designed-to-work-together"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>This idea of linking programs together is why Unix has been so
@@ -3517,8 +3463,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="pipe-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Reading Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#pipe-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Reading Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>A file called <code>animals.csv</code> (in the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/animal-counts</code> folder)
@@ -3549,7 +3494,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>head</code> command extracts the first 5 lines from
 <code>animals.csv</code>. Then, the last 3 lines are extracted from the
@@ -3571,8 +3516,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="pipe-construction" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Construction<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#pipe-construction"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Construction</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For the file <code>animals.csv</code> from the previous exercise,
 consider the following command:</p>
@@ -3613,7 +3557,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb39">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -3629,8 +3573,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="which-pipe" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Which Pipe?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#which-pipe"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Which Pipe?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The file <code>animals.csv</code> contains 8 lines of data formatted
 as follows:</p>
@@ -3664,7 +3607,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution7">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 4. is the correct answer. If you have difficulty understanding
 why, try running the commands, or sub-sections of the pipelines (make
@@ -3676,7 +3619,6 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-checking-files">Nelle’s Pipeline: Checking Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-checking-files"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-checking-files"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Nelle has run her samples through the assay machines and created 17
@@ -3761,8 +3703,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="removing-unneeded-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Removing Unneeded Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-unneeded-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Removing Unneeded Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose you want to delete your processed data files, and only keep
 your raw files and processing script to save storage. The raw files end
@@ -3783,7 +3724,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Removing Unneeded Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="a
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution8">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li><p>This would remove <code>.txt</code> files with one-character
@@ -3805,8 +3746,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>
@@ -3939,8 +3879,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="follow-the-prompt" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Follow the Prompt<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#follow-the-prompt"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Follow the Prompt</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The shell prompt changes from <code>$</code> to <code>&gt;</code> and
 back again as we were typing in our loop. The second prompt,
@@ -3985,8 +3924,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Follow the Prompt<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor"
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="same-symbols-different-meanings" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Same Symbols, Different Meanings<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#same-symbols-different-meanings"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Same Symbols, Different Meanings</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Here we see <code>&gt;</code> being used as a shell prompt, whereas
 <code>&gt;</code> is also used to redirect output. Similarly,
@@ -4041,8 +3979,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="write-your-own-loop" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Write your own loop<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#write-your-own-loop"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Write your own loop</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>How would you write a loop that echoes all 10 numbers from 0 to
 9?</p>
@@ -4054,7 +3991,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Write your own loop<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb7">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -4087,8 +4024,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="variables-in-loops" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Loops<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#variables-in-loops"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Loops</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>This exercise refers to the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code> directory.
@@ -4125,7 +4061,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The first code block gives the same output on each iteration through
 the loop. Bash expands the wildcard <code>*.pdb</code> within the loop
@@ -4172,8 +4108,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="limiting-sets-of-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Limiting Sets of Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#limiting-sets-of-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Limiting Sets of Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What would be the output of running the following loop in the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code> directory?</p>
@@ -4200,7 +4135,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>4 is the correct answer. <code>*</code> matches zero or more
 characters, so any file name starting with the letter c, followed by
@@ -4215,7 +4150,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 <div id="limiting-sets-of-files" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">Limiting Sets of Files<em>
-(continued)</em><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#limiting-sets-of-files"></a>
+(continued)</em>
 </h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>How would the output differ from using this command instead?</p>
@@ -4243,7 +4178,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>4 is the correct answer. <code>*</code> matches zero or more
 characters, so a file name with zero or more characters before a letter
@@ -4257,8 +4192,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-one" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part One<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-one"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part One</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code>
 directory, what is the effect of this loop?</p>
@@ -4294,7 +4228,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li>The text from each file in turn gets written to the
@@ -4311,8 +4245,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-two" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part Two<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-two"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part Two</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Also in the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code>
 directory, what would be the output of the following loop?</p>
@@ -4350,7 +4283,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>3 is the correct answer. <code>&gt;&gt;</code> appends to a file,
 rather than overwriting it with the redirected output from a command.
@@ -4411,8 +4344,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="spaces-in-names" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Spaces in Names<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#spaces-in-names"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Spaces in Names</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Spaces are used to separate the elements of the list that we are
 going to loop over. If one of those elements contains a space character,
@@ -4526,7 +4458,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 executed and demonstrates how the judicious use of <code>echo</code> is
 a good debugging technique.</p>
 <figure><img src="fig/shell_script_for_loop_flow_chart.svg" alt='The for loop "for filename in .dat; do echo cp $filename original-$filename;done" will successively assign the names of all ".dat" files in your currentdirectory to the variable "$filename" and then execute the command. With thefiles "basilisk.dat", "minotaur.dat" and "unicorn.dat" in the current directorythe loop will successively call the echo command three times and print threelines: "cp basislisk.dat original-basilisk.dat", then "cp minotaur.datoriginal-minotaur.dat" and finally "cp unicorn.datoriginal-unicorn.dat"' class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-processing-files">Nelle’s Pipeline: Processing Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-processing-files"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-processing-files"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Nelle is now ready to process her data files using
@@ -4622,8 +4553,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="beginning-and-end" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Beginning and End<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#beginning-and-end"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Beginning and End</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We can move to the beginning of a line in the shell by typing
 <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>A</kbd> and to the end using
@@ -4652,8 +4582,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="those-who-know-history-can-choose-to-repeat-it" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Those Who Know History Can Choose to Repeat It<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#those-who-know-history-can-choose-to-repeat-it"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Those Who Know History Can Choose to Repeat It</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Another way to repeat previous work is to use the
 <code>history</code> command to get a list of the last few hundred
@@ -4685,8 +4614,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="other-history-commands" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Other History Commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-history-commands"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Other History Commands</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>There are a number of other shortcut commands for getting at the
 history.</p>
@@ -4717,8 +4645,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Other History Commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="an
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="doing-a-dry-run" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Doing a Dry Run<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#doing-a-dry-run"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Doing a Dry Run</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>A loop is a way to do many things at once — or to make many mistakes
 at once if it does the wrong thing. One way to check what a loop
@@ -4762,7 +4689,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution7">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The second version is the one we want to run. This prints to screen
 everything enclosed in the quote marks, expanding the loop variable name
@@ -4785,8 +4712,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="nested-loops" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Nested Loops<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nested-loops"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Nested Loops</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose we want to set up a directory structure to organize some
 experiments measuring reaction rate constants with different compounds
@@ -4811,7 +4737,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution8">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We have a nested loop, i.e. contained within another loop, so for
 each species in the outer loop, the inner loop (the nested loop)
@@ -4828,8 +4754,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>A <code>for</code> loop repeats commands once for every thing in a
@@ -4951,8 +4876,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="text-vs.-whatever" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Text vs. Whatever<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#text-vs.-whatever"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Text vs. Whatever</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We usually call programs like Microsoft Word or LibreOffice Writer
 “text editors”, but we need to be a bit more careful when it comes to
@@ -5017,8 +4941,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="double-quotes-around-arguments" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Double-Quotes Around Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#double-quotes-around-arguments"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Double-Quotes Around Arguments</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For the same reason that we put the loop variable inside
 double-quotes, in case the filename happens to contain any spaces, we
@@ -5146,8 +5069,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="list-unique-species" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">List Unique Species<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#list-unique-species"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">List Unique Species</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Leah has several hundred data files, each of which is formatted like
 this:</p>
@@ -5178,7 +5100,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">List Unique Species<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb25">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -5223,8 +5145,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="why-record-commands-in-the-history-before-running-them" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Why Record Commands in the History Before Running Them?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#why-record-commands-in-the-history-before-running-them"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Why Record Commands in the History Before Running Them?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If you run the command:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb28">
@@ -5245,7 +5166,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>If a command causes something to crash or hang, it might be useful to
 know what that command was, in order to investigate the problem. Were
@@ -5262,7 +5183,6 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 one call to <code>history</code> and a bit of editing to clean up the
 output and save it as a shell script.</p>
 <section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script">Nelle’s Pipeline: Creating a Script<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Nelle’s supervisor insisted that all her analytics must be
@@ -5333,8 +5253,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="variables-in-shell-scripts" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Shell Scripts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#variables-in-shell-scripts"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Shell Scripts</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In the <code>alkanes</code> directory, imagine you have a shell
 script called <code>script.sh</code> containing the following
@@ -5371,7 +5290,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The correct answer is 2.</p>
 <p>The special variables <code>$1</code>, <code>$2</code> and
@@ -5396,8 +5315,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="find-the-longest-file-with-a-given-extension" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Find the Longest File With a Given Extension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#find-the-longest-file-with-a-given-extension"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Find the Longest File With a Given Extension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Write a shell script called <code>longest.sh</code> that takes the
 name of a directory and a filename extension as its arguments, and
@@ -5425,7 +5343,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb40">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -5456,8 +5374,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="script-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Script Reading Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#script-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Script Reading Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For this question, consider the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code> directory once
@@ -5495,7 +5412,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Solutions </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In each case, the shell expands the wildcard in <code>*.pdb</code>
 before passing the resulting list of file names as arguments to the
@@ -5524,8 +5441,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="debugging-scripts" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Debugging Scripts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#debugging-scripts"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Debugging Scripts</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose you have saved the following script in a file called
 <code>do-errors.sh</code> in Nelle’s <code>north-pacific-gyre</code>
@@ -5564,7 +5480,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>-x</code> option causes <code>bash</code> to run in debug
 mode. This prints out each command as it is run, which will help you to
@@ -5581,8 +5497,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>Save commands in files (usually called shell scripts) for
@@ -5871,7 +5786,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="using-grep" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>grep</code><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#using-grep"></a>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>grep</code>
 </h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Which command would result in the following output:</p>
@@ -5894,7 +5809,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The correct answer is 3, because the <code>-w</code> option looks
 only for whole-word matches. The other options will also match ‘of’ when
@@ -5908,8 +5823,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="wildcards" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#wildcards"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p><code>grep</code>‘s real power doesn’t come from its options, though;
 it comes from the fact that patterns can include wildcards. (The
@@ -5946,8 +5860,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="tracking-a-species" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Tracking a Species<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tracking-a-species"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Tracking a Species</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Leah has several hundred data files saved in one directory, each of
 which is formatted like this:</p>
@@ -5994,7 +5907,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre class="source"><code>grep -w $1 -r $2 | cut -d : -f 2 | cut -d , -f 1,3 &gt; $1.txt</code></pre>
 <p>Actually, you can swap the order of the two cut commands and it still
@@ -6016,8 +5929,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="little-women" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Little Women<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#little-women"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Little Women</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You and your friend, having just finished reading <em>Little
 Women</em> by Louisa May Alcott, are in an argument. Of the four sisters
@@ -6042,7 +5954,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Little Women<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Solutions </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre class="source"><code>for sis in Jo Meg Beth Amy
 do
@@ -6222,8 +6134,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="listing-vs.-finding" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Listing vs. Finding<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#listing-vs.-finding"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Listing vs. Finding</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p><code>ls</code> and <code>find</code> can be made to do similar
 things given the right options, but under normal circumstances,
@@ -6289,8 +6200,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="matching-and-subtracting" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Matching and Subtracting<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#matching-and-subtracting"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Matching and Subtracting</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The <code>-v</code> option to <code>grep</code> inverts pattern
 matching, so that only lines which do <em>not</em> match the pattern are
@@ -6312,7 +6222,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Matching and Subtracting<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 1 is correct. Putting the match expression in quotes prevents
 the shell expanding it, so it gets passed to the <code>find</code>
@@ -6333,8 +6243,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="binary-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Binary Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#binary-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Binary Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have focused exclusively on finding patterns in text files. What
 if your data is stored as images, in databases, or in some other
@@ -6372,8 +6281,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Binary Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href
 <div id="find-pipeline-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">
 <code>find</code> Pipeline Reading
-Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#find-pipeline-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Write a short explanatory comment for the following shell script:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb50">
@@ -6389,7 +6297,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li><p>Find all files with a <code>.dat</code> extension recursively
@@ -6406,8 +6314,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>
