Epub 3 generation

a_defective_system.html.pm

@@ -31,17 +31,17 @@ If I did print money---a ◊strong{lot} of money---and spent it like this, what
 
 For starters, if I just kept the money without spending it, nothing would change:
 
-◊img[#:src "/images/counterfeiting1.png" #:alt "The counterfeiter can print a large stash of cash."]{
+◊img[#:src "/images/counterfeiting1.png" #:alt "The counterfeiter can print a large stash of cash, but other people would not benefit."]{
     The counterfeit money is colored yellow and the real money is green.
 }
 
 Then if I decided to buy a bunch of LEGO®, the store would get some of my money:
 
-◊img[#:src "/images/counterfeiting2.png" #:alt "The counterfeiter buys LEGO."]{}
+◊img[#:src "/images/counterfeiting2.png" #:alt "The counterfeiter buys LEGO, sharing the wealth with the store."]{}
 
 After a while the store would use the counterfeited money to pay their supplier:
 
-◊img[#:src "/images/counterfeiting3.png" #:alt "Money further trickles down to the supplier, but not to everyone."]{}
+◊img[#:src "/images/counterfeiting3.png" #:alt "Money further trickles down to the supplier, but not to everyone. The poor people did not get more money than they had before, and now they're even poorer relative to the others."]{}
 
 Who in turn will use it to buy other stuff, and in this way the counterfeited money slowly trickles out into the rest of the economy. This extra money has two important effects:
 
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ While taking out debt to fuel investments was only supposed to be a temporary me
 
 ◊; Actual source
 ◊; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?id=GFDEBTN,
-◊img[#:src "images/usa-debt.svg" #:link #t #:alt "The federal debt of the United States, measure in trillions of dollars, since 1966."]{
+◊img[#:src "images/usa-debt.svg" #:link #t #:alt "The federal debt of the United States figure"]{
     The ◊link[usa-national-debt]{federal debt of the United States}, measure in trillions of dollars, since 1966.  
     After the ◊link[financial_crisis]{2008 financial crisis} the amount of debt skyrocketed, signifying a shift in economic policy.  
     During the COVID-19 pandemic the debt explosively increased at a pace unseen before.
@@ -444,18 +444,18 @@ It seems like we're moving away from the original Keynesian ideas to something e
 
 There's a worrying trend in the world: ◊link[global-inequality]{global inequality is rising}. The rich get richer and the poor get... poorer.
 
-◊img[#:src "images/income-inequality-world.svg" #:link #t #:alt "Top 10% income share between 1980 and 2015."]{
+◊img[#:src "images/income-inequality-world.svg" #:link #t #:alt "World income share figure"]{
     Top 10% income share between 1980 and 2015.  
     Source ◊link[inequality-data]{World Inequality Database}.
 }
 
 The inequality is on the rise in nearly every country. If we take a closer look at the United States, it paints a gloomy picture:◊mn{report}
 
-◊img[#:src "images/income-inequality.svg" #:link #t #:alt "Income share in the United States between 1962 and 2014."]{
+◊img[#:src "images/income-inequality.svg" #:link #t #:alt "United States income share figure"]{
     Income share in the United States between 1962 and 2014.  
     Source ◊link[inequality-data]{World Inequality Database}.
 }
-◊img[#:src "images/wealth-inequality.svg" #:link #t #:alt "Net personal wealth in the United States between 1962 and 2014."]{
+◊img[#:src "images/wealth-inequality.svg" #:link #t #:alt "Net personal wealth figure"]{
     Net personal wealth in the United States between 1962 and 2014.  
     Source ◊link[inequality-data]{World Inequality Database}.
 }

about_the_book.html.pm

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 ◊(define-meta updated "2021-05-07T19:11:00+01:00")
 ◊(define-meta uuid "7ea80c78-aff2-46a1-8d05-1253d7033dc6")
 ◊(define-meta template "chapter.html")
+◊(define-meta article-type "introduction")
 
 ◊(clear-sidenotes)
 
