Various LaTeX templates. The homework template is based on this one by Carl Kingsford. There is no BibTeX template because bibliographies are easier to create using programs such as BibDesk.
If you need non-SI units such as lightyear or femtobarn, you can define them yourself. See the package manual [PDF].
pgfplots [PDF]
is a package for creating 2D and 3D plots directly in LaTeX. While this does
work, LaTeX was never designed to be good at plotting graphs and consequently is
quite slow (especially in 3D) when rendering them. It's quicker to make an image
and then include that.