@@ -6475,8 +6382,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/aio.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/aio.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/discuss.html b/discuss.html
index 505e58559..0d4a11e1d 100644
--- a/discuss.html
+++ b/discuss.html
@@ -326,8 +326,7 @@ <h1>Discussion</h1>
 
         
 
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="alphabet-soup">Alphabet Soup<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#alphabet-soup"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#alphabet-soup"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="alphabet-soup">Alphabet Soup<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#alphabet-soup"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>If the command to find out who we are is <code>whoami</code>, the
 command to find out where we are ought to be called
 <code>whereami</code>, so why is it <code>pwd</code> instead? The usual
@@ -339,8 +338,7 @@ <h1>Discussion</h1>
 by one, without any master plan, by people who were immersed in its
 jargon. The result is as inconsistent as the roolz uv Inglish speling,
 but we’re stuck with it now.</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="job-control-codes">Job Control Codes<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#job-control-codes"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#job-control-codes"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="job-control-codes">Job Control Codes<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#job-control-codes"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>The shell accepts a few special commands that allow users to interact
 with running processes or programs. You can enter each of these “control
 codes” by holding down the <code>Ctrl</code> key and then pressing one
@@ -369,8 +367,7 @@ <h1>Discussion</h1>
 the differences. In general, if something went wrong and you just want
 to get your shell prompt back, it is better to use
 <code>Ctrl-C</code>.</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="other-shells">Other Shells<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-shells"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-shells"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="other-shells">Other Shells<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-shells"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Before Bash became popular in the end of nineties, scientists widely
 used (and some still use) another shell, C-shell, or Csh. Bash and Csh
 have similar feature sets, but their syntax rules are different and this
@@ -381,8 +378,7 @@ <h1>Discussion</h1>
 Unix-like tools for Windows) but if you get strange errors in shell
 scripts written by colleagues, check to see which shell they were
 written for.</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="bash-configurations">Bash Configurations<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#bash-configurations"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#bash-configurations"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="bash-configurations">Bash Configurations<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#bash-configurations"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Want to customize paths, environment variables, aliases, and other
 behaviors of your shell? This excellent blog post “<a href="https://blog.dghubble.io/posts/.bashprofile-.profile-and-.bashrc-conventions/" class="external-link">Bash
 Configurations Demystified</a>” from Dalton Hubble covers tips, tricks,
@@ -446,7 +442,7 @@ <h1>Discussion</h1>
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/discuss.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-02-20",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/images.html b/images.html
index 2227d9402..e81212556 100644
--- a/images.html
+++ b/images.html
@@ -450,8 +450,8 @@ <h3 id="05-loop-figure-1">Figure 1</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/images.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/images.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index 64149b8c0..f04566dcb 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -334,8 +334,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="check"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="prerequisites" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Prerequisites<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#prerequisites"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Prerequisites</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>This lesson guides you through the basics of file systems and the
 shell. If you have stored files on a computer at all and recognize the
@@ -350,21 +349,18 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Prerequisites<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" hre
 </div>
 
 
-      <section id="setup"><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="download-files">Download files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#download-files"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#download-files"></a></h2>
+      <section id="setup"><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="download-files">Download files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#download-files"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>You need to download some files to follow this lesson.</p>
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li>Download <a href="data/shell-lesson-data.zip">shell-lesson-data.zip</a> and move the
 file to your Desktop.</li>
 <li>Unzip/extract the file. <strong>Let your instructor know if you need
 help with this step</strong>. You should end up with a new folder called
 <strong><code>shell-lesson-data</code></strong> on your Desktop.</li>
-</ol></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="install-software">Install software<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#install-software"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#install-software"></a></h2>
+</ol></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="install-software">Install software<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#install-software"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>If you do not already have the shell software installed, you will
 need to <a href="https://carpentries.github.io/workshop-template/install_instructions/#shell" class="external-link">download
 and install</a> it.</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="open-a-new-shell">Open a new shell<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#open-a-new-shell"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#open-a-new-shell"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="open-a-new-shell">Open a new shell<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#open-a-new-shell"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>After installing the software</p>
 <ol start="3" style="list-style-type: decimal"><li>Open a terminal. If you’re not sure how to open a terminal on your
 operating system, see the instructions below.</li>
@@ -379,8 +375,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Prerequisites<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" hre
 </div>
 <div id="where-to-type-commands-how-to-open-a-new-shell" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">Where to type commands: How to open a new
-shell<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#where-to-type-commands-how-to-open-a-new-shell"></a>
-</h3>
+shell</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The shell is a program that enables us to send commands to the
 computer and receive output. It is also referred to as the terminal or
@@ -403,7 +398,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Windows
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Computers with Windows operating systems do not automatically have a
 Unix Shell program installed. In this lesson, we encourage you to use an
@@ -430,7 +425,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   MacOS
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>For a Mac computer running macOS Mojave or earlier releases, the
 default Unix Shell is Bash. For a Mac computer running macOS Catalina or
@@ -458,7 +453,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Linux
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The default Unix Shell for Linux operating systems is usually Bash.
 On most versions of Linux, it is accessible by running the <a href="https://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-terminal/stable/" class="external-link">Gnome
@@ -519,8 +514,8 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/index.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/index.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor-notes.html b/instructor-notes.html
index d53b25c82..90d308690 100644
--- a/instructor-notes.html
+++ b/instructor-notes.html
@@ -404,7 +404,6 @@ <h1>Instructor Notes</h1>
 </li>
 </ul>
 <section><h2 class="section-heading" id="overall">Overall<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#overall"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#overall"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Many people have questioned whether we should still teach the shell.
@@ -452,7 +451,6 @@ <h1>Instructor Notes</h1>
 <li>the shell refusing to run scripts that include DOS line
 endings.</li>
 </ul></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="preparing-to-teach">Preparing to Teach<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#preparing-to-teach"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#preparing-to-teach"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <ul>
@@ -491,7 +489,6 @@ <h1>Instructor Notes</h1>
 is a place where the lesson is lacking, feel free to file an issue or
 submit a pull request.</p></li>
 </ul></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="teaching-notes">Teaching Notes<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#teaching-notes"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#teaching-notes"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <ul>
@@ -603,7 +600,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <code>head</code> takes <code>-n 10</code> or <code>-10</code>, but not
 the long form of <code>--lines=10</code>.</p></li>
 </ul></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="windows">Windows<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#windows"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#windows"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Installing Bash and a reasonable set of Unix commands on Windows
@@ -687,8 +683,8 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor-notes.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor-notes.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/01-intro.html b/instructor/01-intro.html
index 9233c675b..5ce8fff2d 100644
--- a/instructor/01-intro.html
+++ b/instructor/01-intro.html
@@ -465,8 +465,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="コマンドが見つからないとき" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">コマンドが見つからないとき<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#%E3%82%B3%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%81%8C%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%A4%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%A8%E3%81%8D"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">コマンドが見つからないとき</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If the shell can’t find a program whose name is the command you
 typed, it will print an error message such as:</p>
@@ -486,8 +485,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem">Nelle’s Pipeline: A Typical Problem<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem">Nelle’s Pipeline: A Typical Problem<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Nelle Nemo, a marine biologist, has just returned from a six-month
 survey of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Pacific_Gyre" class="external-link">North Pacific
 Gyre</a>, where she has been sampling gelatinous marine life in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Pacific_Garbage_Patch" class="external-link">Great
@@ -523,8 +521,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>A shell is a program whose primary purpose is to read commands and
 run other programs.</li>
@@ -599,7 +596,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/01-intro.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/02-filedir.html b/instructor/02-filedir.html
index 81bb3ce06..1167b9897 100644
--- a/instructor/02-filedir.html
+++ b/instructor/02-filedir.html
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ <h3 class="card-title">Objectives</h3>
 <button class="accordion-button instructor-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseInstructor1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseInstructor1">
   <h3 class="accordion-header" id="headingInstructor1">  <div class="note-square"><i aria-hidden="true" class="callout-icon" data-feather="edit-2"></i></div> Instructor Note </h3>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseInstructor1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingInstructor1" data-bs-parent="#accordionInstructor1">
+<div id="collapseInstructor1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionInstructor1" aria-labelledby="headingInstructor1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Introducing and navigating the filesystem in the shell (covered in <a href="02-filedir.html">Navigating Files and Directories</a> section) can
 be confusing. You may have both terminal and GUI file explorer open side
@@ -418,8 +418,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="home-directory-variation" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Home Directory Variation<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#home-directory-variation"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Home Directory Variation</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The home directory path will look different on different operating
 systems. On Linux, it may look like <code>/home/nelle</code>, and on
@@ -463,8 +462,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Home Directory Variation<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="slashes" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Slashes<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#slashes"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Slashes</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Notice that there are two meanings for the <code>/</code> character.
 When it appears at the front of a file or directory name, it refers to
@@ -531,8 +529,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="clearing-your-terminal" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Clearing your terminal<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#clearing-your-terminal"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Clearing your terminal</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If your screen gets too cluttered, you can clear your terminal using
 the <code>clear</code> command. You can still access previous commands
@@ -567,8 +564,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="help-for-built-in-commands" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Help for built-in commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#help-for-built-in-commands"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Help for built-in commands</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Some commands are built in to the Bash shell, rather than existing as
 separate programs on the filesystem. One example is the <code>cd</code>
@@ -623,8 +619,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="when-to-use-short-or-long-options" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">When to use short or long options<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#when-to-use-short-or-long-options"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">When to use short or long options</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>When options exist as both short and long options:</p>
 <ul><li>Use the short option when typing commands directly into the shell to
@@ -639,8 +634,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">When to use short or long options<a class="anchor" ari
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="unsupported-command-line-options" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Unsupported command-line options<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#unsupported-command-line-options"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Unsupported command-line options</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If you try to use an option that is not supported, <code>ls</code>
 and other commands will usually print an error message similar to:</p>
@@ -684,8 +678,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="manual-pages-on-the-web" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Manual pages on the web<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#manual-pages-on-the-web"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Manual pages on the web</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Of course, there is a third way to access help for commands:
 searching the internet via your web browser. When using internet search,
@@ -703,8 +696,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Manual pages on the web<a class="anchor" aria-label="a
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="exploring-more-ls-options" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Exploring More <code>ls</code> Options<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#exploring-more-ls-options"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Exploring More <code>ls</code> Options</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You can also use two options at the same time. What does the command
 <code>ls</code> do when used with the <code>-l</code> option? What about
@@ -720,7 +712,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Exploring More <code>ls</code> Options<a class="anchor
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>-l</code> option makes <code>ls</code> use a
 <strong>l</strong>ong listing format, showing not only the
@@ -738,8 +730,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="listing-in-reverse-chronological-order" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Listing in Reverse Chronological Order<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#listing-in-reverse-chronological-order"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Listing in Reverse Chronological Order</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>By default, <code>ls</code> lists the contents of a directory in
 alphabetical order by name. The command <code>ls -t</code> lists items
@@ -756,7 +747,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Listing in Reverse Chronological Order<a class="anchor
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The most recently changed file is listed last when using
 <code>-rt</code>. This can be very useful for finding your most recent
@@ -938,8 +929,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="other-hidden-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Other Hidden Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-hidden-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Other Hidden Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In addition to the hidden directories <code>..</code> and
 <code>.</code>, you may also see a file called
@@ -1030,8 +1020,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="two-more-shortcuts" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Two More Shortcuts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#two-more-shortcuts"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Two More Shortcuts</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The shell interprets a tilde (<code>~</code>) character at the start
 of a path to mean “the current user’s home directory”. For example, if
@@ -1080,8 +1069,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="absolute-vs-relative-paths" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Absolute vs Relative Paths<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#absolute-vs-relative-paths"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Absolute vs Relative Paths</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Starting from <code>/Users/nelle/data</code>, which of the following
 commands could Nelle use to navigate to her home directory, which is
@@ -1103,7 +1091,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Absolute vs Relative Paths<a class="anchor" aria-label
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li><p>No: <code>.</code> stands for the current directory.</p></li>
 <li><p>No: <code>/</code> stands for the root directory.</p></li>
@@ -1126,8 +1114,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="relative-path-resolution" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Relative Path Resolution<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#relative-path-resolution"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Relative Path Resolution</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Using the filesystem diagram below, if <code>pwd</code> displays
 <code>/Users/thing</code>, what will <code>ls -F ../backup</code>
@@ -1144,7 +1131,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Relative Path Resolution<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li><p>No: there <em>is</em> a directory <code>backup</code> in
 <code>/Users</code>.</p></li>
@@ -1163,8 +1150,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 <div id="ls-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">
-<code>ls</code> Reading Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ls-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+<code>ls</code> Reading Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Using the filesystem diagram below, if <code>pwd</code> displays
 <code>/Users/backup</code>, and <code>-r</code> tells <code>ls</code> to
@@ -1186,7 +1172,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li><p>No: <code>pwd</code> is not the name of a directory.</p></li>
 <li><p>Yes: <code>ls</code> without directory argument lists files and
@@ -1197,8 +1183,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="general-syntax-of-a-shell-command">General Syntax of a Shell Command<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#general-syntax-of-a-shell-command"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#general-syntax-of-a-shell-command"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="general-syntax-of-a-shell-command">General Syntax of a Shell Command<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#general-syntax-of-a-shell-command"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>We have now encountered commands, options, and arguments, but it is
 perhaps useful to formalise some terminology.</p>
 <p>Consider the command below as a general example of a command, which
@@ -1334,8 +1319,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>The file system is responsible for managing information on the
 disk.</li>