@@ -64,13 +65,15 @@ I must admit I'm also being selfish---writing a book is on my bucket list.
 This book tries to describe what value cryptocurrencies have using several examples. In particular I'll argue that:
 
 ◊ol{
-  ◊li{Cryptocurrencies aren't just scams.◊mn{scams} ◊note-pos{scams}}
+  ◊li{Cryptocurrencies aren't just scams.◊mn{scams}}
   ◊li{It's more than just a speculative asset.}
   ◊li{They do many things better than any alternative.}
   ◊li{There are legal use cases.}
   ◊li{They have valuable use cases.}
 }
 
+◊note-pos{scams}
+
 Of course, everything new brings positive and negative aspects with it. It's up to you to decide where on the global spectrum of good and bad cryptocurrencies lie.
 
 
@@ -103,8 +106,8 @@ A problem-centric view is great for an engineer or a problem solver, but it also
 
 Instead of putting on blinders and getting stuck at these problems---which I believe can be addressed---we'll focus on the potential cryptocurrencies have. Only with this vantage point can we see if the problems are worth working on, or if we instead should scrap the whole idea.
 
-◊center{
-  ◊strong[#:style "font-size: 1.1rem"]{And of course, none of this is investment advice.}
+◊div[#:class "not-investment"]{
+  And of course, none of this is investment advice.
 }
 
 Well, the only advice I'll give is to understand what you're investing in, and my hope is that this book can help with that.

acknowledgements.html.pm

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 ◊(define-meta title "Acknowledgments")
 ◊;(define-meta subtitle "A perspective beyond the hype")
+◊(define-meta article-type "acknowledgments")
 ◊(define-meta published "2020-03-09T21:07:17+01:00")
 ◊(define-meta updated "2021-03-10T19:01:43+01:00")
 ◊(define-meta uuid "d33953be-5f6c-43b0-a700-eab1e1540447")

antifragile.html.pm

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 ◊(define-meta updated "2021-05-07T19:11:00+01:00")
 ◊(define-meta uuid "9ce74583-fbbd-42d4-940e-3a9e44ed0658")
 ◊(define-meta template "chapter.html")
+◊(define-meta article-type "appendix")
 
 ◊; https://unchained-capital.com/blog/bitcoin-is-antifragile/
 ◊; https://cryptofundamental.com/in-pursuit-of-lindycoin-212bacafc395?gi=416e2a7a461c
@@ -142,11 +143,11 @@ Cryptocurrencies work the same way. When a weakness is discovered developers wil
 
 While you can argue that an individual cryptocurrency is antifragile, antifragility also applies to the cryptocurrency concept itself. People like to point at the thousands of cryptocurrencies as some sort of drawback, but it's actually the opposite. Cryptocurrencies being created and then dying off en mass is good as each time one fails we might learn something new and use that to improve the survivors.
 
-◊img[#:src "/images/btc-hydra.png" #:alt "A hydra with one Bitcoin head"]{
+◊img[#:src "/images/btc-hydra.png" #:alt "A hydra with one head looking like the Bitcoin logo."]{
     Cryptocurrencies are like a Hydra.
 }
 
-◊img[#:src "/images/bch-xmr-hydra.png" #:alt "A hydra with two heads, one Bitcoin Cash and one Monero"]{
+◊img[#:src "/images/bch-xmr-hydra.png" #:alt "A hydra with three heads; one cut off, one like the Bitcoin Cash logo and one like the Monero logo."]{
    Cut off one head, two more shall take its place.
 }
 

appendix.html.pm

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 ◊(define-meta no-side-space #t)
 ◊(define-meta no-section-chapters-header #t)
 ◊(define-meta extra-article-class "appendix")
+◊(define-meta article-type "appendix")
 ◊(define-meta skip-feed #t)
 ◊(define-meta template "chapter.html")
 

are_cryptocurrencies_money.html.pm

@@ -27,15 +27,15 @@ To decide how well cryptocurrencies can function as money, we'll take a look at
 ◊ol{
     ◊li{◊strong{Acceptable}
 
