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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions src/docs/03.md
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Expand Up @@ -852,9 +852,9 @@ title: 03 基本形态
<div class="indent">

(1a) <em>The boy ran off to sea.</em>（男孩跑向大海）
(1b) <em>The boy who ran off to sea didnʼt run off to sea.</em>（跑向大海的男孩並没有跑向大海）
(1b) <em>The boy who ran off to sea didn’t run off to sea.</em>（跑向大海的男孩並没有跑向大海）
(2a) <em>The dog you saw is to be sold tomorrow.</em>（你看到的狗明天要卖给别人）
(2b) <em>The dog you saw doesnʼt exist.</em>（你看到的狗不存在）
(2b) <em>The dog you saw doesn’t exist.</em>（你看到的狗不存在）

</div>

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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion src/docs/04.md
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Expand Up @@ -2312,6 +2312,6 @@ New Ithkuil 有 68 个格，每个构形词都在列位 IX 标记有元音词缀
<div class="expln">除了生病期间，我每天都慢跑</div>
</div>

仔细审查上述句子，短语「除了 X」由若非格表示（参见[第 4.5.8 条](04#Sec4_5_8)），而「在 X 期间」的概念由时段格表示（[第 4.9.1 条](04#Sec4_9_1)）。这要求为「疾病」构形词分配两个不同的格，除非我们改为以转述表达，如<q>I jog every day except that I donʼt jog during illness.</q>（我每天都慢跑，只是在生病时不慢跑）
仔细审查上述句子，短语「除了 X」由若非格表示（参见[第 4.5.8 条](04#Sec4_5_8)），而「在 X 期间」的概念由时段格表示（[第 4.9.1 条](04#Sec4_9_1)）。这要求为「疾病」构形词分配两个不同的格，除非我们改为以转述表达，如<q>I jog every day except that I don’t jog during illness.</q>（我每天都慢跑，只是在生病时不慢跑）

为了允许两个（或更多）格被分配到同一个构形词（或格框），构形词的基础格如往常一样通过列位 IX 中的 `Vc` 表达，而要叠加在基础格上的格则通过格叠加词缀表达。与格辅词缀一样，格叠加词缀的结构与构形词列位 V 和 VII 中的标准 `VxCs` 词缀相同。它们的音韵结构和带示例的词缀完整列表在 `VxCs` 词缀章节末尾的[第 7.6.4 节](07#Sec7_6_4)中呈现。
16 changes: 8 additions & 8 deletions src/docs/05.md
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Expand Up @@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ New Ithkuil 有九种配价：**独动价**、**共动价**、**各动价**、**
<dt>praʼi.</dt>
<dd>ma/BEN+1m/BEN-ACT</dd>
</dl>
<div class="glend"><q>She and I will take a walk later on</q> [i.e., if we can] OR “We intend to take a walk”. [i.e., but we donʼt know if we’ll be able to]</div>
<div class="glend"><q>She and I will take a walk later on</q> [i.e., if we can] OR “We intend to take a walk”. [i.e., but we don’t know if we’ll be able to]</div>
<div class="expln">我们等下会去散步<br>[可以的话，不知道是否有机会]</div>
</div>

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1809,7 +1809,7 @@ X 之前相对于 Y 的 M 程度/级别不适用或不相关

::: details <span class="t">-çx | <abbr>XCL</abbr> | <tooltip label="External Standard for Comparison for Use with Levels">与级别一起使用的外部比较标准</tooltip></span>

1. ...although X (still) isnʼt very M compared to some external standard or expectation of M-ness
1. ...although X (still) isn’t very M compared to some external standard or expectation of M-ness
…尽管相对于某个外部标准/期望的 M 程度，X（仍然）不算很 M
2. ...and where X now meets some external standard or expectation of M-ness
…并且现在 X 达到了某个外部标准/期望的 M 程度
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2217,7 +2217,7 @@ X 之前相对于 Y 的 M 程度/级别不适用或不相关