@@ -1428,7 +1412,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/02-filedir.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/03-create.html b/instructor/03-create.html
index 5b18f2031..a84ace028 100644
--- a/instructor/03-create.html
+++ b/instructor/03-create.html
@@ -368,8 +368,7 @@ <h3 class="card-title">Objectives</h3>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="creating-directories">Creating directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-directories"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="creating-directories">Creating directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-directories"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>We now know how to explore files and directories, but how do we
 create them in the first place?</p>
 <p>In this episode we will learn about creating and moving files and
@@ -466,8 +465,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="two-ways-of-doing-the-same-thing" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Two ways of doing the same thing<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#two-ways-of-doing-the-same-thing"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Two ways of doing the same thing</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Using the shell to create a directory is no different than using a
 file explorer. If you open the current directory using your operating
@@ -483,8 +481,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Two ways of doing the same thing<a class="anchor" aria
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="good-names-for-files-and-directories" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Good names for files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#good-names-for-files-and-directories"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Good names for files and directories</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Complicated names of files and directories can make your life painful
 when working on the command line. Here we provide a few useful tips for
@@ -517,7 +514,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Good names for files and directories<a class="anchor"
 <button class="accordion-button instructor-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseInstructor1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseInstructor1">
   <h3 class="accordion-header" id="headingInstructor1">  <div class="note-square"><i aria-hidden="true" class="callout-icon" data-feather="edit-2"></i></div> Instructor Note </h3>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseInstructor1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionInstructor1" aria-labelledby="headingInstructor1">
+<div id="collapseInstructor1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingInstructor1" data-bs-parent="#accordionInstructor1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Learners can sometimes get trapped within command-line text editors
 such as Vim, Emacs, or Nano. Closing the terminal emulator and opening a
@@ -546,8 +543,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="which-editor" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Which Editor?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#which-editor"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Which Editor?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>When we say, ‘<code>nano</code> is a text editor’ we really do mean
 ‘text’. It can only work with plain character data, not tables, images,
@@ -584,8 +580,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Which Editor?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" hre
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="control-ctrl-or-key" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Control, Ctrl, or ^ Key<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#control-ctrl-or-key"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Control, Ctrl, or ^ Key</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The Control key is also called the ‘Ctrl’ key. There are various ways
 in which using the Control key may be described. For example, you may
@@ -622,8 +617,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="creating-files-a-different-way" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Creating Files a Different Way<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-files-a-different-way"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Creating Files a Different Way</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have seen how to create text files using the <code>nano</code>
 editor. Now, try the following command:</p>
@@ -646,7 +640,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li><p>The <code>touch</code> command generates a new file called
 <code>my_file.txt</code> in your current directory. You can observe this
@@ -672,7 +666,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 <div id="creating-files-a-different-way" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">Creating Files a Different Way<em>
-(continued)</em><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-files-a-different-way"></a>
+(continued)</em>
 </h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>To avoid confusion later on, we suggest removing the file you’ve just
@@ -692,8 +686,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="whats-in-a-name" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">What’s In A Name?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#whats-in-a-name"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">What’s In A Name?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You may have noticed that all of Nelle’s files are named ‘something
 dot something’, and in this part of the lesson, we always used the
@@ -721,8 +714,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">What’s In A Name?<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="moving-files-and-directories">Moving files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="moving-files-and-directories">Moving files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Returning to the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/writing</code>
 directory,</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb17">
@@ -821,8 +813,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="moving-files-to-a-new-folder" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Moving Files to a new folder<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-to-a-new-folder"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Moving Files to a new folder</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>After running the following commands, Jamie realizes that she put the
 files <code>sucrose.dat</code> and <code>maltose.dat</code> into the
@@ -852,7 +843,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb30">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -866,8 +857,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="copying-files-and-directories">Copying files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copying-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copying-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="copying-files-and-directories">Copying files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copying-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>The <code>cp</code> command works very much like <code>mv</code>,
 except it copies a file instead of moving it. We can check that it did
 the right thing using <code>ls</code> with two paths as arguments — like
@@ -922,8 +912,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="renaming-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Renaming Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#renaming-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Renaming Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose that you created a plain-text file in your current directory
 to contain a list of the statistical tests you will need to do to
@@ -943,7 +932,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Renaming Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" hr
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li>No. While this would create a file with the correct name, the
 incorrectly named file still exists in the directory and would need to
@@ -962,8 +951,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="moving-and-copying" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Moving and Copying<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-and-copying"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Moving and Copying</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What is the output of the closing <code>ls</code> command in the
 sequence shown below?</p>
@@ -1007,7 +995,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We start in the <code>/Users/jamie/data</code> directory, and create
 a new folder called <code>recombined</code>. The second line moves
@@ -1034,8 +1022,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="removing-files-and-directories">Removing files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="removing-files-and-directories">Removing files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Returning to the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/writing</code>
 directory, let’s tidy up this directory by removing the
 <code>quotes.txt</code> file we created. The Unix command we’ll use for
@@ -1061,8 +1048,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">ERROR<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="deleting-is-forever" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Deleting Is Forever<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#deleting-is-forever"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Deleting Is Forever</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The Unix shell doesn’t have a trash bin that we can recover deleted
 files from (though most graphical interfaces to Unix do). Instead, when
@@ -1079,8 +1065,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Deleting Is Forever<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="using-rm-safely" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>rm</code> Safely<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#using-rm-safely"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>rm</code> Safely</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What happens when we execute
 <code>rm -i thesis_backup/quotations.txt</code>? Why would we want this
@@ -1093,7 +1078,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>rm</code> Safely<a class="anchor" aria-lab
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper">
 <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1135,8 +1120,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <p>Given that there is no way to retrieve files deleted using the shell,
 <code>rm -r</code> <em>should be used with great caution</em> (you might
 consider adding the interactive option <code>rm -r -i</code>).</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories">Operations with multiple files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories">Operations with multiple files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Oftentimes one needs to copy or move several files at once. This can
 be done by providing a list of individual filenames, or specifying a
 naming pattern using wildcards. Wildcards are special characters that
@@ -1147,8 +1131,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="copy-with-multiple-filenames" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Copy with Multiple Filenames<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copy-with-multiple-filenames"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Copy with Multiple Filenames</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For this exercise, you can test the commands in the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data</code> directory.</p>
@@ -1186,7 +1169,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>If given more than one file name followed by a directory name
 (i.e. the destination directory must be the last argument),
@@ -1210,8 +1193,7 @@ <h3 id="using-wildcards-for-accessing-multiple-files-at-once">Using wildcards fo
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="wildcards" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#wildcards"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p><code>*</code> is a <strong>wildcard</strong>, which represents zero
 or more other characters. Let’s consider the
@@ -1248,8 +1230,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="list-filenames-matching-a-pattern" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">List filenames matching a pattern<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#list-filenames-matching-a-pattern"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">List filenames matching a pattern</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>When run in the <code>alkanes</code> directory, which <code>ls</code>
 command(s) will produce this output?</p>
@@ -1266,7 +1247,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">List filenames matching a pattern<a class="anchor" ari
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution7">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The solution is <code>3.</code></p>
 <p><code>1.</code> shows all files whose names contain zero or more
@@ -1294,8 +1275,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="more-on-wildcards" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">More on Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#more-on-wildcards"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">More on Wildcards</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Sam has a directory containing calibration data, datasets, and
 descriptions of the datasets:</p>
@@ -1388,7 +1368,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution8">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb57">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1406,8 +1386,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="organizing-directories-and-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Organizing Directories and Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#organizing-directories-and-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Organizing Directories and Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Jamie is working on a project, and she sees that her files aren’t
 very well organized:</p>
@@ -1453,7 +1432,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution9" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution9">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution9"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9">
+<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb64">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1474,8 +1453,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="reproduce-a-folder-structure" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Reproduce a folder structure<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#reproduce-a-folder-structure"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Reproduce a folder structure</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You’re starting a new experiment and would like to duplicate the
 directory structure from your previous experiment so you can add new
@@ -1542,7 +1520,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution10" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution10">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution10"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10">
+<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The first two sets of commands achieve this objective. The first set
 uses relative paths to create the top-level directory before the
@@ -1566,8 +1544,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution10"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>
 <code>cp [old] [new]</code> copies a file.</li>
@@ -1657,7 +1634,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/03-create.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/04-pipefilter.html b/instructor/04-pipefilter.html
index 5e78150bf..395c79974 100644
--- a/instructor/04-pipefilter.html
+++ b/instructor/04-pipefilter.html
@@ -453,8 +453,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="why-isnt-it-doing-anything" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Why Isn’t It Doing Anything?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#why-isnt-it-doing-anything"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Why Isn’t It Doing Anything?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What happens if a command is supposed to process a file, but we don’t
 give it a filename? For example, what if we type:</p>
@@ -476,8 +475,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="capturing-output-from-commands">Capturing output from commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#capturing-output-from-commands"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#capturing-output-from-commands"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="capturing-output-from-commands">Capturing output from commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#capturing-output-from-commands"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Which of these files contains the fewest lines? It’s an easy question
 to answer when there are only six files, but what if there were 6000?
 Our first step toward a solution is to run the command:</p>
@@ -531,8 +529,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="output-page-by-page" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#output-page-by-page"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We’ll continue to use <code>cat</code> in this lesson, for
 convenience and consistency, but it has the disadvantage that it always
@@ -544,8 +541,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="filtering-output">Filtering output<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filtering-output"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filtering-output"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="filtering-output">Filtering output<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filtering-output"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Next we’ll use the <code>sort</code> command to sort the contents of
 the <code>lengths.txt</code> file. But first we’ll do an exercise to
 learn a little about the sort command:</p>
@@ -554,8 +550,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="what-does-sort--n-do" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>sort -n</code> Do?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#what-does-sort--n-do"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>sort -n</code> Do?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The file <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/numbers.txt</code>
 contains the following lines:</p>
@@ -594,7 +589,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>-n</code> option specifies a numerical rather than an
 alphanumerical sort.</p>
@@ -649,8 +644,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="redirecting-to-the-same-file" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Redirecting to the same file<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#redirecting-to-the-same-file"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Redirecting to the same file</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>It’s a very bad idea to try redirecting the output of a command that
 operates on a file to the same file. For example:</p>
@@ -669,8 +663,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="what-does-mean" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>&gt;&gt;</code> Mean?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#what-does-mean"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>&gt;&gt;</code> Mean?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have seen the use of <code>&gt;</code>, but there is a similar
 operator <code>&gt;&gt;</code> which works slightly differently. We’ll
@@ -710,7 +703,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In the first example with <code>&gt;</code>, the string ‘hello’ is
 written to <code>testfile01.txt</code>, but the file gets overwritten
@@ -728,8 +721,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="appending-data" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Appending Data<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#appending-data"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Appending Data</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have already met the <code>head</code> command, which prints lines
 from the start of a file. <code>tail</code> is similar, but prints lines
@@ -761,7 +753,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 3 is correct. For option 1 to be correct we would only run the
 <code>head</code> command. For option 2 to be correct we would only run
@@ -773,8 +765,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="passing-output-to-another-command">Passing output to another command<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#passing-output-to-another-command"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#passing-output-to-another-command"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="passing-output-to-another-command">Passing output to another command<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#passing-output-to-another-command"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>In our example of finding the file with the fewest lines, we are
 using two intermediate files <code>lengths.txt</code> and
 <code>sorted-lengths.txt</code> to store output. This is a confusing way
@@ -799,8 +790,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 right.</p>
 <p>This has removed the need for the <code>sorted-lengths.txt</code>
 file.</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="combining-multiple-commands">Combining multiple commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#combining-multiple-commands"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#combining-multiple-commands"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="combining-multiple-commands">Combining multiple commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#combining-multiple-commands"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Nothing prevents us from chaining pipes consecutively. We can for
 example send the output of <code>wc</code> directly to
 <code>sort</code>, and then send the resulting output to
@@ -846,8 +836,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="piping-commands-together" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Piping Commands Together<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#piping-commands-together"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Piping Commands Together</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In our current directory, we want to find the 3 files which have the
 least number of lines. Which command listed below would work?</p>
@@ -863,7 +852,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Piping Commands Together<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 4 is the solution. The pipe character <code>|</code> is used
 to connect the output from one command to the input of another.
