Language transformer

[toasted-nutbread]

Originally discussed a bit in #581, this is an initial pass of generalizing and extending the deinflector a bit.

With regards to naming, you can see that I have currently gone with Condition, Transform, and Rule for the naming, all of which don't share any suffix and I think still get the point across, but their usages is a bit different than how the old deinflector used terms.

I think this is a bit better because Condition is now named how it is actually used (formerly this was a "Rule"), i.e. that it is used as a condition to test whether a Transform's Rule will match. I'm still open to thoughts on this, but so far I like this paradigm as it avoids the need to have <something>Group and similar (pre|suf)fixed constructs.

• This is currently a draft as it is a work-in-progress, but I wanted to put it up earlier rather than later in case anyone has thoughts.

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This PR now has parity with the old Deinflector. It does not fully support all of the longer-term features I mentioned before as I consider that to be out of scope for a first PR. Mainly, it does not support internationalization or proper combination for loading multiple descriptors.

As a side note, it should be relatively easy to support deinflection of multiple languages simultaneously. While there is currently a limit on the number of condition flags (32), each language should be able to use its own set of condition flags. Adding support for this was again outside the scope of this PR, but it would be easy to create a MultiLanguageTransformer component.

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[djahandarie]

Thanks, this looks like a good incremental improvement. I wish we could use a term in linguistics for this concept of "transformation", but AFAIK there is not one general enough to capture what we want (beyond just deinflections), so I guess this is fine.

[toasted-nutbread]

For what it's worth, I did do a little bit of research to see if there were standard terms for what I am describing, but I couldn't find anything beyond more generic than (de)inflection.