### 5.6.8 <abbr>SMM</abbr> 已然体 {#Sec5_6_8}

翻译成<q>...(have) already...</q>（已经），例如<q>The children have already chosen their clown costumes</q>（孩子们已经选好了自己的小丑服装）、<q>Mrs. Beastly already owns three donut shops</q>（野兽夫人已经拥有三间甜甜圈店）。否定时，翻译为<q>...not (as) yet...</q>（还没有），如<q>I havenʼt yet decided which poison to use</q>（我还没有决定使用哪种毒药）
翻译成<q>...(have) already...</q>（已经），例如<q>The children have already chosen their clown costumes</q>（孩子们已经选好了自己的小丑服装）、<q>Mrs. Beastly already owns three donut shops</q>（野兽夫人已经拥有三间甜甜圈店）。否定时，翻译为<q>...not (as) yet...</q>（还没有），如<q>I haven’t yet decided which poison to use</q>（我还没有决定使用哪种毒药）

<div class="indent">
<dl class="gloss">
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2245,7 +2245,7 @@ X 之前相对于 Y 的 M 程度/级别不适用或不相关
<dt>kširu.</dt>
<dd>“clown”-OBJ-G-IND</dd>
</dl>
<div class="glend"><q>The clowns have yet to eat breakfast.</q> / <q>The clowns havenʼt yet eaten breakfast.</q></div>
<div class="glend"><q>The clowns have yet to eat breakfast.</q> / <q>The clowns haven’t yet eaten breakfast.</q></div>
<div class="expln">小丑们还没吃早餐</div>
</div>

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2348,7 +2348,7 @@ X 之前相对于 Y 的 M 程度/级别不适用或不相关

### 5.6.15 <abbr>CNT</abbr> 继续体 {#Sec5_6_15}

表示行为/状态/事件继续进行。翻译为<q>keep on; still; stay; yet</q>（继续、仍然、还在、…下去）。用于否定句，则表示<q>no longer; not anymore</q>（不再），例如<q>She kept on singing</q>（她继续唱歌）、<q>You’re still staring at me</q>（你还看我）、<q>Sam no longer loves you / Sam doesnʼt love you anymore</q>（他不爱你了）
表示行为/状态/事件继续进行。翻译为<q>keep on; still; stay; yet</q>（继续、仍然、还在、…下去）。用于否定句，则表示<q>no longer; not anymore</q>（不再），例如<q>She kept on singing</q>（她继续唱歌）、<q>You’re still staring at me</q>（你还看我）、<q>Sam no longer loves you / Sam doesn’t love you anymore</q>（他不爱你了）

<div class="indent">
<dl class="gloss">
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2617,7 +2617,7 @@ X 之前相对于 Y 的 M 程度/级别不适用或不相关
<dt>Iţkuil.</dt>
<dd>“Ithkuil”</dd>
</dl>
<div class="glend"><q>It turns out my cousin hasnʼt studied the Ithkuil language at all.</q></div>
<div class="glend"><q>It turns out my cousin hasn’t studied the Ithkuil language at all.</q></div>
<div class="expln">原来我的一位堂表兄弟根本没有学过 Ithkuil 语</div>
</div>

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2754,7 +2754,7 @@ X 之前相对于 Y 的 M 程度/级别不适用或不相关
<dt>kšilëi.</dt>
<dd>“clown”-OBJ-[默认Ca]-STM</dd>
</dl>
<div class="glend"><q>The child couldnʼt help but stare back at the clown with curiosity.</q></div>
<div class="glend"><q>The child couldn’t help but stare back at the clown with curiosity.</q></div>
<div class="expln">孩子忍不住好奇地回望小丑</div>
</div>

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -3049,7 +3049,7 @@ X 存在/发生于一说（可由 <abbr>TPP</abbr> 词缀定义）的相对/语
快来！巴士还没要出发 / 尚未出发 (缺乏 <abbr>TPP</abbr> 词缀意味着当下语境)
* <i>By leaving your seat just now to get a soda, you’ve <b>missed (seeing) / have not seen</b> the magician do his disappearing act.</i> (<abbr>TPP/4</abbr>)
你刚才离开座位去买汽水，错过了（看）/ 没看到魔术师的消失表演 (<abbr>TPP/4</abbr>)
* <i>The boy <b>hasnʼt (yet) realized</b> the clown was lying about the Clown Planet.</i> (<abbr>TPP/3</abbr>)
* <i>The boy <b>hasn’t (yet) realized</b> the clown was lying about the Clown Planet.</i> (<abbr>TPP/3</abbr>)
这个男孩（还）没意识到小丑近来在撒关于小丑星球的谎 (<abbr>TPP/3</abbr>)