@@ -874,8 +863,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="tools-designed-to-work-together">Tools designed to work together<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tools-designed-to-work-together"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tools-designed-to-work-together"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="tools-designed-to-work-together">Tools designed to work together<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tools-designed-to-work-together"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>This idea of linking programs together is why Unix has been so
 successful. Instead of creating enormous programs that try to do many
 different things, Unix programmers focus on creating lots of simple
@@ -896,8 +884,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="pipe-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Reading Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#pipe-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Reading Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>A file called <code>animals.csv</code> (in the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/animal-counts</code> folder)
@@ -928,7 +915,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>head</code> command extracts the first 5 lines from
 <code>animals.csv</code>. Then, the last 3 lines are extracted from the
@@ -950,8 +937,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="pipe-construction" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Construction<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#pipe-construction"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Construction</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For the file <code>animals.csv</code> from the previous exercise,
 consider the following command:</p>
@@ -992,7 +978,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb39">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1008,8 +994,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="which-pipe" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Which Pipe?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#which-pipe"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Which Pipe?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The file <code>animals.csv</code> contains 8 lines of data formatted
 as follows:</p>
@@ -1041,7 +1026,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution7">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 4. is the correct answer. If you have difficulty understanding
 why, try running the commands, or sub-sections of the pipelines (make
@@ -1052,8 +1037,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-checking-files">Nelle’s Pipeline: Checking Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-checking-files"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-checking-files"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-checking-files">Nelle’s Pipeline: Checking Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-checking-files"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Nelle has run her samples through the assay machines and created 17
 files in the <code>north-pacific-gyre</code> directory described
 earlier. As a quick check, starting from the
@@ -1136,8 +1120,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="removing-unneeded-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Removing Unneeded Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-unneeded-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Removing Unneeded Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose you want to delete your processed data files, and only keep
 your raw files and processing script to save storage. The raw files end
@@ -1156,7 +1139,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Removing Unneeded Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="a
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution8">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li><p>This would remove <code>.txt</code> files with one-character
 names</p></li>
@@ -1176,8 +1159,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>
 <code>wc</code> counts lines, words, and characters in its
@@ -1263,7 +1245,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/04-pipefilter.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/05-loop.html b/instructor/05-loop.html
index 4a8ddca95..8ed816d3e 100644
--- a/instructor/05-loop.html
+++ b/instructor/05-loop.html
@@ -431,8 +431,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="follow-the-prompt" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Follow the Prompt<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#follow-the-prompt"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Follow the Prompt</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The shell prompt changes from <code>$</code> to <code>&gt;</code> and
 back again as we were typing in our loop. The second prompt,
@@ -477,8 +476,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Follow the Prompt<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor"
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="same-symbols-different-meanings" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Same Symbols, Different Meanings<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#same-symbols-different-meanings"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Same Symbols, Different Meanings</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Here we see <code>&gt;</code> being used as a shell prompt, whereas
 <code>&gt;</code> is also used to redirect output. Similarly,
@@ -533,8 +531,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="write-your-own-loop" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Write your own loop<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#write-your-own-loop"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Write your own loop</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>How would you write a loop that echoes all 10 numbers from 0 to
 9?</p>
@@ -546,7 +543,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Write your own loop<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb7">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -579,8 +576,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="variables-in-loops" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Loops<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#variables-in-loops"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Loops</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>This exercise refers to the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code> directory.
@@ -617,7 +613,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The first code block gives the same output on each iteration through
 the loop. Bash expands the wildcard <code>*.pdb</code> within the loop
@@ -664,8 +660,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="limiting-sets-of-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Limiting Sets of Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#limiting-sets-of-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Limiting Sets of Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What would be the output of running the following loop in the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code> directory?</p>
@@ -690,7 +685,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>4 is the correct answer. <code>*</code> matches zero or more
 characters, so any file name starting with the letter c, followed by
@@ -705,7 +700,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 <div id="limiting-sets-of-files" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">Limiting Sets of Files<em>
-(continued)</em><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#limiting-sets-of-files"></a>
+(continued)</em>
 </h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>How would the output differ from using this command instead?</p>
@@ -731,7 +726,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>4 is the correct answer. <code>*</code> matches zero or more
 characters, so a file name with zero or more characters before a letter
@@ -745,8 +740,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-one" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part One<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-one"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part One</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code>
 directory, what is the effect of this loop?</p>
@@ -780,7 +774,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li>The text from each file in turn gets written to the
 <code>alkanes.pdb</code> file. However, the file gets overwritten on
@@ -795,8 +789,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-two" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part Two<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-two"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part Two</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Also in the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code>
 directory, what would be the output of the following loop?</p>
@@ -832,7 +825,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>3 is the correct answer. <code>&gt;&gt;</code> appends to a file,
 rather than overwriting it with the redirected output from a command.
@@ -893,8 +886,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="spaces-in-names" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Spaces in Names<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#spaces-in-names"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Spaces in Names</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Spaces are used to separate the elements of the list that we are
 going to loop over. If one of those elements contains a space character,
@@ -1007,8 +999,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <p>The following diagram shows what happens when the modified loop is
 executed and demonstrates how the judicious use of <code>echo</code> is
 a good debugging technique.</p>
-<figure><img src="../fig/shell_script_for_loop_flow_chart.svg" alt='The for loop "for filename in .dat; do echo cp $filename original-$filename;done" will successively assign the names of all ".dat" files in your currentdirectory to the variable "$filename" and then execute the command. With thefiles "basilisk.dat", "minotaur.dat" and "unicorn.dat" in the current directorythe loop will successively call the echo command three times and print threelines: "cp basislisk.dat original-basilisk.dat", then "cp minotaur.datoriginal-minotaur.dat" and finally "cp unicorn.datoriginal-unicorn.dat"' class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-processing-files">Nelle’s Pipeline: Processing Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-processing-files"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-processing-files"></a></h2>
+<figure><img src="../fig/shell_script_for_loop_flow_chart.svg" alt='The for loop "for filename in .dat; do echo cp $filename original-$filename;done" will successively assign the names of all ".dat" files in your currentdirectory to the variable "$filename" and then execute the command. With thefiles "basilisk.dat", "minotaur.dat" and "unicorn.dat" in the current directorythe loop will successively call the echo command three times and print threelines: "cp basislisk.dat original-basilisk.dat", then "cp minotaur.datoriginal-minotaur.dat" and finally "cp unicorn.datoriginal-unicorn.dat"' class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-processing-files">Nelle’s Pipeline: Processing Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-processing-files"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Nelle is now ready to process her data files using
 <code>goostats.sh</code> — a shell script written by her supervisor.
 This calculates some statistics from a protein sample file and takes two
@@ -1100,8 +1091,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="beginning-and-end" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Beginning and End<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#beginning-and-end"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Beginning and End</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We can move to the beginning of a line in the shell by typing
 <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>A</kbd> and to the end using
@@ -1130,8 +1120,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="those-who-know-history-can-choose-to-repeat-it" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Those Who Know History Can Choose to Repeat It<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#those-who-know-history-can-choose-to-repeat-it"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Those Who Know History Can Choose to Repeat It</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Another way to repeat previous work is to use the
 <code>history</code> command to get a list of the last few hundred
@@ -1163,8 +1152,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="other-history-commands" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Other History Commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-history-commands"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Other History Commands</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>There are a number of other shortcut commands for getting at the
 history.</p>
@@ -1193,8 +1181,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Other History Commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="an
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="doing-a-dry-run" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Doing a Dry Run<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#doing-a-dry-run"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Doing a Dry Run</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>A loop is a way to do many things at once — or to make many mistakes
 at once if it does the wrong thing. One way to check what a loop
@@ -1238,7 +1225,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution7">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The second version is the one we want to run. This prints to screen
 everything enclosed in the quote marks, expanding the loop variable name
@@ -1261,8 +1248,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="nested-loops" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Nested Loops<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nested-loops"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Nested Loops</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose we want to set up a directory structure to organize some
 experiments measuring reaction rate constants with different compounds
@@ -1287,7 +1273,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution8">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We have a nested loop, i.e. contained within another loop, so for
 each species in the outer loop, the inner loop (the nested loop)
@@ -1304,8 +1290,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>A <code>for</code> loop repeats commands once for every thing in a
 list.</li>
@@ -1385,7 +1370,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/05-loop.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/06-script.html b/instructor/06-script.html
index 139b96661..0af55dec7 100644
--- a/instructor/06-script.html
+++ b/instructor/06-script.html
@@ -426,8 +426,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="text-vs.-whatever" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Text vs. Whatever<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#text-vs.-whatever"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Text vs. Whatever</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We usually call programs like Microsoft Word or LibreOffice Writer
 “text editors”, but we need to be a bit more careful when it comes to
@@ -492,8 +491,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="double-quotes-around-arguments" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Double-Quotes Around Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#double-quotes-around-arguments"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Double-Quotes Around Arguments</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For the same reason that we put the loop variable inside
 double-quotes, in case the filename happens to contain any spaces, we
@@ -621,8 +619,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="list-unique-species" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">List Unique Species<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#list-unique-species"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">List Unique Species</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Leah has several hundred data files, each of which is formatted like
 this:</p>
@@ -653,7 +650,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">List Unique Species<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb25">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -698,8 +695,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="why-record-commands-in-the-history-before-running-them" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Why Record Commands in the History Before Running Them?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#why-record-commands-in-the-history-before-running-them"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Why Record Commands in the History Before Running Them?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If you run the command:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb28">
@@ -720,7 +716,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>If a command causes something to crash or hang, it might be useful to
 know what that command was, in order to investigate the problem. Were
@@ -736,8 +732,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 to recycle what they discover about their data and their workflow with
 one call to <code>history</code> and a bit of editing to clean up the
 output and save it as a shell script.</p>
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script">Nelle’s Pipeline: Creating a Script<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script">Nelle’s Pipeline: Creating a Script<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Nelle’s supervisor insisted that all her analytics must be
 reproducible. The easiest way to capture all the steps is in a
 script.</p>
@@ -806,8 +801,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="variables-in-shell-scripts" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Shell Scripts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#variables-in-shell-scripts"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Shell Scripts</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In the <code>alkanes</code> directory, imagine you have a shell
 script called <code>script.sh</code> containing the following
@@ -842,7 +836,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The correct answer is 2.</p>
 <p>The special variables <code>$1</code>, <code>$2</code> and
@@ -867,8 +861,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="find-the-longest-file-with-a-given-extension" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Find the Longest File With a Given Extension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#find-the-longest-file-with-a-given-extension"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Find the Longest File With a Given Extension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Write a shell script called <code>longest.sh</code> that takes the
 name of a directory and a filename extension as its arguments, and
@@ -896,7 +889,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb40">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -927,8 +920,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="script-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Script Reading Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#script-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Script Reading Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For this question, consider the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code> directory once
@@ -966,7 +958,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Solutions </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In each case, the shell expands the wildcard in <code>*.pdb</code>
 before passing the resulting list of file names as arguments to the
@@ -995,8 +987,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="debugging-scripts" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Debugging Scripts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#debugging-scripts"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Debugging Scripts</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose you have saved the following script in a file called
 <code>do-errors.sh</code> in Nelle’s <code>north-pacific-gyre</code>
@@ -1035,7 +1026,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>-x</code> option causes <code>bash</code> to run in debug
 mode. This prints out each command as it is run, which will help you to
@@ -1052,8 +1043,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>Save commands in files (usually called shell scripts) for
 re-use.</li>
@@ -1131,7 +1121,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/06-script.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-02-20",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/07-find.html b/instructor/07-find.html
index ae0d9b71b..c346667e0 100644
--- a/instructor/07-find.html
+++ b/instructor/07-find.html
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="using-grep" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>grep</code><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#using-grep"></a>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>grep</code>
 </h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Which command would result in the following output:</p>
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The correct answer is 3, because the <code>-w</code> option looks
 only for whole-word matches. The other options will also match ‘of’ when
@@ -623,8 +623,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="wildcards" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#wildcards"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p><code>grep</code>‘s real power doesn’t come from its options, though;
 it comes from the fact that patterns can include wildcards. (The
@@ -661,8 +660,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="tracking-a-species" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Tracking a Species<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tracking-a-species"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Tracking a Species</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Leah has several hundred data files saved in one directory, each of
