Skip to content

st7920_controllers

Jump to bottom
Anobium edited this page Sep 25, 2021 · 2 revisions
ST7920 Controllers

This section covers GLCD devices that use the ST7920 graphics controller.

The Great Cow BASIC constants for control of the connectivity are shown in the table below. The only connectivity option the 8-bit mode where 8 pins are connected between the microcontroller and the GLCD to control the data bus.

The ST7920 GLCD is graphica and character mixed mode display.

ST7920 LCD controller/driver IC can display alphabets, numbers, Chinese fonts and self-defined characters.   It supports 3 kinds of bus interface, namely 8-bit, 4-bit and serial.   Great Cow BASIC is currently supports 8-bit only. For LCD only operations (text characters only) you can use the Great Cow BASIC LCD routines.

All functions, including display RAM, Character Generation ROM, LCD display drivers and control circuits are all in a one-chip solution. With a minimum system configuration, a Chinese character display system can be easily achieved.

The ST7920 includes character ROM with 8192 16x16 dots Chinese fonts and 126 16x8 dots half-width alphanumerical fonts.   It supports 64x256 dots graphic display area for graphic display (GDRAM).   Mix-mode display with both character and graphic data is possible.   ST7920 has built-in CGRAM and provide 4 sets software programmable 16x16 fonts.

To use the ST7920 driver simply include the following in your user code. This will initialise the driver.

    #include <glcd.h>
    #DEFINE GLCD_TYPE GLCD_TYPE_ST7920

    #define GLCD_Enable     PORTA.1           'example port setting
    #define GLCD_RS         PORTa.0           'example port setting
    #define GLCD_RW         PORTA.2           'example port setting
    #define GLCD_RESET      PORTA.3           'example port setting
    #define GLCD_DATA_PORT  PORTD             'example port setting

The Great Cow BASIC constants for the interface to the controller are shown in the table below.

Constants Controls Options
GLCD_TYPE GLCD_TYPE_ST7920 Required
GLCD_DATA_PORT Specifies the output port that is connected between the microcontroller and the GLCD. Required
GLCD_RS Specifies the output pin that is connected to Register Select on the GLCD. Required
GLCD_RW Specifies the output pin that is connected to Read/Write on the GLCD. The R/W pin can be disabled*. Must be defined unless R/W is disabled), see GLCD_NO_RW
GLCD_RESET Specifies the output pin that is connected to Reset on the GLCD. Required
LCD_ENABLE Specifies the output pin that is connected to Enable on the GLCD. Required
ST7920WriteDelay Set the time delay between data transmissions. Required, set to 20 us for 32Mhz support. Can be reduced for slower chip speeds.
GLCD_NO_RW Disables read/write inspection of the device during read/write operations Optional, but recommend NOT to set. The R/W pin can be disabled by setting the GLCD_NO_RW constant. If this is done, there is no need for the R/W to be connected to the chip, and no need for the LCD_RW constant to be set. Ensure that the R/W line on the LCD is connected to ground if not used.

The Great Cow BASIC constants for control display characteristics are shown in the table below.

Constants Controls Default

GLCD_WIDTH

The width parameter of the GLCD

128
Cannot be changed.

GLCD_HEIGHT

The height parameter of the GLCD

64
Cannot be changed.

GLCDFontWidth

Specifies the font width of the Great Cow BASIC font set.

6

The Great Cow BASIC commands supported for this GLCD are shown in the table below. For device specific see the commands with the prefix of ST7920*.