（注意对这个词缀的翻译可能需要使用原文中没有的否定词）
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Expand Up @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ title: 06 更多动词形态
<dt>lei.</dt>
<dd>1m-GEN</dd>
</dl>
<div class="glend"><q>They say down south the sun wonʼt set on my home town.</q></div>
<div class="glend"><q>They say down south the sun won’t set on my home town.</q></div>
<div class="expln">据说在我故乡的南方，太阳从不落山</div>

<dl class="gloss">
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ title: 06 更多动词形态
<dt>elare!</dt>
<dd>词干.2/PRC-“child”-G-ABS</dd>
</dl>
<div class="glend"><q>I hope the children donʼt get Covid-19!</q></div>
<div class="glend"><q>I hope the children don’t get Covid-19!</q></div>
<div class="expln">希望孩子们不要感染 Covid-19！</div>

<dl class="gloss">
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20 changes: 10 additions & 10 deletions src/docs/08.md
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Expand Up @@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ title: 08 小词

表示短语/陈述代表插入旁白，或相当于行间脚注，如：

* <span class="glend">All equine species in Eurasia <b>(we neednʼt bother with those in the Americas)</b> can be shown to be quadrupeds</span><br><span class="expln">欧亚大陆所有种属的马（<strong>我们先不考虑美洲的</strong>）都能被证明是四足类</span>
* <span class="glend">All equine species in Eurasia <b>(we needn’t bother with those in the Americas)</b> can be shown to be quadrupeds</span><br><span class="expln">欧亚大陆所有种属的马（<strong>我们先不考虑美洲的</strong>）都能被证明是四足类</span>
* <span class="glend">I generally prefer coffee to tea on summer afternoons <b>– over ice, of course –</b> but sometimes only a beer will do</span><br><span class="expln">夏日的午后我一般喜欢喝咖啡多于茶——<strong>加冰块当然</strong>——但有时候只喝啤酒</span>
* <span class="glend">That artist’s landscapes <b>(you should see his portraits!)</b> are simply sublime.</span><br><span class="expln">那位艺术家的风景画（<strong>你真该看看他画的肖像！</strong>）简洁而优雅</span>