 which is formatted like this:</p>
@@ -709,7 +707,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre class="source"><code>grep -w $1 -r $2 | cut -d : -f 2 | cut -d , -f 1,3 &gt; $1.txt</code></pre>
 <p>Actually, you can swap the order of the two cut commands and it still
@@ -731,8 +729,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="little-women" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Little Women<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#little-women"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Little Women</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You and your friend, having just finished reading <em>Little
 Women</em> by Louisa May Alcott, are in an argument. Of the four sisters
@@ -757,7 +754,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Little Women<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Solutions </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre class="source"><code>for sis in Jo Meg Beth Amy
 do
@@ -937,8 +934,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="listing-vs.-finding" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Listing vs. Finding<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#listing-vs.-finding"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Listing vs. Finding</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p><code>ls</code> and <code>find</code> can be made to do similar
 things given the right options, but under normal circumstances,
@@ -1004,8 +1000,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="matching-and-subtracting" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Matching and Subtracting<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#matching-and-subtracting"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Matching and Subtracting</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The <code>-v</code> option to <code>grep</code> inverts pattern
 matching, so that only lines which do <em>not</em> match the pattern are
@@ -1025,7 +1020,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Matching and Subtracting<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 1 is correct. Putting the match expression in quotes prevents
 the shell expanding it, so it gets passed to the <code>find</code>
@@ -1046,8 +1041,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="binary-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Binary Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#binary-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Binary Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have focused exclusively on finding patterns in text files. What
 if your data is stored as images, in databases, or in some other
@@ -1085,8 +1079,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Binary Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href
 <div id="find-pipeline-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">
 <code>find</code> Pipeline Reading
-Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#find-pipeline-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Write a short explanatory comment for the following shell script:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb50">
@@ -1102,7 +1095,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li><p>Find all files with a <code>.dat</code> extension recursively
 from the current directory</p></li>
@@ -1117,8 +1110,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul><li>
 <code>find</code> finds files with specific properties that match
@@ -1199,7 +1191,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/07-find.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-02-20",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/404.html b/instructor/404.html
index fced93d43..51e6a6f44 100644
--- a/instructor/404.html
+++ b/instructor/404.html
@@ -318,8 +318,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
     <main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Page not found</h1>
         
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="our-apologies">Our apologies!<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#our-apologies"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#our-apologies"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="our-apologies">Our apologies!<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#our-apologies"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>We cannot seem to find the page you are looking for. Here are some
 tips that may help:</p>
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li>try going back to the <a href="javascript:history.back()">previous
@@ -376,8 +375,8 @@ <h1>Page not found</h1>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/404.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/404.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html b/instructor/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html
index 60a0a2766..30c6092a8 100644
--- a/instructor/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html
+++ b/instructor/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ <h1>Contributor Code of Conduct</h1>
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/LICENSE.html b/instructor/LICENSE.html
index d9ba8f2ec..f40891b4f 100644
--- a/instructor/LICENSE.html
+++ b/instructor/LICENSE.html
@@ -328,8 +328,7 @@ <h1>Licenses</h1>
 
         
 
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="instructional-material">Instructional Material<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#instructional-material"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#instructional-material"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="instructional-material">Instructional Material<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#instructional-material"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>All Carpentries (Software Carpentry, Data Carpentry, and Library
 Carpentry) instructional material is made available under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" class="external-link">Creative Commons
 Attribution license</a>. The following is a human-readable summary of
@@ -363,8 +362,7 @@ <h1>Licenses</h1>
 permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights
 such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the
 material.</li>
-</ul></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="software">Software<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#software"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#software"></a></h2>
+</ul></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="software">Software<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#software"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Except where otherwise noted, the example programs and other software
 provided by The Carpentries are made available under the <a href="https://opensource.org" class="external-link">OSI</a>-approved <a href="https://opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.html" class="external-link">MIT
 license</a>.</p>
@@ -384,8 +382,7 @@ <h1>Licenses</h1>
 CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
 TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
 SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="trademark">Trademark<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#trademark"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#trademark"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="trademark">Trademark<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#trademark"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>“The Carpentries”, “Software Carpentry”, “Data Carpentry”, and
 “Library Carpentry” and their respective logos are registered trademarks
 of <a href="https://communityin.org/" class="external-link">Community Initiatives</a>.</p>
@@ -448,7 +445,7 @@ <h1>Licenses</h1>
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/LICENSE.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-05-23",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/aio.html b/instructor/aio.html
index aa7f61936..00419014a 100644
--- a/instructor/aio.html
+++ b/instructor/aio.html
@@ -514,8 +514,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="コマンドが見つからないとき" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">コマンドが見つからないとき<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#%E3%82%B3%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%81%8C%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%A4%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%A8%E3%81%8D"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">コマンドが見つからないとき</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If the shell can’t find a program whose name is the command you
 typed, it will print an error message such as:</p>
@@ -536,7 +535,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 </div>
 </div>
 <section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem">Nelle’s Pipeline: A Typical Problem<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-a-typical-problem"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Nelle Nemo, a marine biologist, has just returned from a six-month
@@ -576,8 +574,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>A shell is a program whose primary purpose is to read commands and
@@ -645,7 +642,7 @@ <h3 class="card-title">Objectives</h3>
 <button class="accordion-button instructor-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseInstructor1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseInstructor1">
   <h3 class="accordion-header" id="headingInstructor1">  <div class="note-square"><i aria-hidden="true" class="callout-icon" data-feather="edit-2"></i></div> Instructor Note </h3>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseInstructor1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingInstructor1" data-bs-parent="#accordionInstructor1">
+<div id="collapseInstructor1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionInstructor1" aria-labelledby="headingInstructor1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Introducing and navigating the filesystem in the shell (covered in <a href="02-filedir.html">Navigating Files and Directories</a> section) can
 be confusing. You may have both terminal and GUI file explorer open side
@@ -687,8 +684,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="home-directory-variation" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Home Directory Variation<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#home-directory-variation"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Home Directory Variation</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The home directory path will look different on different operating
 systems. On Linux, it may look like <code>/home/nelle</code>, and on
@@ -732,8 +728,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Home Directory Variation<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="slashes" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Slashes<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#slashes"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Slashes</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Notice that there are two meanings for the <code>/</code> character.
 When it appears at the front of a file or directory name, it refers to
@@ -802,8 +797,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="clearing-your-terminal" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Clearing your terminal<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#clearing-your-terminal"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Clearing your terminal</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If your screen gets too cluttered, you can clear your terminal using
 the <code>clear</code> command. You can still access previous commands
@@ -843,8 +837,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="help-for-built-in-commands" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Help for built-in commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#help-for-built-in-commands"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Help for built-in commands</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Some commands are built in to the Bash shell, rather than existing as
 separate programs on the filesystem. One example is the <code>cd</code>
@@ -900,8 +893,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="when-to-use-short-or-long-options" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">When to use short or long options<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#when-to-use-short-or-long-options"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">When to use short or long options</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>When options exist as both short and long options:</p>
 <ul>
@@ -918,8 +910,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">When to use short or long options<a class="anchor" ari
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="unsupported-command-line-options" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Unsupported command-line options<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#unsupported-command-line-options"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Unsupported command-line options</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If you try to use an option that is not supported, <code>ls</code>
 and other commands will usually print an error message similar to:</p>
@@ -964,8 +955,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="manual-pages-on-the-web" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Manual pages on the web<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#manual-pages-on-the-web"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Manual pages on the web</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Of course, there is a third way to access help for commands:
 searching the internet via your web browser. When using internet search,
@@ -983,8 +973,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Manual pages on the web<a class="anchor" aria-label="a
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="exploring-more-ls-options" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Exploring More <code>ls</code> Options<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#exploring-more-ls-options"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Exploring More <code>ls</code> Options</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You can also use two options at the same time. What does the command
 <code>ls</code> do when used with the <code>-l</code> option? What about
@@ -1000,7 +989,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Exploring More <code>ls</code> Options<a class="anchor
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>-l</code> option makes <code>ls</code> use a
 <strong>l</strong>ong listing format, showing not only the
@@ -1018,8 +1007,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="listing-in-reverse-chronological-order" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Listing in Reverse Chronological Order<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#listing-in-reverse-chronological-order"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Listing in Reverse Chronological Order</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>By default, <code>ls</code> lists the contents of a directory in
 alphabetical order by name. The command <code>ls -t</code> lists items
@@ -1036,7 +1024,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Listing in Reverse Chronological Order<a class="anchor
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The most recently changed file is listed last when using
 <code>-rt</code>. This can be very useful for finding your most recent
@@ -1219,8 +1207,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="other-hidden-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Other Hidden Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-hidden-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Other Hidden Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In addition to the hidden directories <code>..</code> and
 <code>.</code>, you may also see a file called
@@ -1311,8 +1298,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="two-more-shortcuts" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Two More Shortcuts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#two-more-shortcuts"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Two More Shortcuts</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The shell interprets a tilde (<code>~</code>) character at the start
 of a path to mean “the current user’s home directory”. For example, if
@@ -1362,8 +1348,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="absolute-vs-relative-paths" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Absolute vs Relative Paths<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#absolute-vs-relative-paths"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Absolute vs Relative Paths</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Starting from <code>/Users/nelle/data</code>, which of the following
 commands could Nelle use to navigate to her home directory, which is
@@ -1387,7 +1372,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Absolute vs Relative Paths<a class="anchor" aria-label
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li><p>No: <code>.</code> stands for the current directory.</p></li>
@@ -1412,8 +1397,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="relative-path-resolution" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Relative Path Resolution<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#relative-path-resolution"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Relative Path Resolution</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Using the filesystem diagram below, if <code>pwd</code> displays
 <code>/Users/thing</code>, what will <code>ls -F ../backup</code>
@@ -1433,7 +1417,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Relative Path Resolution<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li><p>No: there <em>is</em> a directory <code>backup</code> in
@@ -1454,8 +1438,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 <div id="ls-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">
-<code>ls</code> Reading Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ls-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+<code>ls</code> Reading Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Using the filesystem diagram below, if <code>pwd</code> displays
 <code>/Users/backup</code>, and <code>-r</code> tells <code>ls</code> to
@@ -1479,7 +1462,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li><p>No: <code>pwd</code> is not the name of a directory.</p></li>
@@ -1493,7 +1476,6 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 <section><h2 class="section-heading" id="general-syntax-of-a-shell-command">General Syntax of a Shell Command<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#general-syntax-of-a-shell-command"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#general-syntax-of-a-shell-command"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>We have now encountered commands, options, and arguments, but it is
@@ -1632,8 +1614,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>The file system is responsible for managing information on the
@@ -1708,7 +1689,6 @@ <h3 class="card-title">Objectives</h3>
 </div>
 </div>
 <section><h2 class="section-heading" id="creating-directories">Creating directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-directories"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>We now know how to explore files and directories, but how do we
@@ -1809,8 +1789,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="two-ways-of-doing-the-same-thing" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Two ways of doing the same thing<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#two-ways-of-doing-the-same-thing"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Two ways of doing the same thing</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Using the shell to create a directory is no different than using a
 file explorer. If you open the current directory using your operating
@@ -1826,8 +1805,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Two ways of doing the same thing<a class="anchor" aria
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="good-names-for-files-and-directories" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Good names for files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#good-names-for-files-and-directories"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Good names for files and directories</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Complicated names of files and directories can make your life painful
 when working on the command line. Here we provide a few useful tips for
@@ -1866,7 +1844,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Good names for files and directories<a class="anchor"
 <button class="accordion-button instructor-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseInstructor1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseInstructor1">
   <h3 class="accordion-header" id="headingInstructor1">  <div class="note-square"><i aria-hidden="true" class="callout-icon" data-feather="edit-2"></i></div> Instructor Note </h3>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseInstructor1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionInstructor1" aria-labelledby="headingInstructor1">
+<div id="collapseInstructor1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingInstructor1" data-bs-parent="#accordionInstructor1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Learners can sometimes get trapped within command-line text editors
 such as Vim, Emacs, or Nano. Closing the terminal emulator and opening a
@@ -1896,8 +1874,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="which-editor" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Which Editor?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#which-editor"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Which Editor?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>When we say, ‘<code>nano</code> is a text editor’ we really do mean
 ‘text’. It can only work with plain character data, not tables, images,
@@ -1934,8 +1911,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Which Editor?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" hre
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="control-ctrl-or-key" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Control, Ctrl, or ^ Key<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#control-ctrl-or-key"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Control, Ctrl, or ^ Key</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The Control key is also called the ‘Ctrl’ key. There are various ways