Command Purpose Example
GLCDCLS Clear screen of GLCD GLCDCLS
GLCDPrint Print string of characters on GLCD using GCB font set GLCDPrint( Xposition, Yposition, Stringvariable )
GLCDDrawChar Print character on GLCD using GCB font set GLCDDrawChar( Xposition, Yposition, CharCode )
GLCDDrawString Print characters on GLCD using GCB font set GLCDDrawString( Xposition, Yposition, Stringvariable )
Box Draw a box on the GLCD to a specific size Box ( Xposition1, Yposition1, Xposition2, Yposition2, [Optional In LineColour as 0 or 1] )
FilledBox Draw a box on the GLCD to a specific size that is filled with the foreground colour. FilledBox (Xposition1, Yposition1, Xposition2, Yposition2, [Optional In LineColour 0 or 1] )
Line Draw a line on the GLCD to a specific length that is filled with the specific attribute. Line ( Xposition1, Yposition1, Xposition2, Yposition2, [Optional In LineColour 0 or 1] )
PSet Set a pixel on the GLCD at a specific position that is set with the specific attribute. PSet(Xposition, Yposition, Pixel Colour 0 or 1)
GLCDWriteByte Set a byte value to the controller, see the datasheet for usage. GLCDWriteByte (LCDByte)
GLCDReadByte Read a byte value from the controller, see the datasheet for usage. bytevariable = GLCDReadByte

For a TS7920 datasheet, please refer here.

This example shows how to drive a ST7920 based Graphic LCD module with the built in commands of Great Cow BASIC. See Graphic LCD for details, this is an external web site.

Example 1:

    ;Chip Settings
    #chip 16F1937,32
    #config  MCLRE_ON

    #include <glcd.h>

    #define GLCD_TYPE GLCD_TYPE_ST7920
    #define GLCD_IO 8
    #define GLCD_WIDTH 128
    #define GLCD_HEIGHT 160
    #define GLCDFontWidth 6

    ' read delay of 25 is required at 32mhz, this can be reduced to 0 for slower clock speeds
    #define ST7920ReadDelay 25
    ' write delay of 2 is required at 32mhz.  this can be reduced to 1 for slower clock speeds
    #define ST7920WriteDelay 2

    #define GLCD_RS PORTa.0
    #define GLCD_Enable PORTA.1
    #define GLCD_RW PORTA.2
    #define GLCD_RESET PORTA.3
    #define GLCD_DATA_PORT PORTD

    ST7920GLCDEnableGraphics
    ST7920GLCDClearGraphics
    GLCDPrint 0, 1, "Great Cow BASIC "
    wait 1 s

    GLCDCLS
    ST7920GLCDClearGraphics

    rrun = 0
    dim msg1 as string * 16

    dim  xradius, yordinate , radiusErr, incrementalxradius, orginalxradius, orginalyordinate as Integer


    Do forever
        GLCDCLS
        ST7920GLCDClearGraphics          ;clear screen
        GLCDDrawString 30,0,"ChipMhz@"    ;print string
        GLCDDrawString 78,0, str(ChipMhz) ;print string
        Circle(10,10,10,0)            ;upper left
        Circle(117,10,10,0)           ;upper right
        Circle(63,31,10,0)            ;center
        Circle(63,31,20,0)            ;center
        Circle(10,53,10,0)            ;lower left
        Circle(117,53,10,0)           ;lower right
        GLCDDrawString 30,54,"PIC16F1937" ;print string
        wait 1 s                  ;wait
        FilledBox( 0,0,128,63)          ;create box
        for ypos = 0 to 63              ;draw row by row
             ST7920lineh 0,ypos,128, 0      ;draw line
        next
        wait 1 s                  ;wait
        ST7920GLCDClearGraphics          ;clear
    loop

Example 2:

    ;Chip Settings
    #chip 16F1937,32
    #config MCLRE_ON

    #include <glcd.h>

    #define GLCD_TYPE GLCD_TYPE_ST7920
    #define GLCD_IO 8
    #define GLCD_WIDTH 128
    #define GLCD_HEIGHT 160
    #define GLCDFontWidth 6

    ' read delay of 25 is required at 32mhz, this can be reduced to 0 for slower clock speeds
    #define ST7920ReadDelay 25
    ' write delay of 2 is required at 32mhz.  this can be reduced to 1 for slower clock speeds
    #define ST7920WriteDelay 2

    #define GLCD_RS PORTa.0
    #define GLCD_Enable PORTA.1
    #define GLCD_RW PORTA.2
    #define GLCD_RESET PORTA.3
    #define GLCD_DATA_PORT PORTD