-        Nobody's excluded from using cryptocurrencies---they're open to everyone by design. The drawback is that you need a device with internet connection.◊mn{crypto-acceptable} ◊note-pos{crypto-acceptable}
+        Nobody's excluded from using cryptocurrencies---they're open to everyone by design. The drawback is that you need a device with internet connection.◊mn{crypto-acceptable}
     }
     ◊li{◊strong{Divisible}
 
         There's no real technical limit to how much a cryptocurrency unit can be divided, and it's all automatic.
     }
     ◊li{◊strong{Durable}
 
-        Coins can be used an infinite amount of times. The only drawback is keeping your private key secure, so you don't lose your coins.◊mn{backups} ◊note-pos{backups}
+        Coins can be used an infinite amount of times. The only drawback is keeping your private key secure, so you don't lose your coins.◊mn{backups}
     }
     ◊li{◊strong{Fungible & Uniform}
 
@@ -59,6 +59,9 @@ To decide how well cryptocurrencies can function as money, we'll take a look at
     }
 }
 
+◊note-pos{crypto-acceptable}
+◊note-pos{backups}
+
 All in all cryptocurrencies fulfil the properties excellently.
 
 Cryptocurrencies can also be considered to be ◊def[sound-money]{sound money}---the value is entirely market driven and there's no manipulation of the supply.◊mn{backed}
@@ -96,19 +99,19 @@ This is a table of how I think cryptocurrencies compare to other forms of money.
 I know this might be controversial, so let me motivate some of the entries:
 
 ◊ol{
-    ◊li{Digital fiat gets a poor score on ◊strong{acceptable} because it requires a bank account to use. This ◊link[for_the_unbanked]{isn't something everyone can get} as banks have the right to ◊link[undesirable_businesses]{reject you if they want}.◊mn{acceptable} ◊note-pos{acceptable}
+    ◊li{Digital fiat gets a poor score on ◊strong{acceptable} because it requires a bank account to use. This ◊link[for_the_unbanked]{isn't something everyone can get} as banks have the right to ◊link[undesirable_businesses]{reject you if they want}.◊mn{acceptable}
     }
 
     ◊li{Digital money is inherently easier to ◊strong{divide} than physical variants. You can always send an exact amount without having to mix and match change.}
 
-    ◊li{Paper notes can easily wear out or burn up. While cryptocurrencies cannot themselves burn up or deteriorate, the security backups and your phone can. Therefore they score lower than gold on ◊strong{durability}, which is near indestructible.◊mn{durability} ◊note-pos{durability}}
+    ◊li{Paper notes can easily wear out or burn up. While cryptocurrencies cannot themselves burn up or deteriorate, the security backups and your phone can. Therefore they score lower than gold on ◊strong{durability}, which is near indestructible.◊mn{durability}}
 
-    ◊li{I see no major problems with ◊strong{fungibility} or ◊strong{uniformity}.◊mn{again-monero} ◊note-pos{again-monero}}
+    ◊li{I see no major problems with ◊strong{fungibility} or ◊strong{uniformity}.◊mn{again-monero}}
 
     ◊li{Both digital and physical fiat gets a poor score on ◊strong{limited supply}. Per the discussion in ◊link[prev-chapter]{the previous chapter} fiat money is unsound.
     }
 
-    ◊li{Cryptocurrencies are simply much more ◊strong{portable} than the other options. Carrying large amounts in cash or gold is cumbersome and digital fiat isn't easy to move across borders.◊mn{borders} ◊note-pos{borders}}
+    ◊li{Cryptocurrencies are simply much more ◊strong{portable} than the other options. Carrying large amounts in cash or gold is cumbersome and digital fiat isn't easy to move across borders.◊mn{borders}}
 
     ◊li{While it's possible to check for fake cash and gold coins, it requires expertise and certain tools. Therefore they get a lower ◊strong{recognizable} score.
     }
@@ -118,10 +121,16 @@ I know this might be controversial, so let me motivate some of the entries:
     You could argue that because you need a device with internet access, cryptocurrencies should get a lower score on ◊em{acceptable}. But you could also argue that having to transact in person is another drawback, and to me they cancel out.
 }
 