 in which using the Control key may be described. For example, you may
@@ -1974,8 +1950,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="creating-files-a-different-way" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Creating Files a Different Way<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-files-a-different-way"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Creating Files a Different Way</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have seen how to create text files using the <code>nano</code>
 editor. Now, try the following command:</p>
@@ -2000,7 +1975,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li><p>The <code>touch</code> command generates a new file called
@@ -2028,7 +2003,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 <div id="creating-files-a-different-way" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">Creating Files a Different Way<em>
-(continued)</em><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#creating-files-a-different-way"></a>
+(continued)</em>
 </h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>To avoid confusion later on, we suggest removing the file you’ve just
@@ -2048,8 +2023,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="whats-in-a-name" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">What’s In A Name?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#whats-in-a-name"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">What’s In A Name?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You may have noticed that all of Nelle’s files are named ‘something
 dot something’, and in this part of the lesson, we always used the
@@ -2078,7 +2052,6 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">What’s In A Name?<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="moving-files-and-directories">Moving files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-and-directories"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Returning to the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/writing</code>
@@ -2179,8 +2152,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="moving-files-to-a-new-folder" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Moving Files to a new folder<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-files-to-a-new-folder"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Moving Files to a new folder</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>After running the following commands, Jamie realizes that she put the
 files <code>sucrose.dat</code> and <code>maltose.dat</code> into the
@@ -2210,7 +2182,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb30">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -2225,7 +2197,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="copying-files-and-directories">Copying files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copying-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copying-files-and-directories"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>The <code>cp</code> command works very much like <code>mv</code>,
@@ -2282,8 +2253,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="renaming-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Renaming Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#renaming-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Renaming Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose that you created a plain-text file in your current directory
 to contain a list of the statistical tests you will need to do to
@@ -2305,7 +2275,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Renaming Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" hr
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li>No. While this would create a file with the correct name, the
@@ -2326,8 +2296,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="moving-and-copying" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Moving and Copying<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#moving-and-copying"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Moving and Copying</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What is the output of the closing <code>ls</code> command in the
 sequence shown below?</p>
@@ -2373,7 +2342,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We start in the <code>/Users/jamie/data</code> directory, and create
 a new folder called <code>recombined</code>. The second line moves
@@ -2403,7 +2372,6 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="removing-files-and-directories">Removing files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-files-and-directories"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Returning to the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/writing</code>
@@ -2431,8 +2399,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">ERROR<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="deleting-is-forever" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Deleting Is Forever<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#deleting-is-forever"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Deleting Is Forever</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The Unix shell doesn’t have a trash bin that we can recover deleted
 files from (though most graphical interfaces to Unix do). Instead, when
@@ -2449,8 +2416,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Deleting Is Forever<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="using-rm-safely" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>rm</code> Safely<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#using-rm-safely"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>rm</code> Safely</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What happens when we execute
 <code>rm -i thesis_backup/quotations.txt</code>? Why would we want this
@@ -2463,7 +2429,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>rm</code> Safely<a class="anchor" aria-lab
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper">
 <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -2506,7 +2472,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <code>rm -r</code> <em>should be used with great caution</em> (you might
 consider adding the interactive option <code>rm -r -i</code>).</p>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories">Operations with multiple files and directories<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#operations-with-multiple-files-and-directories"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Oftentimes one needs to copy or move several files at once. This can
@@ -2519,8 +2484,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="copy-with-multiple-filenames" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Copy with Multiple Filenames<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#copy-with-multiple-filenames"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Copy with Multiple Filenames</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For this exercise, you can test the commands in the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data</code> directory.</p>
@@ -2558,7 +2522,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>If given more than one file name followed by a directory name
 (i.e. the destination directory must be the last argument),
@@ -2583,8 +2547,7 @@ <h3 id="using-wildcards-for-accessing-multiple-files-at-once">Using wildcards fo
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="wildcards" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#wildcards"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p><code>*</code> is a <strong>wildcard</strong>, which represents zero
 or more other characters. Let’s consider the
@@ -2621,8 +2584,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="list-filenames-matching-a-pattern" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">List filenames matching a pattern<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#list-filenames-matching-a-pattern"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">List filenames matching a pattern</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>When run in the <code>alkanes</code> directory, which <code>ls</code>
 command(s) will produce this output?</p>
@@ -2641,7 +2603,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">List filenames matching a pattern<a class="anchor" ari
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution7">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The solution is <code>3.</code></p>
 <p><code>1.</code> shows all files whose names contain zero or more
@@ -2669,8 +2631,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="more-on-wildcards" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">More on Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#more-on-wildcards"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">More on Wildcards</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Sam has a directory containing calibration data, datasets, and
 descriptions of the datasets:</p>
@@ -2763,7 +2724,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution8">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb57">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -2781,8 +2742,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="organizing-directories-and-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Organizing Directories and Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#organizing-directories-and-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Organizing Directories and Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Jamie is working on a project, and she sees that her files aren’t
 very well organized:</p>
@@ -2828,7 +2788,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution9" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution9">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution9"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9">
+<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb64">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -2849,8 +2809,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="reproduce-a-folder-structure" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Reproduce a folder structure<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#reproduce-a-folder-structure"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Reproduce a folder structure</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You’re starting a new experiment and would like to duplicate the
 directory structure from your previous experiment so you can add new
@@ -2917,7 +2876,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution10" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution10">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution10"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10">
+<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The first two sets of commands achieve this objective. The first set
 uses relative paths to create the top-level directory before the
@@ -2941,8 +2900,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution10"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>
@@ -3097,8 +3055,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="why-isnt-it-doing-anything" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Why Isn’t It Doing Anything?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#why-isnt-it-doing-anything"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Why Isn’t It Doing Anything?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What happens if a command is supposed to process a file, but we don’t
 give it a filename? For example, what if we type:</p>
@@ -3121,7 +3078,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 </div>
 </div>
 <section><h2 class="section-heading" id="capturing-output-from-commands">Capturing output from commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#capturing-output-from-commands"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#capturing-output-from-commands"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Which of these files contains the fewest lines? It’s an easy question
@@ -3177,8 +3133,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="output-page-by-page" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#output-page-by-page"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We’ll continue to use <code>cat</code> in this lesson, for
 convenience and consistency, but it has the disadvantage that it always
@@ -3191,7 +3146,6 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="filtering-output">Filtering output<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filtering-output"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filtering-output"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Next we’ll use the <code>sort</code> command to sort the contents of
@@ -3202,8 +3156,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Output Page by Page<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="what-does-sort--n-do" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>sort -n</code> Do?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#what-does-sort--n-do"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>sort -n</code> Do?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The file <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/numbers.txt</code>
 contains the following lines:</p>
@@ -3242,7 +3195,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>-n</code> option specifies a numerical rather than an
 alphanumerical sort.</p>
@@ -3297,8 +3250,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="redirecting-to-the-same-file" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Redirecting to the same file<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#redirecting-to-the-same-file"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Redirecting to the same file</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>It’s a very bad idea to try redirecting the output of a command that
 operates on a file to the same file. For example:</p>
@@ -3317,8 +3269,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="what-does-mean" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>&gt;&gt;</code> Mean?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#what-does-mean"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">What Does <code>&gt;&gt;</code> Mean?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have seen the use of <code>&gt;</code>, but there is a similar
 operator <code>&gt;&gt;</code> which works slightly differently. We’ll
@@ -3358,7 +3309,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In the first example with <code>&gt;</code>, the string ‘hello’ is
 written to <code>testfile01.txt</code>, but the file gets overwritten
@@ -3376,8 +3327,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="appending-data" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Appending Data<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#appending-data"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Appending Data</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have already met the <code>head</code> command, which prints lines
 from the start of a file. <code>tail</code> is similar, but prints lines
@@ -3411,7 +3361,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 3 is correct. For option 1 to be correct we would only run the
 <code>head</code> command. For option 2 to be correct we would only run
@@ -3424,7 +3374,6 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="passing-output-to-another-command">Passing output to another command<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#passing-output-to-another-command"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#passing-output-to-another-command"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>In our example of finding the file with the fewest lines, we are
@@ -3452,7 +3401,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <p>This has removed the need for the <code>sorted-lengths.txt</code>
 file.</p>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="combining-multiple-commands">Combining multiple commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#combining-multiple-commands"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#combining-multiple-commands"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Nothing prevents us from chaining pipes consecutively. We can for
@@ -3500,8 +3448,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="piping-commands-together" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Piping Commands Together<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#piping-commands-together"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Piping Commands Together</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In our current directory, we want to find the 3 files which have the
 least number of lines. Which command listed below would work?</p>
@@ -3519,7 +3466,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Piping Commands Together<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 4 is the solution. The pipe character <code>|</code> is used
 to connect the output from one command to the input of another.
@@ -3531,7 +3478,6 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="tools-designed-to-work-together">Tools designed to work together<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tools-designed-to-work-together"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tools-designed-to-work-together"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>This idea of linking programs together is why Unix has been so
@@ -3554,8 +3500,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="pipe-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Reading Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#pipe-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Reading Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>A file called <code>animals.csv</code> (in the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/animal-counts</code> folder)
@@ -3586,7 +3531,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>head</code> command extracts the first 5 lines from
 <code>animals.csv</code>. Then, the last 3 lines are extracted from the
@@ -3608,8 +3553,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="pipe-construction" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Construction<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#pipe-construction"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Pipe Construction</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For the file <code>animals.csv</code> from the previous exercise,
 consider the following command:</p>
@@ -3650,7 +3594,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb39">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -3666,8 +3610,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="which-pipe" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Which Pipe?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#which-pipe"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Which Pipe?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The file <code>animals.csv</code> contains 8 lines of data formatted
 as follows:</p>
@@ -3701,7 +3644,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution7">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 4. is the correct answer. If you have difficulty understanding
 why, try running the commands, or sub-sections of the pipelines (make
@@ -3713,7 +3656,6 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 </div>
 </section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-checking-files">Nelle’s Pipeline: Checking Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-checking-files"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-checking-files"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Nelle has run her samples through the assay machines and created 17
@@ -3798,8 +3740,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="removing-unneeded-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Removing Unneeded Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#removing-unneeded-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Removing Unneeded Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose you want to delete your processed data files, and only keep
 your raw files and processing script to save storage. The raw files end
@@ -3820,7 +3761,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Removing Unneeded Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="a
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution8">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li><p>This would remove <code>.txt</code> files with one-character
@@ -3842,8 +3783,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>
@@ -3977,8 +3917,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="follow-the-prompt" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Follow the Prompt<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#follow-the-prompt"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Follow the Prompt</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The shell prompt changes from <code>$</code> to <code>&gt;</code> and
 back again as we were typing in our loop. The second prompt,
@@ -4023,8 +3962,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Follow the Prompt<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor"
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="same-symbols-different-meanings" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Same Symbols, Different Meanings<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#same-symbols-different-meanings"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Same Symbols, Different Meanings</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Here we see <code>&gt;</code> being used as a shell prompt, whereas
 <code>&gt;</code> is also used to redirect output. Similarly,
@@ -4079,8 +4017,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="write-your-own-loop" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Write your own loop<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#write-your-own-loop"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Write your own loop</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>How would you write a loop that echoes all 10 numbers from 0 to
 9?</p>
@@ -4092,7 +4029,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Write your own loop<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb7">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -4125,8 +4062,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="variables-in-loops" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Loops<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#variables-in-loops"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Loops</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>This exercise refers to the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code> directory.