    WAIT 1 S
    ST7920GLCDEnableGraphics
    ST7920GLCDClearGraphics
    ST7920Tile "A"
    GLCDPrint 0, 1, "Great Cow BASIC "

    GLCDCLS

    rrun = 0
    dim msg1 as string * 16

    do forever

    ST7920GLCDEnableGraphics
    ST7920GLCDClearGraphics
    ST7920gTile 0x55, 0x55
    wait 1 s

    ST7920GLCDClearGraphics
    ST7920Lineh(0, 0, GLCD_WIDTH)
    ST7920Lineh(0, GLCD_HEIGHT - 1, GLCD_WIDTH)
    ST7920LineV(0, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)
    ST7920LineV(GLCD_WIDTH - 1, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)

    Box 18,30,28,40

    WAIT 2 S

    FilledBox 18,30,28,40

    ST7920GLCDClearGraphics

    Start:

    GLCDDrawString 0,10,"Hello" 'Print Hello
    wait 1 s
    GLCDDrawString 0,10, "ASCII #:" 'Print ASCII #:
    Box 18,30,28,40 'Draw Box Around ASCII Character
    for char = 0x30 to 0x39        'Print 0 through 9
          GLCDDrawString 16, 20 , Str(char)+"  "
          GLCDdrawCHAR 20, 30, char
          wait 250 ms
    next
    line 0,50,127,50    'Draw Line using line command
    for xvar = 0 to 80  'draw line using Pset command
            pset xvar,63,on                    '
    next
    FilledBox 18,30,28,40 'Draw Box Around ASCII Character
    Wait 1 s
    ST7920GLCDClearGraphics
    GLCDDrawString 0,10,"End  "
    wait 1 s
    ST7920GLCDClearGraphics

    workingGLCDDrawChar:
    ST7920GLCDEnableGraphics
    dim gtext as string
    gtext = "ST7920 @QC12864B"

    for xchar = 1 to gtext(0)  'Print 0 through 9
          xxpos = (1+(xchar*6)-6)
          GLCDDrawChar xxpos , 0 , gtext(xchar)
    next

    GLCDDrawString  1, 9, "Great Cow BASIC @2021"
    GLCDDrawString  1, 18,"GLCD 128*64"
    GLCDDrawString  1, 27,"Using GLCD.H from GCB"
    GLCDDrawString  1, 37,"Using GLCD.H GCB@2021"
    GLCDDrawString  1, 45,"GLCDDrawChar method"
    'GLCDDrawString  1, 54,"ST7920 @QC12864B"
    GLCDDrawString  1, 54,"Test Routines"
    wait 1 s

    ST7920GLCDClearGraphics
    ST7920GLCDDisableGraphics
    GLCDCLS

    msg1 = "Run = " +str(rrun)
    rrun++
    GLCDPrint 0, 0, "ST7920 @QC12864B"
    GLCDPrint 0, 1, "Great Cow BASIC "
    GLCDPrint 0, 2, "GLCD 128*64"
    GLCDPrint 0, 3, msg1
    wait 5 s
    GLCDCLS

    ' show all chars... takes some time!
    ST7920CallBuiltinChar

    ST7920Tile ( 0xa9  )
    wait 1 s
    GLCDCLS

    ' See http://www.khngai.com/chinese/charmap/tblbig.php?page=0
    ' and see https://sourceforge.net/projects/vietunicode/files/hannom/hannom%20v2005/ for the FONTS!!

    dim BIG5code as word

    'ST7920 can display half-width HCGROM fonts, user- defined CGRAM fonts and full 16x16 CGROM fonts. The
    'character codes in 0000H~0006H will use user- defined fonts in CGRAM. The character codes in 02H~7FH will use
    'half-width alpha numeric fonts. The character code larger than A1H will be treated as 16x16 fonts and will be
    'combined with the next byte automatically. The 16x16 BIG5 fonts are stored in A140H~D75FH while the 16x16 GB
    'fonts are stored in A1A0H~F7FFH. In short:
    '1. To display HCGROM fonts:
    'Write 2 bytes of data into DDRAM to display two 8x16 fonts. Each byte represents 1 character.
    'The data is among 02H~7FH.
    '2. To display CGRAM fonts:
    'Write 2 bytes of data into DDRAM to display one 16x16 font.
    'Only 0000H, 0002H, 0004H and 0006H are acceptable.
    '3. To display CGROM fonts:
    'Write 2 bytes of data into DDRAM to display one 16x16 font.
    'A140H~D75FH are BIG5 code, A1A0H~F7FFH are GB code.