+◊note-pos{durability}
+
 ◊ndef["durability"]{
     The definition of ◊em{durability} is only concerned with reuse, where cryptocurrencies score excellently. I wanted to include the storage drawback that didn't fit anywhere else.
 }
 
+◊note-pos{again-monero}
+
+◊note-pos{borders}
+
 Even if you disagree about certain choices, it's hard to deny that cryptocurrencies come out of the comparison pretty well. Of course, this doesn't give the whole picture. There are other significant differences, for example:
 
 ◊ul{
@@ -203,7 +212,7 @@ We've looked at the properties---but how well do they function as money, today?
 
         The valuation is highly speculation driven and has been notoriously volatile.◊mn{sov} ◊note-pos{sov}
 
-        ◊img[#:src "images/btc-valuation.svg" #:link #t #:alt "Bitcoin closing price per month, between 2010 and 2019."]{
+        ◊img[#:src "images/btc-valuation.svg" #:link #t #:alt "Bitcoin closing price per month, between 2010 and 2020."]{
             ◊link[btc-valuation]{Bitcoin price per week up to the beginning of 2020}.  
             The price peaked in December 2017 to $19,870, and some exchanges had it even higher. A year later the price had dropped to $3,177, a drop of over 84%.
         }

bitcoin_whitepaper.html.pm

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 ◊(define-meta updated "2021-05-07T19:11:00+01:00")
 ◊(define-meta uuid "581c4917-d862-49cb-9d01-495a9106081b")
 ◊(define-meta template "chapter.html")
+◊(define-meta article-type "appendix")
 
 ◊(clear-sidenotes)
 

challenges.html.pm

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 ◊(define-meta updated "2021-05-07T19:11:00+01:00")
 ◊(define-meta uuid "c13d8405-fb3e-411c-b035-aae08eedddf1")
 ◊(define-meta template "chapter.html")
+◊(define-meta article-type "appendix")
 
 ◊(clear-sidenotes)
 
@@ -97,12 +98,12 @@ Bitcoin, like most cryptocurrencies, uses a public ledger where all transactions
      "https://www.chainalysis.com/"
      "Chainalysis: The Blockchain Analysis Company"))
 
-◊img[#:src "/images/coin-tracing.png" #:alt "Paying someone with allows you to see their funds."]{
+◊img[#:src "/images/coin-tracing.png" #:alt "Image of John's address that has sent 1 BTC to the merchant and 13 BTC to another address."]{
     After the merchant receives a payment from John, the merchant can see that John has sent 13 BTC to another address, out of an initial 40 BTC.
     John appears to be quite rich.
 }
 
-◊img[#:src "/images/coin-tracing2.png" #:alt "You can trace coins back in history."]{
+◊img[#:src "/images/coin-tracing2.png" #:alt "Image of how John's 40 BTC originates from a hacked exchange."]{
     It's possible to trace coins further back in history. Here we see that John's coins come from a hacked exchange, whose address is known. It might mean John is the hacker or, more probably, that John has received ◊em{tainted} coins (coins associated with illegal behavior).
 }
 
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ You can explore the Bitcoin blockchain, and see all transactions and addresses,
 
 In an attempt to make Bitcoin more private "mixing" services such as ◊link[coinjoin]{CoinJoin} can be used. They work by mixing together your coins with the coins of others, in an attempt to obscure where the coins are coming from:
 
-◊img[#:src "/images/coinjoin.png" #:alt "Obfuscation by mixing coins with other addresses."]{
+◊img[#:src "/images/coinjoin.png" #:alt "Image of mixing coins by sending them to and from various addresses."]{
     A mixing service makes several addresses send to each other, in order to obfuscate the history. Although not shown here, because it would be too messy, all addresses and amounts are still visible.
 }
 

