Development

CITATION.cff

@@ -5,22 +5,26 @@ authors:
     orcid: 0000-0003-0142-8597
   - name: Ronan Docherty
     orcid: 0000-0002-7332-0924
+  - name: Steve Kench
+    orcid: 0000-0002-7263-6724
   - name: Samuel J. Cooper
     orcid: 0000-0003-4055-6903
-title: "Predicting Microstructural Representativity from a Single Image"
+title: "Prediction of Microstructural Representativity from a Single Image"
 doi: ARXIV_DOI
-url: "https://github.com/tldr-group/Representativity"
+url: "https://github.com/tldr-group/ImageRep"
 preferred-citation:
   type: article
   authors:
   - name: Amir Dahari
     orcid: 0000-0003-0142-8597
   - name: Ronan Docherty
     orcid: 0000-0002-7332-0924
+  - name: Steve Kench
+    orcid: 0000-0002-7263-6724
   - name: Samuel J. Cooper
     orcid: 0000-0003-4055-6903
   doi: ARXIV_DOI
   journal: "arXiV preprint"
   month: 8
-  title: "Predicting Microstructural Representativity from a Single Image"
+  title: "Prediction of Microstructural Representativity from a Single Image"
   year: 2024

README.md

@@ -1,38 +1,32 @@
-# Representativity
-
-![Tests](https://github.com/tldr-group/Representativity/actions/workflows/tests.yml/badge.svg)
+# ImageRep
 
 [Try it out!](https://www.imagerep.io/)
 
-You take a micrograph of a material. You segment it, and measure the phase fractions. How sure are you that the phase fraction of the whole material is close to your measurements?  
-Here we define 'representativity' as [1]
-> A microstructure is $(c, d)$-property representative if the measured value of the microstructural property deviates by no more than $d\%$ from the bulk material property, with at least $c\%$ confidence. For example, if $(c,d)=(95,3)$, and the property is phase-fraction, this means we can be $95\%$ confident that the measured phase-fraction is within $3\%$ of the bulk material phase-fraction. 
-
-We introduce the 'ImageRep' model for performing fast phase-fraction representativity estimation from a single microstructural image. This is achieved by estimating the Two-Point Correlation (TPC) function of the image via the FFT. From the TPC the 'Integral Range' can be directly determined - the Integral Range has previously been determined using (slow) statistical methods. We then represent the image as binary squares of length 'Integral Range' which are samples from a Bernoulli distribution with a probability determined by the measured phase fraction. From this we can establish the uncertainty in the phase fraction in the image to a given confidence, **and** the image size that would be needed to meet a given target uncertainty.
+Here we introduce the 'ImageRep' method for fast phase fraction representativity estimation from a single microstructural image. This is achieved by calculating the Two-Point Correlation (TPC) function of the image, combined with a data-driven analysis of the [MicroLib](https://microlib.io/) dataset. By applying a statistical framework that utilizes both data sources, we can establish the uncertainty in the phase fraction in the image with a given confidence, **and** the image size that would be needed to meet a given target uncertainty. Further details are provided in our [paper](CITATION.cff).
 
-If you use this model in your research, [please cite us](CITATION.cff).
+If you use this ImageRep in your research, [please cite us](CITATION.cff).
 
 ## Usage:
 
-This model can be used as python package - see [`example.ipynb`](example.ipynb) or via the [website (imagerep.io)](https://www.imagerep.io/).
+This method can be used via the [website (imagerep.io)](https://www.imagerep.io/) or as python package - see [`example.ipynb`](example.ipynb).
 