    for BIG5code = 0xA140 to 0xA1CF
        ST7920cTile ( BIG5code  )
        wait 5 ms
      next
    GLCDCLS

    'To display HCGROM fonts
    ' Write 2 bytes of data into DDRAM to display two 8x16 fonts. Each byte represents 1 character.
    ' The data is among 02H~7FH.
    ' The english characters set...
    for HCGROM = 0x2h to 0x7f
        ST7920Tile ( HCGROM  )
        ST7920Tile ( HCGROM  )
        wait 5 ms
    next
    GLCDCLS

    linetest1:

      ST7920GLCDEnableGraphics

      ST7920gTile(0x55, 0x55)
      wait 1 s
      ST7920GLCDClearGraphics

    'linehtest:
    '
    ST7920LineH(0, 0, GLCD_WIDTH)
    ST7920LineH(0, GLCD_HEIGHT - 1, GLCD_WIDTH)
    ST7920LineV(0, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)
    ST7920LineV(GLCD_WIDTH - 1, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)

    box test
    ST7920LineH(10 ,0 , 118 )
    ST7920LineH(0 ,8 , 128)
    ST7920LineH(16 ,16 , 96 )
    ST7920LineH(10 ,32 , 108 )
    ST7920LineH(0, 16, GLCD_WIDTH)
    ST7920LineH(0, 24, GLCD_WIDTH)
    ST7920LineH(0, 32, GLCD_WIDTH)
    ST7920LineH(0, 40, GLCD_WIDTH)
    ST7920LineH(0, 48, GLCD_WIDTH)
    ST7920LineH(0, 56, GLCD_WIDTH)
    ST7920LineH(0, 63, GLCD_WIDTH)
    ST7920LineV(16, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)
    ST7920LineV(17, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)
    ST7920LineV(15, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)

    ST7920LineV(46, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)
    ST7920LineV(47, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)
    ST7920LineV(48, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)

    ST7920LineV(46, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)
    ST7920LineV(47, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)
    ST7920LineV(48, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)

    ST7920LineV(96, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)
    ST7920LineV(97, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)
    ST7920LineV(98, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT

    for HCGROM = 0 to GLCD_WIDTH step 8
        ST7920LineV(HCGROM, 0, GLCD_HEIGHT)
    next

    GraphicTestPlace:

      ST7920GLCDClearGraphics
      ST7920GraphicTest
      ST7920GLCDClearGraphics

      ' Test draw a line
      for yrowpos = 0 to 63 step 4
        ST7920LineH(0, yrowpos, GLCD_WIDTH)
      next

      ST7920GLCDClearGraphics
      ST7920GLCDDisableGraphics
      GLCDCLS

      ST7920SetIcon( 1, 0x55 )

    loop

    sub ST7920CallBuiltinChar
        ' 0xA140 ~ 0xA15F
          for ii = 0 to 31

              ST7920WriteData( 0xA1)
              ST7920WriteData( 0x40 + ii)

          next

          wait 1 s

          GLCDCLS

          ' 0xA140 ~ 0xA15F
          for ii = 0 to 31

              ST7920WriteData( 0xA1)
              ST7920WriteData( 0xb0 + ii)

          next
          wait 1 s
          GLCDCLS

          ' 0xA140 ~ 0xA15F
          for ii = 0 to 31

              ST7920WriteData( 0xA4)
              ST7920WriteData( 0x40 + ii)

          next
          wait 1 s
          GLCDCLS
    end sub

For more help, see GLCDCLS, GLCDDrawChar, GLCDPrint, GLCDReadByte, GLCDWriteByte or Pset

Supported in <GLCD.H>

Clone this wiki locally