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -422,16 +422,16 @@ hň
* <span class="glend">“What nonsense!” or “What bullshit!”</span>
* <span class="expln">表达彻底蔑视或反感：<br>「靠」「放屁」「扯淡」</span>
* <abbr>CTV</abbr> 思惑观: gvv
* <span class="glend">“I wonder how…,”<wbr>“that’s odd…,”<wbr>“I donʼt get it…,” or a quizzical “hmmmm.”</span>
* <span class="glend">“I wonder how…,”<wbr>“that’s odd…,”<wbr>“I don’t get it…,” or a quizzical “hmmmm.”</span>
* <span class="expln">表达困惑：<br>「不知道…」「搞不懂」「奇怪的是」「嗯……」（疑问的表情）</span>
* <abbr>DCC</abbr> 不安观: gzj
* <span class="glend">“Iʼm not sure about this.”<wbr>“I donʼt feel comfortable about this.”<wbr>“Iʼm feeling out of my element here.”</span>
* <span class="glend">“Iʼm not sure about this.”<wbr>“I don’t feel comfortable about this.”<wbr>“Iʼm feeling out of my element here.”</span>
* <span class="expln">传达了一种对所经历的事物或环境感到困惑、不适和不安的情绪，发话者可能感到在当前情况下没有把握，或者对所面临的挑战感到担忧：<br>「我对这件事/在这种情况下不太有把握/不太放心/不太适应」</span>
* <abbr>DEJ</abbr> 沮丧观: žžg
* <span class="glend">“(sigh)” [of dejection/disillusionment]</span>
* <span class="expln">表达了一种沮丧或幻灭的情绪，自然语言常常用叹气表达：<br>「唉！」</span>
* <abbr>DES</abbr> 无奈观: mřř
* <span class="glend">“I donʼt know how to say this, but…”<wbr>“Iʼm afraid that….”<wbr>“Iʼm sorry to have to tell you, but...”</span>
* <span class="glend">“I don’t know how to say this, but…”<wbr>“Iʼm afraid that….”<wbr>“Iʼm sorry to have to tell you, but...”</span>
* <span class="expln">表达恐惧感或坏消息：<br>「恐怕」「真不知道该怎么说…」「抱歉我必须告诉你……」</span>
* <abbr>DFD</abbr> 羞怯观: cč
* <span class="glend">“sorry, but…”<wbr>“It’s nothing. It’s just…”</span>
Expand All @@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ hň
* <span class="glend">“How foolish!”<wbr>“How silly!”<wbr>“Look at how foolish/silly/ridiculous this is!”</span>
* <span class="expln">「多么/真是傻/愚蠢！」「看看这有多愚蠢/傻/荒谬！」</span>
* <abbr>DUB</abbr> 怀疑观: mmf
* <span class="glend">“Hmm, not likely.”<wbr>“I doubt it.”<wbr>“Sounds fishy to me”<wbr>“I donʼt trust this/it/him/her/them...”</span>
* <span class="glend">“Hmm, not likely.”<wbr>“I doubt it.”<wbr>“Sounds fishy to me”<wbr>“I don’t trust this/it/him/her/them...”</span>
* <span class="expln">「不太可能吧」「不可能！」「听起来有点可疑」「难以置信！」</span>
* <abbr>EUH</abbr> 狂喜观: gzz
* <span class="glend">“(Sigh) What bliss!”</span>
Expand All @@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ hň
* <span class="glend">“Let’s just say that….” or “Well, let me put it this way….”</span>
* <span class="expln">表示委婉地重新表述或词语替换：<br>「这么说吧」「请允许我这样说」</span>
* <abbr>EXA</abbr> 恼嘲观: kçç
* <span class="glend">“Dammit!”<wbr>“Look, donʼt you get it?…”<wbr>“Look, Iʼm trying to tell you….”</span>
* <span class="glend">“Dammit!”<wbr>“Look, don’t you get it?…”<wbr>“Look, Iʼm trying to tell you….”</span>
* <span class="expln">表达不耐烦的恼怒感：<br>「你还不懂？ 」「喂，我跟你说」</span>
* <abbr>EXG</abbr> 紧迫观: rrs
* <span class="glend">“It’s now or never!”</span>
Expand All @@ -488,13 +488,13 @@ hň
* <span class="glend">“Cʼmon!,”<wbr>“What’re you waiting for?”<wbr>“so…already!” as in the sentence “So dance already!”</span>
* <span class="expln">表达不耐烦：<br>「拜托」「你还等什么」「快…吧！」、如: 「快来跳舞吧！」</span>
* <abbr>IRO</abbr> 讽刺观: mmž
* <span class="glend">“Oh, nice!”<wbr>“Just great!”<wbr>“Well, now, isnʼt this lovely!”</span>
* <span class="glend">“Oh, nice!”<wbr>“Just great!”<wbr>“Well, now, isn’t this lovely!”</span>
* <span class="expln">如在某个不愉快或痛苦的经历后说：<br>「呵呵！好好玩！」「噢！妙极！」</span>
* <abbr>ISP</abbr> 乏味观: lçp
* <span class="glend">“Meh... (said due to lack of interest)”<wbr>“How boring/tedious/dull!”</span>
* <span class="expln">「真无聊」「无趣！」</span>
* <abbr>IVD</abbr> 不满观: řřn
* <span class="glend">“Why does he/she/they get to... and I donʼt?!”<wbr>“How unfair (that I donʼt get to...)!”</span>
* <span class="glend">“Why does he/she/they get to... and I don’t?!”<wbr>“How unfair (that I don’t get to...)!”</span>
* <span class="expln">「为什么他们可以... 而我不可以？ 」「这对我不公平！」</span>
* <abbr>MAN</abbr> 强制观: msk
* <span class="glend">“take it or leave it,”<wbr>“this is your last chance,”</span>
Expand All @@ -503,13 +503,13 @@ hň
* <span class="glend">“Ah!”<wbr>“Well, now!”<wbr>“So!” [Italian “Allora!”]</span>
* <span class="expln">传达明显和显而易见的情绪：<br>「那么」「就那样」</span>
* <abbr>OPT</abbr> 夸张观: ççk
* <span class="glend">prolonged “so” or “totally” as in “I so donʼt care!” or “That is totally not what I meant.”</span>
* <span class="glend">prolonged “so” or “totally” as in “I so don’t care!” or “That is totally not what I meant.”</span>
* <span class="expln">表达强调和夸大感：<br>「根本」「就是」如: 「我就不在乎！」「那根本不是我想要的！」</span>
* <abbr>PES</abbr> 悲观观: ksp
* <span class="glend">“Yeah, like it really matters that...”<wbr>“Pfft! What’s it to me?”</span>
* <span class="expln">表达悲观和漠然：<br>「是啊，就好像 …… 真的很重要一样」「呿！对我来说有什么意义？」「与我何干」</span>
* <abbr>PPT</abbr> 奇异观: mll
* <span class="glend">“it’s a wonder that” as in “It’s a wonder he didnʼt break a bone in that fall”.</span>
* <span class="glend">“it’s a wonder that” as in “It’s a wonder he didn’t break a bone in that fall”.</span>
* <span class="expln">表示惊奇或反思：<br>「真神奇」「不可思议」如「他居然没摔断骨头，不可思议！」</span>
* <abbr>PPX</abbr> 困惘观: llh
* <span class="glend">“Huh? What do you mean…?” “What the hell?” “WTF!?”<wbr>“You gotta be kidding me!”</span>
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Expand Up @@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ New Ithkuil 将动词合併系统化为一个能产性方案，其中任何一
<dt>lei.</dt>
<dd>1m-GEN</dd>
</dl>
<div class="glend"><q>They say down south the sun wonʼt set on my home town.</q></div>
<div class="glend"><q>They say down south the sun won’t set on my home town.</q></div>
<div class="expln">据说在我故乡的南方，太阳从不落山</div>
</div>