 <p align="center">
     <img src="https://sambasegment.blob.core.windows.net/resources/repr_repo_v2.gif">
 </p>
 
-NB: the website may run out of memory for large volumes (>1000x1000x1000) - if this happens run the model locally or contact us
+NB: the website may run out of memory for large volumes (>1000x1000x1000) - if this happens run the method locally or contact us
 
 ## Limitations:
 - **This is not the only source of uncertainty!** Other sources *i.e,* segmentation uncertainty, also contribute and may be larger
-- For multi-phase materials, this model estimates the uncertainty in phase-fraction of a single (chosen) phase, counting all the others as a single phase (*i.e,* a binary microstructure)
+- For multi-phase materials, this method estimates the uncertainty in phase-fraction of a single (chosen) phase, counting all the others as a single phase (*i.e,* a binary microstructure)
 - Not validated for for images smaller than 200x200 or 200x200x200
 - Not validated for large integral ranges/features sizes (>70 px) 
 - Not designed for periodic structures
 - 'Length needed for target uncertainty' is an intentionally conservative estimate - retry when you have measured the larger sample to see a more accurate estimate of that uncertainty
 
 ## Local Installation Instructions
 
-These instructions are for installing and running the model locally. They assume a UNIX enviroment (mac or linux), but adapting for Windows is straightforward. Note you will need 2 terminals, one for the frontend local server and one for the backend local server.
+These instructions are for installing and running the method locally. They assume a UNIX enviroment (mac or linux), but adapting for Windows is straightforward. Note you will need 2 terminals, one for the frontend local server and one for the backend local server.
 
 ### Preliminaries
 
@@ -51,7 +45,7 @@ git clone https://github.com/tldr-group/Representativity && cd Representativity
 pip install -e .
 ```
 
-**NOTE: this is all you need to do if you wish to use the model via the python package.** To run the website locally, follow the rest of the instructions.
+**NOTE: this is all you need to do if you wish to use the method via the python package.** To run the website locally, follow the rest of the instructions.
 
 2. With your virtual environment activated, and inside the `representativity/` directory, run
 
@@ -86,6 +80,8 @@ yarn && yarn start
 
 ## Testing Instructions
 
+![Tests](https://github.com/tldr-group/Representativity/actions/workflows/tests.yml/badge.svg)
+
 1. Run (with your virtual enviroment activated!)
 
 ```

frontend/src/App.tsx

@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ import NormalSlider from "./components/NormalSlider";
 import { Menu } from "./components/Menu";
 import { ErrorMessage, CLSModal, MoreInfo } from "./components/Popups"
 
-import { loadFromTIFF, loadFromImage } from "./components/imageLogic";
+import { loadFromTIFF, loadFromImage, getPhaseFraction } from "./components/imageLogic";
 
 import "./assets/scss/App.scss";
 import 'bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css';
 
-const PATH = "http://127.0.0.1:5000";
-//const PATH = "https://samba-segment.azurewebsites.net";
+//const PATH = "http://127.0.0.1:5000";
+const PATH = "https://samba-segment.azurewebsites.net";
 //const PATH = "http://localhost:7071/api";
 //const PATH = "https://representative.azurewebsites.net/api"
 const PF_ENDPOINT = PATH + "/phasefraction"
@@ -147,7 +147,13 @@ const App = () => {
             })
 
             const vals = imageInfo?.phaseVals!
-            const phaseFrac = accurateFractions![vals[selectedPhase - 1]]
+            const phaseFrac = (accurateFractions != null) ?
+                accurateFractions[vals[selectedPhase - 1]]
+                : getPhaseFraction(
+                    imageInfo?.previewData.data!,
+                    vals[selectedPhase - 1]
+                );
+
             setPfB([phaseFrac - absErr, phaseFrac + absErr])
 
             if (obj["cls"] > IR_LIMIT_PX) { setShowWarning("cls") }

frontend/src/components/DragDrop.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import React, { useContext, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import { DragDropProps } from "./interfaces";
 
-const DEFAULT_IMAGE = "../assets/default.tiff";
+const DEFAULT_IMAGE_2D = "../assets/default_2D.tiff";
+const DEFAULT_IMAGE_3D = "../assets/default_3D.tiff";
 
 export const dragDropStyle = {
     height: '75vh', width: '75vw',
@@ -27,8 +28,8 @@ const DragDrop = ({ loadFromFile }: DragDropProps): JSX.Element => {
         };
     };
 
