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@MicheleTobias
MicheleTobias committed Apr 16, 2024
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# The Library Checkouts Database

We'll be working with the Library Checkouts Database, a fictitious SQLite database about how and what a library keeps track of when lending books. This includes information like:
We'll be working with the Library Checkouts Database, a subset of real data from the UC Davis Library. This includes information like:

- Books and their details: title, author, genres, etc...
- People who sign up for a library card: Name and contact info
- Checkouts of books by who and when etc...
- Books and their details: title, author, publication year, etc...
- Patrons who check out items: ID number, what user group they belong to, and the date their library card was created
- Checkouts of books by who and when

Why would a library want to track this information in a database?

Expand All @@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ Why would a library want to track this information in a database?
- What types of books are being checked out?
- Which books are overdue?

For more detailed information on how the SQLite database was put together, refer to the GitHub repository [here](https://github.com/diversifyds/library-checkouts-db).


## Entity Relationship Diagrams

Expand All @@ -29,14 +27,15 @@ important for determining what types of questions you can answer with SQL!

Here's an ERD for the Library Checkouts database:

![](images/library-checkouts-erd.png)
![](images/DataDiagram_ucd_library.png)

Lets break down the components of the ERD:

1. *Entities* represent the tables in the database.
2. *Attributes* represent the columns in the database.
1. *Data Types*: Each attribute is made up of a certain *data type*. The most common data types you'll interact with are numeric, string, date, or boolean.
2. *Primary Key (PK)*: This is a column(s) that uniquely identifies a row in a table.
1. *Entities*, visualized as a rectangle, represent the tables in the database. The name of the table is written at the top in dark gray.
2. *Attributes* represent the columns in the database.
1. The names of the columns are written in the middle column.
1. *Data Types*: Each attribute is made up of a certain *data type*. The most common data types you'll interact with are numeric, string, date, or boolean. This information is on the right.
2. *Primary Key (PK)*: This is a column(s) that uniquely identifies a row in a table. Key designations are written on the left.
3. *Foreign Key (FK)*: This is a column that references a primary key. It’s used to identify a relationship between tables.
3. *Relationships* between tables are represented with lines connecting one entity to another
1. The symbols at the end of the lines represent *cardinality*, the number of rows between two database tables.
Expand All @@ -48,60 +47,46 @@ Lets break down the components of the ERD:

Below are the data definitions of the tables and columns in the Library Checkouts Database.

Table: **users**: All users that signed up for a library card with the library
Table: **patrons**: Users with checkout privileges

| column | description | data type |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| id | unique id of the user | integer |
| first_name | first name of the user | text |
| last_name | last name of the user | text |
| birth_date | birth date of the user | date |
| phone | cell phone of the user | text |
| email | email address of the user | text |
| address | address where the the user lives | text |
| city | city where the user lives | text |
| state | state where the user lives | text |
| zip_code | zip code where the user lives | integer |

Table: **checkouts**: A log of when a user checks out a book from the library
| patron_id | unique ID for each user of the library | INTEGER |
| user_group | the type of borrower - for example, Alumni, Faculty, Undergraduate Students, etc. | TEXT |
| creation_date | the date lending privileges were created | DATE |

| column | description | data type |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| id | unique id of the book checkout | integer |
| user_id | id of the user who checked out a book | integer |
| book_id | id of the book that was checked out | integer |
| checkout_date | date the book was checked out by the user | date |
| days\_checking\_out | number of days the user will check out the book for | integer |
| due_date | date the book is due based off days\_checking\_out | date |
| return_date | date the book was returned by the user | date |
| days\_checked\_out | number of days the book was checked out for | integer |
| returned\_with\_damage | a number to distinguish whether the book was returned with damage<br>0 = the book was not returned with damage<br>1 = the book was returned with damage | integer |

Table: **books**: All the books in the library system
Table: **items**: All the items (books, etc.) in the library system

| column | description | data type |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| id | unique id of the book | integer |
| title | title of the book | text |
| author | name of the author | text |
| isbn | isbn of the book | text |
| date_published | date the book was published | date |
| publisher | publisher of the book | text |
| format | the format of the book Ex) Hardcover | text |
| pages | the number of pages the book has | integer |
| item_id | the unique ID for each item | INTEGER |
| barcode | the barcode for each item | INTEGER |
| receiving_date | the date the item became a part of the library's collection | DATE |
| title | the title of the item | TEXT |
| author | the names of the authors of the item | TEXT |
| description | additional information about the title | TEXT |
| material_type | the type of the item (book) | TEXT |
| resource_type | the type of resource, for example, Book - Physical, Microforms, etc. | TEXT |
| language_code | a three letter code indicating the language of publication | TEXT |
| publisher | the name of the publisher | TEXT |
| publication_years | the years the item was published | TEXT |
| first_publication_year | the year the work was first published | INTEGER |
| publication_place | a list of cities the item was published in | TEXT |
| loans_in_house | number of loans internal to the library | INTEGER |
| loans_not_in_house | number of loans external to the library | INTEGER |
| recalls | the number of recalls on an item | INTEGER |
| lifecycle | if a book is available for circulation | TEXT |

Table: **book\_genre\_link**: A table to link books with their respective genre(s)

| column | description | data type |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| book_id | id of the book | integer |
| genre_id | id of the genre | integer |

Table: **genres**: All the genres in the library system
Table: **checkouts**: A log of when a user checks out a book from the library

| column | description | data type |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| id | unique id of the genre | integer |
| name | name of the genre | text |


| item_id | the unique ID for each item | INTEGER |
| patron_id | unique ID for each user of the library | INTEGER |
| loan_date | the date the item was checked out | DATE |
| due_date | the date the item is due | DATE |
| location_code | a three character code for the location the item can be found | TEXT |
| location_name | the location the item can be found | TEXT |
| library_code | a short text code indicating the library that holds the item | TEXT |

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