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Expand Up @@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
* Postulative <abbr>PTL</abbr> 合并于 Provisional <abbr>PVS</abbr>;
* Abessive 无格 <abbr>ABE</abbr>, 以 <abbr>COM</abbr> 伴随格 + 否定后缀代替;
* Exceptive 除外格 <abbr>EXC</abbr>, 以 <abbr>CTR</abbr> 词缀的<q>except (for) X; but (not) X; excluding X</q>代替
* SEMBLATIVE <abbr>SBL</abbr> case = “as if (it were) X”. Distinguished from the ASSIMILATIVE to disambiguate phrases such as treat her as/like a princess having two different implications: (1) “...because she is a princess (or like one)” [ASSIMILATIVE] or (2) “...even though she isnʼt a princess (or doesnʼt look/act/seem like one)” [new SEMBLATIVE case]. 作为代替，以 <abbr>ESS</abbr> 和 <abbr>ASI</abbr> 区分.
* SEMBLATIVE <abbr>SBL</abbr> case = “as if (it were) X”. Distinguished from the ASSIMILATIVE to disambiguate phrases such as treat her as/like a princess having two different implications: (1) “...because she is a princess (or like one)” [ASSIMILATIVE] or (2) “...even though she isn’t a princess (or doesn’t look/act/seem like one)” [new SEMBLATIVE case]. 作为代替，以 <abbr>ESS</abbr> 和 <abbr>ASI</abbr> 区分.
* Conjunctive <abbr>CNJ</abbr> 用 <abbr>COM</abbr> + <abbr>PRL</abbr> 或 <abbr>CPL</abbr>配价代替

@tab 系联格
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Expand Up @@ -692,9 +692,9 @@ The **DEPLETIVE** is shown by the affix -**b**-, placed between the Configuratio
<div class="indent">

(1a) <em>The boy ran off to sea.</em>
(1b) <em>The boy who ran off to sea didnʼt run off to sea.</em>
(1b) <em>The boy who ran off to sea didn’t run off to sea.</em>
(2a) <em>The dog you saw is to be sold tomorrow.</em>
(2b) <em>The dog you saw doesnʼt exist.</em>
(2b) <em>The dog you saw doesn’t exist.</em>

</div>

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