-    const viewExample = async () => {
-        const url = new URL(DEFAULT_IMAGE, location.origin);
+    const viewExample = async (path: string) => {
+        const url = new URL(path, location.origin);
         console.log(url)
         const resp = await fetch(url);
         const data = await resp.blob();
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ const DragDrop = ({ loadFromFile }: DragDropProps): JSX.Element => {
             onDragOver={handleDrag}
             onDrop={handeDrop}
         >
-            {(!isMobile) && <span>Drag microstructure file or <a style={{ cursor: "pointer", color: 'blue' }} onClick={viewExample}> view example!</a></span>}
+            {(!isMobile) && <span>Drag microstructure file, or view example <a style={{ cursor: "pointer", color: 'blue' }} onClick={e => viewExample(DEFAULT_IMAGE_2D)}>in 2D</a> or  <a style={{ cursor: "pointer", color: 'blue' }} onClick={e => viewExample(DEFAULT_IMAGE_3D)}> 3D</a></span>}
         </div>
     );
 }

frontend/src/components/Menu.tsx

@@ -191,12 +191,24 @@ const Result = () => {
     const lResultRef = useRef<HTMLHeadingElement>(null);
 
     const vals = imageInfo?.phaseVals!
-    const phaseFrac = (accurateFractions != null) ?
-        accurateFractions[vals[selectedPhase - 1]]
-        : getPhaseFraction(
-            imageInfo?.previewData.data!,
-            vals[selectedPhase - 1]
-        );
+
+    const getPhaseFracs = () => {
+        const accurateAvailable = accurateFractions != null
+        const coarseAvailable = (imageInfo != null) && (imageInfo.previewData.data != null)
+
+        if (accurateAvailable) {
+            return accurateFractions[vals[selectedPhase - 1]]
+        } else if (coarseAvailable) {
+            return getPhaseFraction(
+                imageInfo?.previewData.data!,
+                vals[selectedPhase - 1]
+            );
+        } else {
+            return 0
+        }
+    }
+
+    const phaseFrac = getPhaseFracs();
 
 
     const l = analysisInfo?.lForDefaultErr;
@@ -257,6 +269,8 @@ const Result = () => {
     const vol = (ii?.nDims! == 3) ? (ii?.height! * ii?.width! * ii?.width!) : (ii?.height! * ii?.width!)
     const nMore = (Math.ceil(Math.pow(l!, imageInfo?.nDims!) / vol)) - 1
 
+    const modalTitle = `Results for "${imageInfo?.file?.name}"`
+
     const title = "Phase Fraction Estimation of the Material"
 
     const smallResults = (
@@ -313,7 +327,7 @@ const Result = () => {
     const largeResults = (<>
         <Modal show={showFull} onHide={handleClose} size="lg">
             <Modal.Header style={{ backgroundColor: '#212529', color: '#ffffff' }} closeVariant="white" closeButton>
-                <Modal.Title>Results!</Modal.Title>
+                <Modal.Title>{modalTitle}</Modal.Title>
             </Modal.Header>
             <Modal.Body>
                 <Accordion defaultActiveKey={['0', '1']} flush alwaysOpen>

frontend/src/components/Popups.tsx

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ export const CLSModal = () => {
         }
     }
 
-    const txt = (showWarning == "over") ? 'Success!' : "Warning!"
+    const txt = (showWarning == "over") ? 'Good news!' : "Warning!"
     const bg = (showWarning == "over") ? '#6ac40a' : '#fcba03'
 
     return (
@@ -95,12 +95,14 @@ export const MoreInfo = () => {
         imageInfo: [imageInfo,],
         analysisInfo: [analysisInfo,],
         showInfo: [showInfo, setShowInfo],
-        menuState: [, setMenuState]
+        menuState: [menuState, setMenuState]
     } = useContext(AppContext)!;
 
     const handleClose = () => {
         setShowInfo(false);
-        setMenuState('conf_result');
+        if (menuState == "conf_result_full") {
+            setMenuState('conf_result');
+        }
     };
 
     return (

frontend/src/components/Topbar.tsx

@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 import React, { useContext, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
+import AppContext from "./interfaces";
 
 import Container from 'react-bootstrap/Container';
 import Nav from 'react-bootstrap/Nav';
 import Navbar from 'react-bootstrap/Navbar';
 import { TopbarProps } from "./interfaces";
 
 const Topbar = ({ loadFromFile, reset, changePhase }: TopbarProps) => {
+
+    const {
+        showInfo: [showInfo, setShowInfo],
+    } = useContext(AppContext)!;
     const fileInputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
 