@@ -4163,7 +4099,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The first code block gives the same output on each iteration through
 the loop. Bash expands the wildcard <code>*.pdb</code> within the loop
@@ -4210,8 +4146,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="limiting-sets-of-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Limiting Sets of Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#limiting-sets-of-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Limiting Sets of Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>What would be the output of running the following loop in the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code> directory?</p>
@@ -4238,7 +4173,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>4 is the correct answer. <code>*</code> matches zero or more
 characters, so any file name starting with the letter c, followed by
@@ -4253,7 +4188,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </div>
 <div id="limiting-sets-of-files" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">Limiting Sets of Files<em>
-(continued)</em><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#limiting-sets-of-files"></a>
+(continued)</em>
 </h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>How would the output differ from using this command instead?</p>
@@ -4281,7 +4216,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>4 is the correct answer. <code>*</code> matches zero or more
 characters, so a file name with zero or more characters before a letter
@@ -4295,8 +4230,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-one" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part One<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-one"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part One</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code>
 directory, what is the effect of this loop?</p>
@@ -4332,7 +4266,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li>The text from each file in turn gets written to the
@@ -4349,8 +4283,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-two" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part Two<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#saving-to-a-file-in-a-loop---part-two"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Saving to a File in a Loop - Part Two</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Also in the <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code>
 directory, what would be the output of the following loop?</p>
@@ -4388,7 +4321,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>3 is the correct answer. <code>&gt;&gt;</code> appends to a file,
 rather than overwriting it with the redirected output from a command.
@@ -4449,8 +4382,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="spaces-in-names" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Spaces in Names<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#spaces-in-names"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Spaces in Names</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Spaces are used to separate the elements of the list that we are
 going to loop over. If one of those elements contains a space character,
@@ -4564,7 +4496,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 executed and demonstrates how the judicious use of <code>echo</code> is
 a good debugging technique.</p>
 <figure><img src="../fig/shell_script_for_loop_flow_chart.svg" alt='The for loop "for filename in .dat; do echo cp $filename original-$filename;done" will successively assign the names of all ".dat" files in your currentdirectory to the variable "$filename" and then execute the command. With thefiles "basilisk.dat", "minotaur.dat" and "unicorn.dat" in the current directorythe loop will successively call the echo command three times and print threelines: "cp basislisk.dat original-basilisk.dat", then "cp minotaur.datoriginal-minotaur.dat" and finally "cp unicorn.datoriginal-unicorn.dat"' class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-processing-files">Nelle’s Pipeline: Processing Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-processing-files"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-processing-files"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Nelle is now ready to process her data files using
@@ -4660,8 +4591,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="beginning-and-end" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Beginning and End<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#beginning-and-end"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Beginning and End</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We can move to the beginning of a line in the shell by typing
 <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>A</kbd> and to the end using
@@ -4690,8 +4620,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="those-who-know-history-can-choose-to-repeat-it" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Those Who Know History Can Choose to Repeat It<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#those-who-know-history-can-choose-to-repeat-it"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Those Who Know History Can Choose to Repeat It</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Another way to repeat previous work is to use the
 <code>history</code> command to get a list of the last few hundred
@@ -4723,8 +4652,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="other-history-commands" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Other History Commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-history-commands"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Other History Commands</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>There are a number of other shortcut commands for getting at the
 history.</p>
@@ -4755,8 +4683,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Other History Commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="an
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="doing-a-dry-run" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Doing a Dry Run<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#doing-a-dry-run"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Doing a Dry Run</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>A loop is a way to do many things at once — or to make many mistakes
 at once if it does the wrong thing. One way to check what a loop
@@ -4800,7 +4727,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution7">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The second version is the one we want to run. This prints to screen
 everything enclosed in the quote marks, expanding the loop variable name
@@ -4823,8 +4750,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="nested-loops" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Nested Loops<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nested-loops"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Nested Loops</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose we want to set up a directory structure to organize some
 experiments measuring reaction rate constants with different compounds
@@ -4849,7 +4775,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution8" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution8">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We have a nested loop, i.e. contained within another loop, so for
 each species in the outer loop, the inner loop (the nested loop)
@@ -4866,8 +4792,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>A <code>for</code> loop repeats commands once for every thing in a
@@ -4990,8 +4915,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="text-vs.-whatever" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Text vs. Whatever<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#text-vs.-whatever"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Text vs. Whatever</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We usually call programs like Microsoft Word or LibreOffice Writer
 “text editors”, but we need to be a bit more careful when it comes to
@@ -5056,8 +4980,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="double-quotes-around-arguments" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Double-Quotes Around Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#double-quotes-around-arguments"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Double-Quotes Around Arguments</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For the same reason that we put the loop variable inside
 double-quotes, in case the filename happens to contain any spaces, we
@@ -5185,8 +5108,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="list-unique-species" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">List Unique Species<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#list-unique-species"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">List Unique Species</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Leah has several hundred data files, each of which is formatted like
 this:</p>
@@ -5217,7 +5139,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">List Unique Species<a class="anchor" aria-label="ancho
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb25">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -5262,8 +5184,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="why-record-commands-in-the-history-before-running-them" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Why Record Commands in the History Before Running Them?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#why-record-commands-in-the-history-before-running-them"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Why Record Commands in the History Before Running Them?</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>If you run the command:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb28">
@@ -5284,7 +5205,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>If a command causes something to crash or hang, it might be useful to
 know what that command was, in order to investigate the problem. Were
@@ -5301,7 +5222,6 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 one call to <code>history</code> and a bit of editing to clean up the
 output and save it as a shell script.</p>
 <section><h2 class="section-heading" id="nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script">Nelle’s Pipeline: Creating a Script<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nelles-pipeline-creating-a-script"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Nelle’s supervisor insisted that all her analytics must be
@@ -5372,8 +5292,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="variables-in-shell-scripts" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Shell Scripts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#variables-in-shell-scripts"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Variables in Shell Scripts</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>In the <code>alkanes</code> directory, imagine you have a shell
 script called <code>script.sh</code> containing the following
@@ -5410,7 +5329,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The correct answer is 2.</p>
 <p>The special variables <code>$1</code>, <code>$2</code> and
@@ -5435,8 +5354,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="find-the-longest-file-with-a-given-extension" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Find the Longest File With a Given Extension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#find-the-longest-file-with-a-given-extension"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Find the Longest File With a Given Extension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Write a shell script called <code>longest.sh</code> that takes the
 name of a directory and a filename extension as its arguments, and
@@ -5464,7 +5382,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb40">
 <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -5495,8 +5413,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="script-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Script Reading Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#script-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Script Reading Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>For this question, consider the
 <code>shell-lesson-data/exercise-data/alkanes</code> directory once
@@ -5534,7 +5451,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Solutions </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In each case, the shell expands the wildcard in <code>*.pdb</code>
 before passing the resulting list of file names as arguments to the
@@ -5563,8 +5480,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="debugging-scripts" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Debugging Scripts<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#debugging-scripts"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Debugging Scripts</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Suppose you have saved the following script in a file called
 <code>do-errors.sh</code> in Nelle’s <code>north-pacific-gyre</code>
@@ -5603,7 +5519,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution6">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>-x</code> option causes <code>bash</code> to run in debug
 mode. This prints out each command as it is run, which will help you to
@@ -5620,8 +5536,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>Save commands in files (usually called shell scripts) for
@@ -5911,7 +5826,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="using-grep" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>grep</code><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#using-grep"></a>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Using <code>grep</code>
 </h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Which command would result in the following output:</p>
@@ -5934,7 +5849,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution1">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The correct answer is 3, because the <code>-w</code> option looks
 only for whole-word matches. The other options will also match ‘of’ when
@@ -5948,8 +5863,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="wildcards" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#wildcards"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Wildcards</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p><code>grep</code>‘s real power doesn’t come from its options, though;
 it comes from the fact that patterns can include wildcards. (The
@@ -5986,8 +5900,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="tracking-a-species" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Tracking a Species<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#tracking-a-species"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Tracking a Species</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Leah has several hundred data files saved in one directory, each of
 which is formatted like this:</p>
@@ -6034,7 +5947,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution2">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre class="source"><code>grep -w $1 -r $2 | cut -d : -f 2 | cut -d , -f 1,3 &gt; $1.txt</code></pre>
 <p>Actually, you can swap the order of the two cut commands and it still
@@ -6056,8 +5969,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="little-women" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Little Women<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#little-women"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Little Women</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>You and your friend, having just finished reading <em>Little
 Women</em> by Louisa May Alcott, are in an argument. Of the four sisters
@@ -6082,7 +5994,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Little Women<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution3">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3"> Solutions </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre class="source"><code>for sis in Jo Meg Beth Amy
 do
@@ -6262,8 +6174,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="listing-vs.-finding" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Listing vs. Finding<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#listing-vs.-finding"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Listing vs. Finding</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p><code>ls</code> and <code>find</code> can be made to do similar
 things given the right options, but under normal circumstances,
@@ -6329,8 +6240,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="zap"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="matching-and-subtracting" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Matching and Subtracting<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#matching-and-subtracting"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Matching and Subtracting</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The <code>-v</code> option to <code>grep</code> inverts pattern
 matching, so that only lines which do <em>not</em> match the pattern are
@@ -6352,7 +6262,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Matching and Subtracting<a class="anchor" aria-label="
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution4">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Option 1 is correct. Putting the match expression in quotes prevents
 the shell expanding it, so it gets passed to the <code>find</code>
@@ -6373,8 +6283,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="bell"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="binary-files" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Binary Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#binary-files"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Binary Files</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>We have focused exclusively on finding patterns in text files. What
 if your data is stored as images, in databases, or in some other
@@ -6412,8 +6321,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Binary Files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href
 <div id="find-pipeline-reading-comprehension" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">
 <code>find</code> Pipeline Reading
-Comprehension<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#find-pipeline-reading-comprehension"></a>
-</h3>
+Comprehension</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>Write a short explanatory comment for the following shell script:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb50">
@@ -6429,7 +6337,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <button class="accordion-button solution-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseSolution5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseSolution5">
   <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
 <li><p>Find all files with a <code>.dat</code> extension recursively
@@ -6446,8 +6354,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5"> Show me the solution </h4>
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
 </div>
 <div class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#keypoints1"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <ul>
 <li>
@@ -6515,8 +6422,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/aio.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/aio.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/discuss.html b/instructor/discuss.html
index 3d12de801..091854551 100644
--- a/instructor/discuss.html
+++ b/instructor/discuss.html
@@ -328,8 +328,7 @@ <h1>Discussion</h1>
 
         
 
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="alphabet-soup">Alphabet Soup<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#alphabet-soup"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#alphabet-soup"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="alphabet-soup">Alphabet Soup<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#alphabet-soup"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>If the command to find out who we are is <code>whoami</code>, the
 command to find out where we are ought to be called
 <code>whereami</code>, so why is it <code>pwd</code> instead? The usual
@@ -341,8 +340,7 @@ <h1>Discussion</h1>
 by one, without any master plan, by people who were immersed in its
 jargon. The result is as inconsistent as the roolz uv Inglish speling,
 but we’re stuck with it now.</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="job-control-codes">Job Control Codes<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#job-control-codes"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#job-control-codes"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="job-control-codes">Job Control Codes<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#job-control-codes"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>The shell accepts a few special commands that allow users to interact
 with running processes or programs. You can enter each of these “control
 codes” by holding down the <code>Ctrl</code> key and then pressing one
@@ -371,8 +369,7 @@ <h1>Discussion</h1>
 the differences. In general, if something went wrong and you just want
 to get your shell prompt back, it is better to use
 <code>Ctrl-C</code>.</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="other-shells">Other Shells<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-shells"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-shells"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="other-shells">Other Shells<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-shells"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Before Bash became popular in the end of nineties, scientists widely
 used (and some still use) another shell, C-shell, or Csh. Bash and Csh
 have similar feature sets, but their syntax rules are different and this
@@ -383,8 +380,7 @@ <h1>Discussion</h1>
 Unix-like tools for Windows) but if you get strange errors in shell
 scripts written by colleagues, check to see which shell they were
 written for.</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="bash-configurations">Bash Configurations<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#bash-configurations"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#bash-configurations"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="bash-configurations">Bash Configurations<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#bash-configurations"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>Want to customize paths, environment variables, aliases, and other
 behaviors of your shell? This excellent blog post “<a href="https://blog.dghubble.io/posts/.bashprofile-.profile-and-.bashrc-conventions/" class="external-link">Bash
 Configurations Demystified</a>” from Dalton Hubble covers tips, tricks,
@@ -448,7 +444,7 @@ <h1>Discussion</h1>
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/discuss.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-02-20",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/images.html b/instructor/images.html
index 9bf151bf0..b7ef952f2 100644
--- a/instructor/images.html
+++ b/instructor/images.html
@@ -452,8 +452,8 @@ <h3 id="05-loop-figure-1">Figure 1</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/images.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/images.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/index.html b/instructor/index.html
index 8e790bcd5..74eb614f2 100644
--- a/instructor/index.html
+++ b/instructor/index.html
@@ -325,8 +325,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="check"></i>
 </div>
 <div id="prerequisites" class="callout-inner">
-<h3 class="callout-title">Prerequisites<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#prerequisites"></a>
-</h3>
+<h3 class="callout-title">Prerequisites</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>This lesson guides you through the basics of file systems and the
 shell. If you have stored files on a computer at all and recognize the
@@ -420,21 +419,18 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Prerequisites<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" hre
 </tr></tbody></table><p>
       The actual schedule may vary slightly depending on the topics and exercises chosen by the instructor.