chapter.html.p

@@ -19,10 +19,17 @@
 ◊(define side-space? (not (select-from-metas 'no-side-space here)))
 ◊(define section-chapters-headers? (not (select-from-metas 'no-section-chapters-header here)))
 ◊(define article-class
+   ; This used to be on <article> but is now on main. Meh.
    (let ((extra (select-from-metas 'extra-article-class here)))
      (if extra
          (string-append "chapter " extra)
          "chapter")))
+◊(define article-type
+  (let ((type (select-from-metas 'article-type here)))
+    (if type
+      type
+      "chapter")))
+
 ◊(define prev-page
    (let ((p (previous here)))
      (if (equal? p 'index.html)
@@ -46,59 +53,38 @@
   (->html
     (make-link #:title title (string-append "/" (symbol->string page)) txt)))
 <!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="en">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xmlns:epub="http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops">
     <head>
         <meta charset="utf-8" />
         <title>◊|head-title|</title>
-        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/main.css" />
-        <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Atom 0.3" href="/feed.xml" />
+        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="main.css"></link>
         <meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0' />
         <meta name="keywords" content="◊|keywords|" />
-        <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon-32x32.png">
-        <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon-16x16.png">
     </head>
     <body>
-      <article class="◊|article-class|">
+      <main class="◊|article-class|">
         <nav class="where">
-          <a href="/toc.html" tilte="Table of contents" class="home">Why Cryptocurrencies?</a>
+          <a href="/toc.xhtml" title="Table of contents" class="home">Why Cryptocurrencies?</a>
           ◊when/splice[parent-page]{
             <span class="divider">/</span>
             ◊(ref parent-page parent-title parent-title)
           }
         </nav>
-        <header>
-          <h1>◊|title|</h1>
-          <h2>◊|subtitle|</h2>
-          ◊(when side-space? (->html
-             `(div ((class "date"))
-                 (span ((class "published")) ,published)
-                 ,(if updated
-                      `(span ((class "updated")) ,updated)
-                      ""))))
-          </div>
-        </header>
+        <article epub:type="◊|article-type|">
+          <header>
+            <h1 epub:type="title">◊|title|</h1>
+            <h2 epub:type="subtitle">◊|subtitle|</h2>
+          </header>
 
-        ◊(->html doc #:splice? #t)
+          ◊(->html doc #:splice? #t)
+        </article>
 
         ◊(->html (make-section-nav #:section-header? section-chapters-headers?
                                     here))
-      </article>
+      </main>
 
       ◊(when side-space? (->html `(div ((class "side-space")))))
 
-      <nav class="edge-wrapper">
-        ◊when/splice[prev-page]{
-          <a class="prev-pan" href="/◊(symbol->string prev-page)" title="◊|prev-title|">
-            <span class="content"> ‹ </span>
-          </a>
-        }
-        ◊when/splice[next-page]{
-          <a class="next-pan" href="/◊(symbol->string next-page)" title="◊|next-title|">
-            <span class="content"> › </span>
-          </a>
-        }
-      </nav>
-
       <footer>
         <nav class="movenav">
           ◊when/splice[prev-page]{
@@ -115,7 +101,7 @@
               </span>
             }
             <span class="home">
-              <a href="/toc.html" title="Table of contents">~ Home</a>
+              <a href="/toc.xhtml" title="Table of contents">~ Home</a>
             </span>
           </span>
 
@@ -127,17 +113,17 @@
           }
         </nav>
 
-        <div class="buy-wrapper">
-          <div class="buy">
-            <p>This is a book that tries to explain the utility of cryptocurrencies in a beginner-friendly manner.</p>
+        ◊;<div class="buy-wrapper">
+          ◊;<div class="buy">
+            ◊;<p>This is a book that tries to explain the utility of cryptocurrencies in a beginner-friendly manner.</p>
 
-            <p><a href="/" title="Print or ebook">Check out the print or ebook!</a></p>
-          </div>
-        </div>
+            ◊;<p><a href="/" title="Print or ebook">Check out the print or ebook!</a></p>
+          ◊;</div>
+        ◊;</div>
 
-        <div class="follow-wrapper">
-          ◊(->html follow-section)
-        </div>
+        ◊;<div class="follow-wrapper">
+          ◊;◊(->html follow-section)
+        ◊;</div>
 
       </footer>