     const addData = () => {
@@ -24,12 +29,13 @@ const Topbar = ({ loadFromFile, reset, changePhase }: TopbarProps) => {
 
     return (
         <Navbar bg={"dark"} variant="dark" expand="lg" style={{ boxShadow: "1px 1px  1px grey" }}>
-            <Container>
+            <Container style={{ display: 'flex', justifyContent: 'space-around' }}>
                 {/*path for these assets need to be relative to index.html in assets/*/}
                 <Navbar.Brand><img src="favicon.png" width="40" height="40" className="d-inline-block align-top" /></Navbar.Brand>
-                <Navbar.Brand style={{ marginTop: "3px", fontSize: "1.75em" }}>ImageRep</Navbar.Brand>
+                <Navbar.Brand style={{ marginTop: "3px", fontSize: "1.75em", flexGrow: 2 }}>ImageRep</Navbar.Brand>
 
                 <Nav>
+                    <Nav.Link onClick={e => setShowInfo(true)}>Model Info</Nav.Link>
                     <Nav.Link onClick={addData}>Add Data</Nav.Link>
                     <Nav.Link onClick={changePhase} style={{ color: "#f2cd29" }}>Change Phase</Nav.Link>
                     <input

frontend/src/components/imageLogic.tsx

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ export const getPhaseFraction = (arr: Uint8ClampedArray, val: number, nChannels:
     console.log('ahhhh')
     const uniqueVals = arr.filter((_, i, __) => { return i % nChannels == 0 })
     const matching = uniqueVals.filter((v) => v == val);
-    return (100 * matching.length) / (arr.length / nChannels);
+    return (matching.length) / (arr.length / nChannels);
 }
 
 export const loadFromTIFF = (tiffBuffer: ArrayBuffer): ImageLoadInfo => {

paper_figures/SI_figures/porespy_ims.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import numpy as np
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import random
+from itertools import product
+import porespy as ps
+from representativity.validation import validation
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    num_generators = 50
+    num_images = 5
+    generators_chosen = np.random.choice(num_generators, num_images, replace=False)
+    images = []
+    large_img_size = np.array([1000, 1000])
+    img_size = np.array([200, 200])
+    alpha = 1
+    ps_generators = validation.get_ps_generators()
+    rand_iter = 0
+    for generator, params in ps_generators.items():
+        for value_comb in product(*params.values()):
+            if rand_iter in generators_chosen:
+                args = {key: value for key, value in zip(params.keys(), value_comb)}
+                args = validation.factors_to_params(args, im_shape=large_img_size)
+                image = validation.get_large_im_stack(generator, large_img_size, 1, args)
+                image = image[0]
+                image = image[:img_size[0], :img_size[1]]
+                images.append(image)
+            rand_iter += 1
+    random.shuffle(images)
+
+    layers = num_images  # How many images should be stacked.
+    x_offset, y_offset = img_size[0]-25, 30  # Number of pixels to offset each image.
+
+    new_shape = ((layers - 1)*y_offset + images[0].shape[0],
+                (layers - 1)*x_offset + images[0].shape[1]
+                )  # the last number, i.e. 4, refers to the 4 different channels, being RGB + alpha
+
+    stacked = np.zeros(new_shape)
+
+
+    for layer in range(layers):
+        cur_im = images[layer]
+        stacked[layer*y_offset:layer*y_offset + cur_im.shape[0],
+                layer*x_offset:layer*x_offset + cur_im.shape[1] 
+                ] += cur_im
+    stacked = 1 - stacked
+
+
+
+    # Create the PoreSpy images:
+    ax_porespy_im = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 0])
+    ax_porespy_im.imshow(stacked, vmin=0, vmax=1, cmap='gray', interpolation='nearest')
+    ax_porespy_im.set_title('(a)')
+    ax_porespy_im.axis('off') 
+
+    pos1 = ax_porespy_im.get_position() # get the original position
+    pos2 = [pos1.x0 - 0.15, pos1.y0+0, pos1.width+0.1, pos1.height+0.1] 
+    ax_porespy_im.set_position(pos2)