       </p>
-      </section><section id="setup"><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="download-files">Download files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#download-files"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#download-files"></a></h2>
+      </section><section id="setup"><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="download-files">Download files<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#download-files"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>You need to download some files to follow this lesson.</p>
 <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"><li>Download <a href="../data/shell-lesson-data.zip">shell-lesson-data.zip</a> and move the
 file to your Desktop.</li>
 <li>Unzip/extract the file. <strong>Let your instructor know if you need
 help with this step</strong>. You should end up with a new folder called
 <strong><code>shell-lesson-data</code></strong> on your Desktop.</li>
-</ol></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="install-software">Install software<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#install-software"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#install-software"></a></h2>
+</ol></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="install-software">Install software<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#install-software"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>If you do not already have the shell software installed, you will
 need to <a href="https://carpentries.github.io/workshop-template/install_instructions/#shell" class="external-link">download
 and install</a> it.</p>
-</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="open-a-new-shell">Open a new shell<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#open-a-new-shell"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#open-a-new-shell"></a></h2>
+</section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="open-a-new-shell">Open a new shell<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#open-a-new-shell"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>After installing the software</p>
 <ol start="3" style="list-style-type: decimal"><li>Open a terminal. If you’re not sure how to open a terminal on your
 operating system, see the instructions below.</li>
@@ -449,8 +445,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Prerequisites<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" hre
 </div>
 <div id="where-to-type-commands-how-to-open-a-new-shell" class="callout-inner">
 <h3 class="callout-title">Where to type commands: How to open a new
-shell<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#where-to-type-commands-how-to-open-a-new-shell"></a>
-</h3>
+shell</h3>
 <div class="callout-content">
 <p>The shell is a program that enables us to send commands to the
 computer and receive output. It is also referred to as the terminal or
@@ -473,7 +468,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Windows
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Computers with Windows operating systems do not automatically have a
 Unix Shell program installed. In this lesson, we encourage you to use an
@@ -500,7 +495,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   MacOS
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>For a Mac computer running macOS Mojave or earlier releases, the
 default Unix Shell is Bash. For a Mac computer running macOS Catalina or
@@ -528,7 +523,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Linux
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The default Unix Shell for Linux operating systems is usually Bash.
 On most versions of Linux, it is accessible by running the <a href="https://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-terminal/stable/" class="external-link">Gnome
@@ -589,8 +584,8 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/index.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/index.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/instructor-notes.html b/instructor/instructor-notes.html
index 5c6324dc7..d283717c3 100644
--- a/instructor/instructor-notes.html
+++ b/instructor/instructor-notes.html
@@ -406,7 +406,6 @@ <h1>Instructor Notes</h1>
 </li>
 </ul>
 <section><h2 class="section-heading" id="overall">Overall<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#overall"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#overall"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Many people have questioned whether we should still teach the shell.
@@ -454,7 +453,6 @@ <h1>Instructor Notes</h1>
 <li>the shell refusing to run scripts that include DOS line
 endings.</li>
 </ul></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="preparing-to-teach">Preparing to Teach<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#preparing-to-teach"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#preparing-to-teach"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <ul>
@@ -493,7 +491,6 @@ <h1>Instructor Notes</h1>
 is a place where the lesson is lacking, feel free to file an issue or
 submit a pull request.</p></li>
 </ul></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="teaching-notes">Teaching Notes<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#teaching-notes"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#teaching-notes"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <ul>
@@ -605,7 +602,6 @@ <h3 class="code-label">BASH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i
 <code>head</code> takes <code>-n 10</code> or <code>-10</code>, but not
 the long form of <code>--lines=10</code>.</p></li>
 </ul></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="windows">Windows<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#windows"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#windows"></a>
 </h2>
 <hr class="half-width">
 <p>Installing Bash and a reasonable set of Unix commands on Windows
@@ -716,8 +712,8 @@ <h3 id="03-create-headingInstructor1">
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/instructor-notes.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/instructor-notes.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/key-points.html b/instructor/key-points.html
index 4f67a13fd..6b2f99fcb 100644
--- a/instructor/key-points.html
+++ b/instructor/key-points.html
@@ -572,8 +572,8 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/key-points.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/key-points.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/profiles.html b/instructor/profiles.html
index 36099b80b..02600b59c 100644
--- a/instructor/profiles.html
+++ b/instructor/profiles.html
@@ -345,8 +345,8 @@ <h1>Learner Profiles</h1>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/profiles.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/profiles.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/reference.html b/instructor/reference.html
index 3b2e03ce1..8e18baac3 100644
--- a/instructor/reference.html
+++ b/instructor/reference.html
@@ -328,8 +328,7 @@ <h1>Summary of Basic Commands</h1>
 
         
 
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="summary-of-basic-commands">Summary of Basic Commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#summary-of-basic-commands"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#summary-of-basic-commands"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="summary-of-basic-commands">Summary of Basic Commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#summary-of-basic-commands"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><table class="table"><thead><tr class="header"><th>Action</th>
 <th>Files</th>
 <th>Folders</th>
@@ -354,13 +353,11 @@ <h1>Summary of Basic Commands</h1>
 </tr><tr class="odd"><td>Delete</td>
 <td>rm</td>
 <td>rmdir, rm -r</td>
-</tr></tbody></table></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="filesystem-hierarchy">Filesystem hierarchy<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filesystem-hierarchy"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filesystem-hierarchy"></a></h2>
+</tr></tbody></table></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="filesystem-hierarchy">Filesystem hierarchy<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filesystem-hierarchy"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>The following is an overview of a standard Unix filesystem. The exact
 hierarchy depends on the platform. Your file/directory structure may
 differ slightly:</p>
-<figure><img src="../fig/standard-filesystem-hierarchy.svg" alt="Linux filesystem hierarchy" class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="glossary">Glossary<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#glossary"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#glossary"></a></h2>
+<figure><img src="../fig/standard-filesystem-hierarchy.svg" alt="Linux filesystem hierarchy" class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="glossary">Glossary<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#glossary"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><dl><dt><span id="absolute-path">absolute path</span></dt>
 <dd>
 A <a href="#path">path</a> that refers to a particular location in a
@@ -594,8 +591,7 @@ <h1>Summary of Basic Commands</h1>
 <code>*.txt</code> matches all files whose names end in
 <code>.txt</code>.
 </dd>
-</dl></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="external-references">External references<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#external-references"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#external-references"></a></h2>
+</dl></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="external-references">External references<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#external-references"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="opening-a-terminal">Opening a terminal<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#opening-a-terminal"></a></h3>
 <ul><li><a href="https://www.macworld.co.uk/feature/mac-software/how-use-terminal-on-mac-3608274/" class="external-link">How
@@ -691,7 +687,7 @@ <h3 id="miscellaneous">Miscellaneous<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/instructor/reference.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-02-20",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/key-points.html b/key-points.html
index 7ba4640e1..42fc8cd79 100644
--- a/key-points.html
+++ b/key-points.html
@@ -570,8 +570,8 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/key-points.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/key-points.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/md5sum.txt b/md5sum.txt
index 749009cea..74e2c4d9b 100644
--- a/md5sum.txt
+++ b/md5sum.txt
@@ -15,4 +15,4 @@
 "learners/reference.md" "a1ed44386dc6c24af7d281a697f08cb6" "site/built/reference.md" "2024-02-20"
 "learners/setup.md" "2b8710e384ecf107d929e751e7e4f4c6" "site/built/setup.md" "2024-05-23"
 "profiles/learner-profiles.md" "5fe5bf7537072422b91ed393ada03f9a" "site/built/learner-profiles.md" "2024-02-20"
-"renv/profiles/lesson-requirements/renv.lock" NA "site/built/renv.lock" "2024-08-06"
+"renv/profiles/lesson-requirements/renv.lock" NA "site/built/renv.lock" "2024-08-13"
diff --git a/pkgdown.yml b/pkgdown.yml
index 5e8bf288a..5c98b440a 100644
--- a/pkgdown.yml
+++ b/pkgdown.yml
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ pandoc: 3.1.11
 pkgdown: 2.1.0
 pkgdown_sha: ~
 articles: {}
-last_built: 2024-08-06T00:52Z
+last_built: 2024-08-13T00:53Z
diff --git a/profiles.html b/profiles.html
index 92b12686b..1c3772a81 100644
--- a/profiles.html
+++ b/profiles.html
@@ -345,8 +345,8 @@ <h1>Learner Profiles</h1>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/profiles.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/profiles.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
-  "dateModified": "2024-08-06",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "dateModified": "2024-08-13",
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/reference.html b/reference.html
index 5c468520a..59c4ff1ee 100644
--- a/reference.html
+++ b/reference.html
@@ -326,8 +326,7 @@ <h1>Summary of Basic Commands</h1>
 
         
 
-<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="summary-of-basic-commands">Summary of Basic Commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#summary-of-basic-commands"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#summary-of-basic-commands"></a></h2>
+<section><h2 class="section-heading" id="summary-of-basic-commands">Summary of Basic Commands<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#summary-of-basic-commands"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><table class="table"><thead><tr class="header"><th>Action</th>
 <th>Files</th>
 <th>Folders</th>
@@ -352,13 +351,11 @@ <h1>Summary of Basic Commands</h1>
 </tr><tr class="odd"><td>Delete</td>
 <td>rm</td>
 <td>rmdir, rm -r</td>
-</tr></tbody></table></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="filesystem-hierarchy">Filesystem hierarchy<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filesystem-hierarchy"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filesystem-hierarchy"></a></h2>
+</tr></tbody></table></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="filesystem-hierarchy">Filesystem hierarchy<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#filesystem-hierarchy"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><p>The following is an overview of a standard Unix filesystem. The exact
 hierarchy depends on the platform. Your file/directory structure may
 differ slightly:</p>
-<figure><img src="fig/standard-filesystem-hierarchy.svg" alt="Linux filesystem hierarchy" class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="glossary">Glossary<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#glossary"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#glossary"></a></h2>
+<figure><img src="fig/standard-filesystem-hierarchy.svg" alt="Linux filesystem hierarchy" class="figure mx-auto d-block"></figure></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="glossary">Glossary<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#glossary"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><dl><dt><span id="absolute-path">absolute path</span></dt>
 <dd>
 A <a href="#path">path</a> that refers to a particular location in a
@@ -592,8 +589,7 @@ <h1>Summary of Basic Commands</h1>
 <code>*.txt</code> matches all files whose names end in
 <code>.txt</code>.
 </dd>
-</dl></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="external-references">External references<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#external-references"></a>
-<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#external-references"></a></h2>
+</dl></section><section><h2 class="section-heading" id="external-references">External references<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#external-references"></a></h2>
 <hr class="half-width"><div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="opening-a-terminal">Opening a terminal<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#opening-a-terminal"></a></h3>
 <ul><li><a href="https://www.macworld.co.uk/feature/mac-software/how-use-terminal-on-mac-3608274/" class="external-link">How
@@ -689,7 +685,7 @@ <h3 id="miscellaneous">Miscellaneous<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/reference.html",
   "dateCreated": "2014-10-22",
   "dateModified": "2024-02-20",
-  "datePublished": "2024-08-06"
+  "datePublished": "2024-08-13"
 }
 
   </script><script>